The role of stereotactic radiosurgery in the multimodal management of growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenomas

Growth hormone (GH)–secreting pituitary adenomas represent a common source of GH excess in patients with acromegaly. Whereas surgical extirpation of the culprit lesion is considered first-line treatment, as many as 19% of patients develop recurrent symptoms due to regrowth of previously resected adenomatous tissue or to continued growth of the surgically inaccessible tumor. Although medical therapies that suppress GH production can be effective in the management of primary and recurrent acromegaly, these therapies are not curative, and lifelong treatment is required for hormonal control. Stereotactic radiosurgery has emerged as an effective adjunctive treatment modality, and is an appealing alternative to conventional fractionated radiation therapy. The authors reviewed the growing body of literature concerning the role of radiosurgical procedures in the treatment armamentarium of acromegaly, and identified more than 1350 patients across 45 case series. In this review, the authors report that radiosurgery offers true hormonal normalization in 17% to 82% of patients and tumor growth control in 37% to 100% of cases across all series, while minimizing adverse complications. As a result, stereotactic radiosurgery represents a safe and effective treatment option in the multimodal management of primary or recurrent acromegaly secondary to GH-secreting pituitary adenomas

Illinois Forest Game Investigations W-87-R-9, Quarterly Federal Aid Performance Report 1 July - 30 September 1987

Quarterly Federal Aid Performance Report W-87-R-9, 1 July - 30 September 1987; Study No. VII-D Harvest Strategies for Illinois Deer Herds, Urban Deer StudyReport issued on: September 30, 1987INHS Technical Report prepared for unspecified recipien

Letter to Sonora Dodd from Charles H. Martin, June 14, 1935

Letter to Sonora Dodd from Charles H. Martin, with envelope. Charles H. Martin served as Governor of the State of Oregon from 1935 to 1939.https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/fathers-day-correspondence/1047/thumbnail.jp

Annihilators of tensor density modules

AbstractWe describe the two-sided ideals in the universal enveloping algebras of the Lie algebras of vector fields on the line and the circle which annihilate the tensor density modules. Both of these Lie algebras contain the projective subalgebra, a copy of sl2. The restrictions of the tensor density modules to this subalgebra are duals of Verma modules (of sl2) for Vec(R) and principal series modules (of sl2) for Vec(S1). Thus our results are related to the well-known theorem of Duflo describing the annihilating ideals of Verma modules of reductive Lie algebras. We find that, in general, the annihilator of a tensor density module of Vec(R) or Vec(S1) is generated by the Duflo generator of its annihilator over sl2 (the Casimir operator minus a scalar) together with one other generator, a cubic element of U(Vec(R)) not contained in U(sl2)

Charter Schools and Collective Bargaining: Compatible Marriage or Illegitimate Relationship

The rapid increase in charter schools has been fueled by the view that traditional public schools have failed because of their monopoly on public education. Charter schools, freed from the bureaucratic regulation that dominates traditional public schools, are viewed as agents of change that will shock traditional public schools out of their complacency. Among the features of the failed status quo are teacher tenure, uniform salary grids and strict work rules, matters that teacher unions hold dear. Yet unions have begun organizing teacher in charter schools. This development prompts the question whether unionization and charter schools are compatible. In contrast to traditional public schools whose labor relations are based on the traditional industrial labor relations model, charter schools are envisioned as high performance workplaces in which teachers gain enhanced psychological purchase as a result of sharing in the risks of the enterprise. We look to traditional public schools and find exceptions where teachers and their unions have become agents of change and risk takers. We ask why these exceptional cases have not spread more broadly and find the answer in public sector labor law doctrine which has channeled teacher unions away from risk sharing and toward insulating their members from the risks of the enterprise. We then consider the labor law governing charter schools. We discuss whether charter schools are governed by the National Labor Relations Act or state law and survey the different approaches that have developed under state law. We conclude that all of these approaches are based on the industrial relations model which is incompatible with the high performance workplaces envisioned for charter schools. We propose to free charter schools and their teachers from traditional labor law doctrine and propose a new approach to teacher voice that, in keeping with the vision of charter schools as shaking up the status quo by injecting competition, will lead to competition and innovation in teacher involvement in the regulation of their workplaces

FTC Rulemaking Through Negotiation

The Federal Trade Commission, along with other administrative agencies, has been especially affected by the current emphasis on deregulation. Some proponents of the free market system view the Commission as an unnecessary and costly impediment to market functioning. In this article, Professor Koch and Ms. Martin review past FTC regulatory efforts in light of the FTC\u27s mandate: to maintain an efficient, competitive free market Although the FTC has deviated from its market maintenance goal, this deviation should not serve as a basis for constricting Commission rulemaking activity. Rather, the authors demonstrate that past Commission practices illustrate the need for an informal rulemaking procedure that is sensitive to the needs of both consumers and industry