Nutritional changes in soybean and safflower oil due to storage fungi

Present research work embodies the deteriorative changes in soybean and safflower oil due to storage fungi. Ten test fungi which were previously isolated from abnormal oilseeds inoculated separately into the double refined soybean and safflower oil. Great variation in the colour and odour of the biodeteriorated oils of soybean and safflower oil were observed. Colour variation from yellow to bright yellow, while that of odour variation from normal to rancid. Curvularia pellescens increased the saponification number of safflower oil. Macrophomina phaseolina showed decrease in saponification number of soybean oil. Alternaria dianthicola hampered the free fatty acid content while, Penicillium chrysogenum and Fusarium equiseti showed increased in free fatty acid content of safflower oil. Free fatty acid content in soybean oil was drastically decreased due to Alternaria dianthicola and Rhizopus stolonifer. Curvularia lunata decreased the iodine value of safflower and soybean. Peroxide value of safflower and soybean was found to be increased due to Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium equiseti. Based on this study, it is proposed that efforts should be made to minimize the hazard of deterioration due to storage fungi during storage of such oils

The Anatomical and Physiological Perspectives of Siras and Dhamanis; Differences, Similarities and Related Disease

Ayurveda is considered as traditional science of healing and well-being since it described many theories to remain healthy and free from disease conditions. Ayurveda described all aspects related to the anatomical and physiological functioning of body and in this regards Ayurveda also elaborated concepts of vessels that carry fluids from one place to another. The vein and artery are important vessels of body that carry bloods from one place to another Ayurveda also mentioned terms Siras and Dhamanis for vein and artery respectively. Dhamani is considered as thick vessels while Sira is considered as thin blood vessel. There are significant anatomical and physiological difference between Sira and Dhamani and understanding of these differences is very important for clinical point of view. Considering this concept present article explored anatomical and physiological considerations related to vein and artery

Molecular characterization of Fusarium spp. Isolates by using RAPD technique

Genetic diversity of ten Fusarium spp. isolates was studied by using RAPD technique. As Fusarium species were commonly occurred on all five oilseeds in almost all varieties especially showing abnormalities. Out of seven primers used three primers viz., OPAD-4, OPAD-7 and OPAD-18 gave amplification and produced twenty seven bands. The diversity index in dendrogram clearly indicate the distinct features which gives clear idea about the relation between Fusarium species isolates and seed content.Â

Comparative study of pap smear and microbiological pattern in bacterial vaginosis

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age group. It is characterized by an increased vaginal pH and loss of normal lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobes like Gardnerella vaginalis and other gram-negative rods. Purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of pap smear and microbiological pattern in patients with abnormal vaginal discharge.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital (RRMCH) Bangalore, India. All patients with vaginal discharge were included in the study. Vaginal discharge samples were sent to gram staining, culture and pap smear examination.Results: Of the 52 patients, 18 patients (34.6%) showed positive for bacterial vaginosis according to Nugent’s score. Of the 18 patients with positive Gram stains, 8 of them were positive for bacterial vaginosis according to pap’s smear (44%) and 10 had negative pap smears. In our study, of the 18 patients with positive Gram stains, 14 (77%) of them were positive for bacterial vaginosis according to culture.Conclusions: In the present study we found out that correlation of gram stain and pap smear was 44% whereas correlation of gram stain and culture was 77%. Hence, we conclude that gram stain and culture are preferred for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis rather than the pap smear evaluation

Bumper catch of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus at Satpati, Bombay

The article provies details about heavy catches of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus within a span of four days at Satpati, a fishing village in Thane District in Maharashtra during 1987

Determination of Toxicity of some Fungal Metabolites on Seed Germination and Pigment Leaching

