The First Prejudice: Religious Tolerance and Intolerance in Early America

Reviews The First Prejudice: Religious Tolerance and Intolerance in Early America, edited by Chris Beneke and Christopher S. Grenda

Hydroxyl as a Tracer of H2 in the Envelope of MBM40

We observed 51 positions in the OH 1667 MHz main line transitions in the translucent, high latitude cloud MBM40. We detected OH emission in 8 out of 8 positions in the molecular core of the cloud and 24 out of 43 in the surrounding, lower extinction envelope and periphery of the cloud. Using a linear relationship between the integrated OH line intensity and E(B-V), we estimate the mass in the core, the envelope, and the periphery of the cloud to be 4, 8, and 5 solar masses. As much as a third of the total cloud mass may be found in the in the periphery (E(B-V) $<$ 0.12 mag) and about a half in the envelope (0.12 $\le$ E(B-V) $\le$ 0.17 mag). If these results are applicable to other translucent clouds the OH 1667 MHz line is an excellent tracer of gas in very low extinction regions and high-sensitivity mapping of the envelopes of molecular clouds may reveal the presence of significant quantities of molecular mass.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, and 5 table

Toward understanding the physical underpinnings of spatial and spectral morphologies of pulsar wind nebulae

We discuss the observational properties of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) linking them to the injected (at the termination shock) electron spectral energy distribution and parameters of pulsar magnetospheres. In particular, we (1) present spatially-resolved Chandra ACIS spectral maps of twelve PWNe and measure the slopes of the uncooled PWN spectra just downstream of the termination shock obtained from these maps, (2) consider the connections between PWN morphologies and predictions of the magnetospheric emission models and (3) discuss the limits on the maximum energies of particles in PWNe from X-ray and gamma-ray observations.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, to appear in AIP Conference Serie

An interesting case of anemia

Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency can result in abnormalities in all cell lines which normalize after cobalamin replacement. Moreover, Andres et al. reported hematological findings in 201 consecutive patients with vitamin B12 deficiency 2. Approximately 10 percent of the patients had life threatening hematological manifestations, including symptomatic pancytopenia (5 percent), "pseudo" thrombotic microangiopathy (2.5 percent), and hemolytic anemia (1.5 percent). A significant proportion of these patients underwent invasive and comprehensive diagnostic panels to rule out other causes of such abnormalities. At times, these patients were misdiagnosed and treated with aggressive measures such as steroids, polyvalent immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis

Issues with scale using very high resolution digital aerial photographs

Abstract only availableThis study involves the use of remote sensing equipment to observe plant communities. A remote sensor is any instrument that gathers information about an object or area from a distance. Advanced cameras, the most common sensors used in aerial study, take photographs capable of revealing objects (vegetation, trees, etc...) only a few millimeters or inches in width from altitudes of 10 to 150 meters. The objective of the projective is to determine the resolution to acquire the photographs. In this study, existing and current images are used to classify the vegetation into the classes as needed. The main goal is to classify the images based on the known targets. Images are taken primarily from helium balloons that have a digital attached to capture the image of the intended area of study. The tools used in this project are ERDAS Imagine 8.6 and ArcGIS for image processing and classifying the images into classes using colors and characteristics of the area and surroundings.Louis Stokes Missouri Alliance for Minority Participatio