Constraining strangeness in dense matter with GW170817

Particles with strangeness content are predicted to populate dense matter, modifying the equation of state of matter inside neutron stars as well as their structure and evolution. In this work, we show how the modeling of strangeness content in dense matter affects the properties of isolated neutrons stars and the tidal deformation in binary systems. For describing nucleonic and hyperonic stars we use the many-body forces model (MBF) at zero temperature, including the $\phi$ mesons for the description of repulsive hyperon-hyperon interactions. Hybrid stars are modeled using the MIT Bag Model with vector interaction (vMIT) in both Gibbs and Maxwell constructions, for different values of bag constant and vector interaction couplings. A parametrization with a Maxwell construction, which gives rise to third family of compact stars (twin stars), is also investigated. We calculate the tidal contribution that adds to the post-Newtonian point-particle corrections, the associated love number for sequences of stars of different composition (nucleonic, hyperonic, hybrid and twin stars), and determine signatures of the phase transition on the gravitational waves in the accumulated phase correction during the inspirals among different scenarios for binary systems. On the light of the recent results from GW170817 and the implications for the radius of $\sim1.4\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ stars, our results show that hybrid stars can only exist if a phase transition takes place at low densities close to saturation

How a Preschoool Implements and Sustains CREDE Practices.

M.Ed. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017

Recent Developments in Corrosion Resistant Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys

The imporatance of iron and its alloys has resulted in the classification of all the other metals and their alloys as non-ferrous. The later vary widely in their properties and the mechanism of corrosion resistance. Parameters important for the resistance are : physical, chemical, electrochemical, thermodynamic and metall-urgical. The corrosion reaction is primarily electro-chemical and the basic kinetic principles are now rela-tively well understood. The reaction rates, of course, are difficult to predict, being highly dependent upon the nature of the environment, surface, and metallurgical factors. Corrosion control, therefore, remains largely empirical. High strength and are also costly. Research and development on alloys, consequently, dominate the recent literature. The present paper reviews the significant developments from 1966

Recent Developments in Corrosion resistant non-ferrous metals and Alloys

THE importance of iron and its alloys as materials of construction has prompted the classification for metals and alloys as ferrous and non-ferrous : the latter includes all the metals(and their alloys)other than iron. However, iron is basically a rather reactive metal and, except in the passive state, is not suitable for corrosion resistant applications. The non-ferrous metals and alloys have established themselves for this purpose, both as protective coatings for iron or as primary materials of construction in corrosive envir-onments. However, these metals are widely divergent in their chemical and physical properties and a common discussion of their corrosion characteristics is rather dillicult

Gegenbauer-solvable quantum chain model

In an innovative inverse-problem construction the measured, experimental energies $E_1$, $E_2$, ...$E_N$ of a quantum bound-state system are assumed fitted by an N-plet of zeros of a classical orthogonal polynomial $f_N(E)$. We reconstruct the underlying Hamiltonian $H$ (in the most elementary nearest-neighbor-interaction form) and the underlying Hilbert space ${\cal H}$ of states (the rich menu of non-equivalent inner products is offered). The Gegenbauer's ultraspherical polynomials $f_n(x)=C_n^\alpha(x)$ are chosen for the detailed illustration of technicalities.Comment: 29 pp., 1 fi

Anomalous double peak structure in Nb/Ni superconductor/ferromagnet tunneling DOS

We have experimentally investigated the density of states (DOS) in Nb/Ni (S/F) bilayers as a function of Ni thickness, $d_F$. Our thinnest samples show the usual DOS peak at $\pm\Delta_0$, whereas intermediate-thickness samples have an anomalous ``double-peak'' structure. For thicker samples ($d_F \geq 3.5$ nm), we see an ``inverted'' DOS which has previously only been reported in superconductor/weak-ferromagnet structures. We analyze the data using the self-consistent non-linear Usadel equation and find that we are able to quantitatively fit the features at $\pm\Delta_0$ if we include a large amount of spin-orbit scattering in the model. Interestingly, we are unable to reproduce the sub-gap structure through the addition of any parameter(s). Therefore, the observed anomalous sub-gap structure represents new physics beyond that contained in the present Usadel theory.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Short-stay units vs routine admission from the emergency department in patients with acute heart failure: The SSU-AHF randomized clinical trial

IMPORTANCE: More than 80% of patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with acute heart failure (AHF) are hospitalized. With more than 1 million annual hospitalizations for AHF in the US, safe and effective alternatives are needed. Care for AHF in short-stay units (SSUs) may be safe and more efficient than hospitalization, especially for lower-risk patients, but randomized clinical trial data are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of SSU care vs hospitalization in lower-risk patients with AHF. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter randomized clinical trial randomly assigned low-risk patients with AHF 1:1 to SSU or hospital admission from the ED. Patients received follow-up at 30 and 90 days post discharge. The study began December 6, 2017, and was completed on July 22, 2021. The data were analyzed between March 27, 2020, and November 11, 2023. INTERVENTION: Randomized post-ED disposition to less than 24 hours of SSU care vs hospitalization. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The study was designed to detect at least 1-day superiority for a primary outcome of days alive and out of hospital (DAOOH) at 30-day follow-up for 534 participants, with an allowance of 10% participant attrition. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, enrollment was truncated at 194 participants. Before unmasking, the primary outcome was changed from DAOOH to an outcome with adequate statistical power: quality of life as measured by the 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12). The KCCQ-12 scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. RESULTS: Of the 193 patients enrolled (1 was found ineligible after randomization), the mean (SD) age was 64.8 (14.8) years, 79 (40.9%) were women, and 114 (59.1%) were men. Baseline characteristics were balanced between arms. The mean (SD) KCCQ-12 summary score between the SSU and hospitalization arms at 30 days was 51.3 (25.7) vs 45.8 (23.8) points, respectively (P = .19). Participants in the SSU arm had 1.6 more DAOOH at 30-day follow-up than those in the hospitalization arm (median [IQR], 26.9 [24.4-28.8] vs 25.4 [22.0-27.7] days; P = .02). Adverse events were uncommon and similar in both arms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings show that the SSU strategy was no different than hospitalization with regard to KCCQ-12 score, superior for more DAOOH, and safe for lower-risk patients with AHF. These findings of lower health care utilization with the SSU strategy need to be definitively tested in an adequately powered study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03302910

Kinetics of Co-oxidation of Ethylene Glycol & Propan-2-ol by Acid Bromate

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Cylindrical chains of water drops condensing on microstructured lubricant-infused surfaces

We studied the condensation of water drops on a micro-structured lubricant-infused surfaces. Hierarchical micro-prism surfaces were fabricated by soft imprinting with wet TiO2 nanoparticle paste. After hydrophobization, the patterned surfaces were infused with silicone oil as a lubricant. When cooling at high humidity (over 80%), water drops nucleate and start growing on the surface. Once they have reached a certain size, the drops at neighboring channels of the micro-prisms attract each other and spontaneously form cylindrical chains. These chains of drops align perpendicular to the prism array. The morphology and the length-to-width ratio of the chains of drops depend on the thickness of the lubricant layer. This new concept of water drop alignment on lubricant-infused surfaces offers a new route for pattern formation with condensed drops.N