208 research outputs found
Thermodynamic Mechanism of Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication Cooling Grinding and Temperature Field Models
Grinding is an indispensable form of machining, in which, a large amount of heat is transferred into workpiece surface, causing surface burn of the workpiece. Flood grinding is easy to cause pollution to the environment while dry grinding and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is insufficient of cooling and lubrication effect. The appearance of nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication cooling (NMQLC) technique can effectively solve the problem of heat transfer in grinding zone and also enhance the lubrication characteristics. In this chapter, NMQLC technique, including nanofluid preparation and atomization is summarized first; then a review on the mechanism of grinding thermodynamics under NMQLC condition is presented based on published literatures. Most of the studies, including investigation of grinding forces and temperatures, indicate that NMQLC has realized a lubrication-cooling effect close to that of flood lubrication. According to existing investigations, theoretical models of temperature field are concluded, heat source distribution model, thermal distribution coefficient model, and heat transfer coefficient model under NMQLC condition are developed, and temperature field control equation are determined. This chapter reviews and amasses the current state of the mechanism of grinding thermodynamics and also recommends ways to precision control the grinding temperature field
Resistin stimulates expression of chemokine genes in chondrocytes via combinatorial regulation of C/EBPβ and NF-κB
To further investigate the regulation role of two chemokine genes CCL3 and CCL4 in chondrocytes in response to resistin, human primary chondrocytes and T/C-28a2 cells were cultured. The function of resistin on the chemokine genes, and the expression of C/EBPβ, NF-κB isoforms were tested using qPCR. The methods used to investigate timed co-regulation of C/EBPβ and NF-κB were NF-κB inhibitor (IKK-NBD) and C/EBPβ inhibitor (SB303580) treatments, and subcellular localization, with or without resistin stimulation. Results showed that resistin could increase the up-regulation of chemokine genes independently. Resistin increased the expression of C/EBPβ and NF-κB isoforms. C/EBPβ regulated basal activity and steadily increased over time up to 24h with resistin. NF-κB was up-regulated upon induction with resistin, peaking at 4 h. C/EBPβ and NF-κB co-enhanced the chemokines expression; inhibition of their activity was additive. The timing of activation in chondrocytes was confirmed by subcellular localization of C/EBPβ and c-rel. Chondrocytes react to resistin in a non-restricted cell-specific manner, utilizing C/EBPβ and NF-κB in a combinatorial regulation of chemokine gene expression. The activity of C/EBPβ is augmented by a transient increase in activity of NF-κB, and both transcription factors act independently on the chemokine genes, CCL3 and CCL4. Thus, resistin stimulates CCL3 and CCL4 through combinatorial regulation of C/EBPβ and NF-κB in chondrocytes
Neural-Singular-Hessian: Implicit Neural Representation of Unoriented Point Clouds by Enforcing Singular Hessian
Neural implicit representation is a promising approach for reconstructing
surfaces from point clouds. Existing methods combine various regularization
terms, such as the Eikonal and Laplacian energy terms, to enforce the learned
neural function to possess the properties of a Signed Distance Function (SDF).
However, inferring the actual topology and geometry of the underlying surface
from poor-quality unoriented point clouds remains challenging. In accordance
with Differential Geometry, the Hessian of the SDF is singular for points
within the differential thin-shell space surrounding the surface. Our approach
enforces the Hessian of the neural implicit function to have a zero determinant
for points near the surface. This technique aligns the gradients for a
near-surface point and its on-surface projection point, producing a rough but
faithful shape within just a few iterations. By annealing the weight of the
singular-Hessian term, our approach ultimately produces a high-fidelity
reconstruction result. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our
approach effectively suppresses ghost geometry and recovers details from
unoriented point clouds with better expressiveness than existing fitting-based
methods
Content-Dependent Fine-Grained Speaker Embedding for Zero-Shot Speaker Adaptation in Text-to-Speech Synthesis
Zero-shot speaker adaptation aims to clone an unseen speaker's voice without
any adaptation time and parameters. Previous researches usually use a speaker
encoder to extract a global fixed speaker embedding from reference speech, and
several attempts have tried variable-length speaker embedding. However, they
neglect to transfer the personal pronunciation characteristics related to
phoneme content, leading to poor speaker similarity in terms of detailed
speaking styles and pronunciation habits. To improve the ability of the speaker
encoder to model personal pronunciation characteristics, we propose
content-dependent fine-grained speaker embedding for zero-shot speaker
adaptation. The corresponding local content embeddings and speaker embeddings
are extracted from a reference speech, respectively. Instead of modeling the
temporal relations, a reference attention module is introduced to model the
content relevance between the reference speech and the input text, and to
generate the fine-grained speaker embedding for each phoneme encoder output.
The experimental results show that our proposed method can improve speaker
similarity of synthesized speeches, especially for unseen speakers.Comment: Submitted to Interspeech 202
Human Pose Estimation from Monocular Images : a Comprehensive Survey
Human pose estimation refers to the estimation of the location of body parts and how they are connected in an image. Human pose estimation from monocular images has wide applications (e.g., image indexing). Several surveys on human pose estimation can be found in the literature, but they focus on a certain category; for example, model-based approaches or human motion analysis, etc. As far as we know, an overall review of this problem domain has yet to be provided. Furthermore, recent advancements based on deep learning have brought novel algorithms for this problem. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of human pose estimation from monocular images is carried out including milestone works and recent advancements. Based on one standard pipeline for the solution of computer vision problems, this survey splits the problema into several modules: feature extraction and description, human body models, and modelin methods. Problem modeling methods are approached based on two means of categorization in this survey. One way to categorize includes top-down and bottom-up methods, and another way includes generative and discriminative methods. Considering the fact that one direct application of human pose estimation is to provide initialization for automatic video surveillance, there are additional sections for motion-related methods in all modules: motion features, motion models, and motion-based methods. Finally, the paper also collects 26 publicly available data sets for validation and provides error measurement methods that are frequently used
Response, Tolerance and Adaptation to Abiotic Stress of Olive, Grapevine and Chestnut in the Mediterranean Region: Role of Abscisic Acid, Nitric Oxide and MicroRNAs
Material Removal Mechanism and Force Model of Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication Grinding
Numerous researchers have developed theoretical and experimental approaches to force prediction in surface grinding under dry conditions. Nevertheless, the combined effect of material removal and plastic stacking on grinding force model has not been investigated. In addition, predominant lubricating conditions, such as flood, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL), have not been considered in existing force models. In this study, material removal mechanism under different lubricating conditions was researched. An improved theoretical force model that considers material removal and plastic stacking mechanisms was presented. Grain states, including cutting and ploughing, are determined by cutting efficiency (β). The influence of lubricating conditions was also considered in the proposed force model. Simulation was performed to obtain the cutting depth (a
g) of each “dynamic active grain.” Parameter β was introduced to represent the plastic stacking rate and determine the force algorithms of each grain. The aggregate force was derived through the synthesis of each single-grain force. Finally, pilot experiments were conducted to test the theoretical model. Findings show that the model’s predictions were consistent with the experimental results, with average errors of 4.19% and 4.31% for the normal and tangential force components, respectively
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