Postpartum Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception in Primiparous Women: Ramathibodi Hospital’s Experiences

Objective: To determine desire and initiation of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) of primiparous women in the postpartum period. Material and Method:A prospective cohort study was conducted at Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, from July 2012 to December 2012. Postpartum women, who were primiparous, aged greater than or equal to 20 years and willing to participate were recruited into this study. Prior to discharge, a structured interview questionnaire was used to determine initial postpartum contraception desires. After discharge, data was collected at 8–12 weeks postpartum using telephone calls to determine postpartum contraception utilization and reasons.Results:Five hundred and two out of 547 women had a documented postpartum visit at 8-12 weeks, giving an overall response rate of 91.8%. Amongst the 197 women (36.0%), who desired LARC prior to discharge, 161 (32.1%) utilized LARC within 8-12 weeks postpartum and the most common reason was no effect on breast-feeding. Injectable was the most common method of LARC used (55.9%). Simultaneous factor associated with desire for LARC prior to discharge and LARC utilization at 8-12 weeks postpartum was occupation. Compared to government officers, employees and housewives, business owners were more likely to desire and utilize LARC.Conclusions: LARC is highly desired and utilized at 8-12 weeks postpartum in primiparous women. Occupation was a predictor of LARC desire and utilization. The most common reason of LARC utilization at 8-12 weeks was no effect on breast-feeding

Label-Free Optical Detection of Biomolecular Translocation through Nanopore Arrays

In recent years, nanopores have emerged as exceptionally promising single-molecule sensors due to their ability to detect biomolecules at subfemtomole levels in a label-free manner. Development of a high-throughput nanopore-based biosensor requires multiplexing of nanopore measurements. Electrical detection, however, poses a challenge, as each nanopore circuit must be electrically independent, which requires complex nanofluidics and embedded electrodes. Here, we present an optical method for simultaneous measurements of the ionic current across an array of solid-state nanopores, requiring no additional fabrication steps. Proof-of-principle experiments are conducted that show simultaneous optical detection and characterization of ssDNA and dsDNA using an array of pores. Through a comparison with electrical measurements, we show that optical measurements are capable of accessing equivalent transmembrane current information

Fabrication of a single sub-micron pore spanning a single crystal (100) diamond membrane and impact on particle translocation

The fabrication of sub-micron pores in single crystal diamond membranes, which span the entirety of the membrane, is described for the first time, and the translocation properties of polymeric particles through the pore investigated. The pores are produced using a combination of laser micromachining to form the membrane and electron beam induced etching to form the pore. Single crystal diamond as the membrane material, has the advantages of chemical stability and durability, does not hydrate and swell, has outstanding electrical properties that facilitate fast, low noise current-time measurements and is optically transparent for combined optical-conductance sensing. The resulting pores are characterized individually using both conductance measurements, employing a microcapillary electrochemical setup, and electron microscopy. Proof-of-concept experiments to sense charged polystyrene particles as they are electrophoretically driven through a single diamond pore are performed, and the impact of this new pore material on particle translocation is explored. These findings reveal the potential of diamond as a platform for pore-based sensing technologies and pave the way for the fabrication of single nanopores which span the entirety of a diamond membrane

Pratiques actuelles et connaissances utiles au médecin généraliste dans le domaine des addictions comportementales : étude chez 53 médecins généralistes du Havre concernant 6 addictions sans drogue (jeu pathologique, achats compulsifs, addiction à l'internet, addiction au travail, addiction à l'exercice physique et addiction au sexe)

Les addictions comportementales, telles que le jeu pathologique, les achats compulsifs, l'addiction à internet, au sexe, au sport et au travail, sont des dépendances aujourd'hui largement répandues et pourtant encore peu connues et recherchées par les médecins de première ligne ; elles sont pourtant à l'origine de nombreuses complications pour les patients qui en souffrent. Pour évaluer la pratique des médecins généralistes dans ce domaine, nous avons réalisé une étude par le biais d'un questionnaire (portant sur les cas rencontrés par les médecins, sur leurs moyens de dépistage et sur les traitements instaurés) auprès des médecins généralistes du Havre. Les résultats montrent que les médecins généralistes sous estiment largement ces pathologies et se sentent parfois mal informés par rapport à ces addictions. Nous réalisons dans un second temps une revue de littérature sur ces 6 addictions comportementales, dans le but de pouvoir déterminer quelles sont les connaissances utiles au médecin généraliste pour une prise en charge efficace de ces patients