In present investigation, eighteen fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar and Rose Bengal Agar medium from abnormal soybean seeds. Out of these eighteen fungi, ten dominant fungi were selected to study the toxic potentialities of culture filtrate of these ten fungi on oilseeds germination, pigment leaching i.e. chlorophyll of spinach and betalain of beet root.  Maximum loss of chlorophylls was caused due to toxins of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium notatum. Fusarium oxysporum caused minimum loss of chlorophylls. Aspergillus niger and Alternaria dianthicola was responsible for maximum leaching of betalain pigment while Curvularia lunata causes minimum leaching of pigment.---Seed Pathology and Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad- 431004(M.S.) India  ---Please Cite This Article As: Rajendra B. Kakde and Ashok M. Chavan. 2010. Determination of Toxicity of some Fungal Metabolites on Seed Germination and Pigment Leaching. J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(6):46-55.Â

Effect of Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulphur, Phosphorus, Antibiotic and Vitamin Sources on Hydrolytic Enzyme Production by Storage Fungi

In present investigation emphasis is given on to screen the lipolytic activity of storage fungi. Abnormal safflower seeds of PBNS-12 and Bhima varieties were collected from Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. Dominant fungi were isolated from abnormal oilseeds on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Total twenty fungi were isolated. Out of that lipase enzyme activity of ten dominant fungi other than Aspergillus sp. was studied by using different nutritional sources like carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, antibiotic and vitamin sources. It was found that carbon sources like fructose and sucrose induces lipase activity while starch, lactose and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) inhibits lipase activity. Nitrogen sources like casein and peptone which are organic forms stimulated maximum lipase enzyme production of storage fungi. Sulphur sources like calcium sulphate and ferrus sulphate reduced the lipase enzyme production by storage fungi while, phosphorus source like di-sodium hydrogen ortho-phosphate, ammonium phosphate and potassium di-hydrogen ortho-phosphate stimulated lipase enzyme production. Antibiotic like ampicillin, norfloxacin and tetracycline reduced the lipase production of storage fungi. Lipase activity of storage fungi was reduced in presence of vitamin source like riboflavin while, folic acid and vitamin C stimulated the lipase enzyme production

Deteriorative changes in oilseeds due to storage fungi and efficacy of botanicals

Improper storage makes the oilseeds vulnerable to storage fungi which deteriorate the stored oilseeds both qualitatively and quantitatively. They bring about the variety of biochemical changes in the suitable conditions. Considering this fact, experiments were undertaken to understand nutritional changes like change in reducing sugar, change in crude fat content and change in crude fiber content of oilseeds due to artificial infestation of storage fungi. It was found that, Alternaria dianthicola, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium equiseti, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizopus stolonifer causes decrease in reducing sugar of oilseeds. Alternaria dianthicola, Curvularia pellescens, Macrophomina phaseolina, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium chrysogenum hampered the fat content of oilseeds. Curvularia lunata, Curvularia pellescens, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium digitatum increased the fiber content in oilseeds. An attempt was also made to control the seed-borne fungi by using aqueous extract of ten medicinal plants. Aqueous extract of Eucalyptus angophoroides was found to be most fungitoxic

Mini open anterolateral rotator cuff tear repair with the help of suture anchor

Background: It is generally accepted that mini open rotator cuff tear repair with the help of suture anchor gives satisfactory results in the long term, although most studies have so far shown a fairly high rate of good structural and functional outcome. The purpose of this study is to asses functional outcome of mini-open anterolateral rotator cuff tear repair with the help of suture anchor. Method: The 30 consecutive rotator cuff tear patients were selected from outpatient department at medical college. All patients were diagnosed with full thickness rotator cuff tear and subsequently treated with mini-open anterolateral approach technique. Each patient was clinically assessed with DASH questionnaire and constant Murley score for their satisfaction. Results: After a minimum of 12 month follow up period, the average clinical outcome scores all improved significantly at the time of final follow up. Conclusions: Patient with mini-open anterolateral rotator cuff tear repair with the help of anchor suture showed improvement in their functional outcome and range of motion.