GHOST: experimenting countermeasures for conflicts in the pilot's activity

An approach for designing countermeasures to cure conflict in aircraft pilots’ activities is presented, both based on Artificial Intelligence and Human Factors concepts. The first step is to track the pilot’s activity, i.e. to reconstruct what he has actually done thanks to the flight parameters and reference models describing the mission and procedures. The second step is to detect conflict in the pilot’s activity, and this is linked to what really matters to the achievement of the mission. The third step is to design accu- rate countermeasures which are likely to do bet- ter than the existing onboard devices. The three steps are presented and supported by experimental results obtained from private and professional pi- lots

Towards an HLA Run-time Infrastructure with Hard Real-time Capabilities

Our work takes place in the context of the HLA standard and its application in real-time systems context. The HLA standard is inadequate for taking into consideration the different constraints involved in real-time computer systems. Many works have been invested in order to providing real-time capabilities to Run Time Infrastructures (RTI) to run real time simulation. Most of these initiatives focus on major issues including QoS guarantee, Worst Case Transit Time (WCTT) knowledge and scheduling services provided by the underlying operating systems. Even if our ultimate objective is to achieve real-time capabilities for distributed HLA federations executions, this paper describes a preliminary work focusing on achieving hard real-time properties for HLA federations running on a single computer under Linux operating systems. Our paper proposes a novel global bottom up approach for designing real-time Run time Infrastructures and a formal model for validation of uni processor to (then) distributed real-time simulation with CERTI

HLA high performance and real-time simulation studies with CERTI

Our work takes place in the context of the HLA standard and its application in real-time systems context. Indeed, current HLA standard is inadequate for taking into consideration the different constraints involved in real-time computer systems. Many works have been invested in order to provide real-time capabilities to Run Time Infrastructures (RTI). This paper describes our approach focusing on achieving hard real-time properties for HLA federations through a complete state of the art on the related domain. Our paper also proposes a global bottom up approach from basic hardware and software basic requirements to experimental tests for validation of distributed real-time simulation with CERTI

Validation in Second Language Classroom Research: The Role of Observation

The purpose of this paper is to explore more precisely how observational analyses of classroom interaction can be validated, and further, how the validation of claims about instructional variables (such as the effectiveness of programs, teaching methods, syllabus changes, materials, rule presentations, and so on) depends on the application of valid observational analyses. Validity, which has many aspects but refers in essence to the determination of the "truth" of an analysis or theory, is a fundamental goal in researchers' efforts to understand and predict language learning and teaching outcomes. The paper will first briefly describe the place of observation in research validation, then show the applicability of validation in second language classroom research with respect to different methodological orientations, then illustrate three different approaches to validation of instructional research by means of observation

Academic Listening

This paper surveys the principal findings of research in academic listening and their implications for teachers and second language learners. Research focused on academic listening for non-native users of a language has been concerned with (a) the nature of academic speech in lectures (lecture style), structure and content, including aspects of use of visuals, and factors influencing the comprehension of lecture content); (b) the processes second language learners undergo while listening (goals, strategies, construction of acquisition of the second language; and (d0 the training of second language learners as listeners in academic contexts