4,284 research outputs found
An entropic approach to local realism and noncontextuality
For any Bell locality scenario (or Kochen-Specker noncontextuality scenario),
the joint Shannon entropies of local (or noncontextual) models define a convex
cone for which the non-trivial facets are tight entropic Bell (or
contextuality) inequalities. In this paper we explore this entropic approach
and derive tight entropic inequalities for various scenarios. One advantage of
entropic inequalities is that they easily adapt to situations like bilocality
scenarios, which have additional independence requirements that are non-linear
on the level of probabilities, but linear on the level of entropies. Another
advantage is that, despite the nonlinearity, taking detection inefficiencies
into account turns out to be very simple. When joint measurements are conducted
by a single detector only, the detector efficiency for witnessing quantum
contextuality can be arbitrarily low.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, minor mistakes correcte
Feasibility of loophole-free nonlocality tests with a single photon
Recently much interest has been directed towards designing setups that
achieve realistic loss thresholds for decisive tests of local realism, in
particular in the optical regime. We analyse the feasibility of such Bell tests
based on a W-state shared between multiple parties, which can be realised for
example by a single photon shared between spatial modes. We develop a general
error model to obtain thresholds on the efficiencies required to violate local
realism, and also consider two concrete optical measurement schemes.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Static Recrystallization of Austenite in a Medium-Carbon Vanadium Microalloyed Steel and Inhibition by Strain-Induced Precipitates
The austenite static recrystallization kinetics at several temperatures and the recrystallization-precipitation-time- temperature (RPTT) diagrams of a medium-carbon vanadium microalloyed steel have been determined for a strain ε = 0.35. Unlike many other studies carried out previously on V microalloyed steels, the recrystallized fraction against time curves showed the formation of a double plateau that indicates two stages of inhibition of recrystallization due to the formation of different types of strain induced precipitates. This work makes use of transmission electron microscopy to study the nature and size distribution of these precipitates capable of inhibiting recrystallization. The values of driving and pinning forces for static recrystallization are calculated and an analysis of the relationship between the net balance of these forces, the precipitation state and the progress or inhibition of the recrystallization is accomplished. A value of driving force that decreases as recrystallized fraction grows during isothermal holding time is estimated and helps to interpret the behavior of austenite after deformation.Peer reviewe
Enhanced Optical Dichroism of Graphene Nanoribbons
The optical conductivity of graphene nanoribbons is analytical and exactly
derived. It is shown that the absence of translation invariance along the
transverse direction allows considerable intra-band absorption in a narrow
frequency window that varies with the ribbon width, and lies in the THz range
domain for ribbons 10-100nm wide. In this spectral region the absorption
anisotropy can be as high as two orders of magnitude, which renders the medium
strongly dichroic, and allows for a very high degree of polarization (up to
~85) with just a single layer of graphene. The effect is resilient to level
broadening of the ribbon spectrum potentially induced by disorder. Using a
cavity for impedance enhancement, or a stack of few layer nanoribbons, these
values can reach almost 100%. This opens a potential prospect of employing
graphene ribbon structures as efficient polarizers in the far IR and THz
frequencies.Comment: Revised version. 10 pages, 7 figure
The decay of homogeneous anisotropic turbulence
We present the results of a numerical investigation of three-dimensional
decaying turbulence with statistically homogeneous and anisotropic initial
conditions. We show that at large times, in the inertial range of scales: (i)
isotropic velocity fluctuations decay self-similarly at an algebraic rate which
can be obtained by dimensional arguments; (ii) the ratio of anisotropic to
isotropic fluctuations of a given intensity falls off in time as a power law,
with an exponent approximately independent of the strength of the fluctuation;
(iii) the decay of anisotropic fluctuations is not self-similar, their
statistics becoming more and more intermittent as time elapses. We also
investigate the early stages of the decay. The different short-time behavior
observed in two experiments differing by the phase organization of their
initial conditions gives a new hunch on the degree of universality of
small-scale turbulence statistics, i.e. its independence of the conditions at
large scales.Comment: 9 pages, 17 figure
Transport properties of one-dimensional interacting fermions in aperiodic potentials
Motivated by the existence of metal-insulator transition in one-dimensional
non-interacting fermions in quasiperiodic and pseudorandom potentials, we
studied interacting spinless fermion models using exact many-body Lanczos
diagonalization techniques. Our main focus was to understand the effect of the
fermion-fermion interaction on the transport properties of aperiodic systems.
We calculated the ground state energy and the Kohn charge stiffness Dc. Our
numerical results indicate that there exists a region in the interaction
strength parameter space where the system may behave differently from the
metallic and insulating phases. This intermediate phase may be characterized by
a power law scaling of the charge stiffness constant in contrast to the
localized phase where Dc scales exponentially with the size of the system.Comment: 11 pages LaTex document with 5 eps figures. Uses revtex style file
Detection of an ionized gas outflow in the extreme UV-luminous star-forming galaxy BOSS-EUVLG1 at z=2.47
BOSS-EUVLG1 is the most ultraviolet (UV) and Ly luminous galaxy
detected so far in the Universe, going through a very active starburst phase,
and forming stars at a rate (SFR) of 955 118 M yr. We
report the detection of a broad H component carrying 25% of the total
H flux. The broad H line traces a fast and massive ionized gas
outflow characterized by a total mass, of 7.94
0.15, an outflowing velocity (V) of 573 151 km s,
and an outflowing mass rate () of 44 20 M
yr. The presence of the outflow in BOSS-EUVLG1 is also supported by the
identification of blueshifted UV absorption lines in low and high ionization
states. The energy involved in the H outflow can be explained by the
ongoing star formation without the need for an Active Galactic Nucleus. The
derived low mass loading factor (= 0.05 0.03) indicates that
although massive, this phase of the outflow can not be relevant for the
quenching of the star formation. In addition, only a small fraction (
15%) of the ionized outflowing material with velocities above 372 km s
could escape the gravitational potential, and enrich the surrounding
circum-galactic medium at distances above tens of kpc. The ionized phase of the
outflow does not carry the mass and energy to play a relevant role neither in
the evolution of the host galaxy nor in the enrichment of the intergalactic
medium. Other phases of the outflow could be carrying most of the outflow
energy and mass in the form of hot X-ray emitting gas as predicted by some
recent simulations. The expected emission of the extended X-ray emitting halo
associated with the outflow in BOSS-EUVLG1 and similar galaxies could be
detected with the future X-ray observatory, {\it ATHENA} but could not be
resolved spatially.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted in A&
Sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento aplicados ao zoneamento geoambiental: bacia hidrográfica do Açude Camará - PB.
A diversidade de paisagens da bacia hidrográfica da barragem Camará, principalmente no que se refere às formas de relevo, de solos e de sistemas de produção, induziu a realização deste zoneamento geoambiental. Sua importância reside nas preocupações com a conservação do meio ambiente e com o desenvolvimento sócio-econômico e a preservação dos recursos naturais na área em busca do desenvolvimento sustentável. Este trabalho teve como objetivo criar um banco de dados atualizado e, com o zoneamento geoambiental, realizar uma análise simplifi cada dos atributos fi siográfi cos, solo, clima, relevo e uso da terra, separando e descrevendo unidades da paisagem, suas potencialidades e limitações. Foram utilizadas nesta pesquisa imagem do satélite CBERS e técnicas de geoprocessamento a partir do programa SPRING, bases para os trabalhos descritivos em campo. A partir das informações de solo, relevo e uso da terra foram descritas as áreas susceptíveis a degradação ambiental
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