Pertubations enzymatiques hépatiques dans le diabète de type II

Le diabète de type 2 peut se compliquer d'atteintes hépatiques, en particulier de stéatose ou de stéatohépatite. On connaît mal la fréquence et l'évolution des perturbations enzymatiques hépatiques chez les patients diabétiques. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective portant sur 103 diabétiques de type 2 déséquilibrés sur 40 mois. Les élévations enzymatiques portaient esseniellement sur les ALAT et les gamma-GT. En l'absence d'insuline, au cours du suivi les enzymes restaient stables ou baissaient. Elles étaient corrélées au BMI, à la triglycéridémie, et à l'évolution de l'HbA1c. Sous insuline, elles tendaient à s'élever, leur évolution étant la plus favorable en cas de baisse des triglycérides. Les antidiabétiques oraux ne semblaient pas influencer l'évolution des taux enzymatiques. Les relations entre enzymes hépatiques, BMI et triglycérides avaient été rapportées par d'autres auteurs. Le caractère longitudinal de notre étude a permis d'avancer le rôle de l'équilibre glycémique chez le diabétique non insulinotraité, et de noter l'absence d'effet bénéfique du traitement insulinique sur les taux enzymatiques.BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

An attempt on rearing a dugong calf (Dugong dugon) and its behaviors

Organized by Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University ; JSPS Bangkok Liaison Office ; Japanese Society of Bio-logging Science ; Informatics Research Center for Development of Knowledge Society InfrastructureDecember 13-15, 2004, Imperial Tara Hotel, Bangkok, ThailandWithin one month, a female dugong calf (Dugong dugon) of 107 cm long had twice been stranded at Paklok sub-district, Phuket province, on 3 February 2004 and 2 March 2004. Firstly, it was released back to the sea and secondly transferred to be reared at Phuket Marine Biological Center. The calf carried a large wound on its muzzle and the wound completely healed after medical care within 2 months. Milk, in a concentration of 15-30 g of powdered milk made up to 100 cc in volume, had been offered to the calf 4-5 times a day, starting from 100 cc and then gradually increasing to 500 cc. Its behaviors were intensively observed 24 hours, 4 times during 15-30 March 2004. It was found that the minimum breathing interval times were 1 second in 24 hours during daytime (06.00-17.59) and 2 seconds during nighttime (18.00-05.59) while the maximum was 559 seconds (24 hours and nighttime). The minimum: maximum numbers of diving time, per hour were 29:97 (24 hours and daytime) and 30:82 (nighttime). It seemed that in a weak condition, the calf frequently surfaced to breath and could not dive for long period as in a normal condition. The gastrointestinal tract and lungs of the calf were severly infected by bacteria and it died after 79 days of the keeping period

Pratiques actuelles et connaissances utiles au médecin généraliste dans le domaine des addictions comportementales (étude chez 53 médecins généralistes du Havre concernant 6 addictions sans drogue (jeu pathologique, achats compulsifs, addiction à l internet, addiction au travail, addiction à l exercice physique et addiction au sexe))

Les addictions comportementales, telles que le jeu pathologique, les achats compulsifs, l addiction à internet, au sexe, au sport et au travail, sont des dépendances aujourd hui largement répandues et pourtant encore peu connues et recherchées par les médecins de première ligne ; elles sont pourtant à l origine de nombreuses complications pour les patients qui en souffrent. Pour évaluer la pratique des médecins généralistes dans ce domaine, nous avons réalisé une étude par le biais d un questionnaire (portant sur les cas rencontrés par les médecins, sur leurs moyens de dépistage et sur les traitements instaurés) auprès des médecins généralistes du Havre. Les résultats montrent que les médecins généralistes sous estiment largement ces pathologies et se sentent parfois mal informés par rapport à ces addictions. Nous réalisons dans un second temps une revue de littérature sur ces 6 addictions comportementales, dans le but de pouvoir déterminer quelles sont les connaissances utiles au médecin généraliste pour une prise en charge efficace de ces patients.ROUEN-BU Médecine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Investigation and predictation of optimum meandering turn number of vertical and horizontal closed-loop pulsating heat pipes

The objectives of this study are to experimentally investigate the effect of meandering turn numbers on thermal performance and to predict the optimum meandering turn number of vertical and horizontal closed-loop pulsating heat pipes. The closed-loop pulsating heat pipes were made from a Cu capillary tube with internal diameter of 2.0 mm. The closed-loop pulsating heat pipes were bent into undulating tubes with various meandering turn numbers, such as 5, 7, 10, 16, and 30. Each set of the closed-loop pulsating heat pipes had different evaporator section lengths of 50 mm and 150 mm. Heat input was supplied to the closed-loop pulsating heat pipe by allowing the flow of distilled water as the heating medium through the evaporator section. The adiabatic section temperature was constantly controlled at 50°C. It could be concluded that the optimum meandering turn number of vertical closed-loop pulsating heat pipes with an evaporator section length of 50 mm is 10 for both R123 and water, and the optimum meandering turn numbers of vertical closed-loop pulsating heat pipes with an evaporator section length of 150 mm are 5 and 10, respectively, for R123 and water. However, the optimum meandering turn number of the horizontal closed-loop pulsating heat pipes could not be found since the heat flux directly varies with the turn number. In addition, the correlation to predict the optimum meandering turn number of the vertical closed-loop pulsating heat pipes was successfully established