75,376 research outputs found
Spin relaxation in diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dots
Electron spin relaxation induced by phonon-mediated s-d exchange interaction
in a II-VI diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum dot is investigated
theoretically. The electron-acoustic phonon interaction due to piezoelectric
coupling and deformation potential is included. The resulting spin lifetime is
typically on the order of microseconds. The effectiveness of the
phonon-mediated spin-flip mechanism increases with increasing Mn concentration,
electron spin splitting, vertical confining strength and lateral diameter,
while it shows non-monotonic dependence on the magnetic field and temperature.
An interesting finding is that the spin relaxation in a small quantum dot is
suppressed for strong magnetic field and low Mn concentration at low
temperature.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Ultimate intrinsic-coercivity samarium-cobalt magnet: An Earth-based feasibility study for space-shuttle missions
Techniques for containerless melting and solidification of the samarium-cobalt alloy without excessive oxidation were developed. The rationale for extending these experiments in a weightless environment is also discussed. The effect of oxygen content from 0.15 to 0.63 weight percent and grain size in the range of 2 to 10 micrometers has been examined on arc-plasma-sprayed SmCo5 magnets. Contrary to expectations, the larger grain sizes tended to improve the coercivities. This was attributed to an increase in homogeneity resulting from higher temperature treatments used to produce larger grain size. No significant differences in coercivity were observed on the basis of oxygen content in the range examined. It is expected that more meaningful data on the relationship between oxygen content and coercivity will be seen when the oxygen content can be lowered to less than 0.1 weight percent
QCD Radiative Corrections to the Leptonic Decay Rate of the B_c Meson
The QCD radiative corrections to the leptonic decay rate of the meson
are calculated using the formalism of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) to separate
short-distance and long-distance effects. The decay constant is factored
into a sum of NRQCD matrix elements each multiplied by a short-distance
coefficient. The short-distance coefficient for the leading matrix element is
calculated to order by matching a perturbative calculation in full
QCD with the corresponding perturbative calculation in NRQCD. This
short-distance correction decreases the leptonic decay rate by approximately
.Comment: Changed Eq. 2 to read 1/(8 \pi), put in a missing i M_{B_c} in Eq.
18, and put in a normalisation factor of 2 M_{B_c} in Eq. 19
Ultimate intrinsic coercivity samarian-cobalt magnet. An Earth based feasibility study for Space Shuttle missions
Techniques for the electromagnetic containerless reaction of samarium with cobalt for the formation of samarium-cobalt alloys are summarized. The effort expended to reduce and instrument the oxygen partial pressure in the reaction chamber and coolant gas system are described as well as the experiments in which these improvements were shown to be partially effective. A stainless steel glove box capable of being evacuated to low 10 to the -6th torr pressure and refilled with ultra-pure argon was built and installed. Necessary accessories to perform SmCo5 powder preparation, compaction and subsequent encapsulation of the powder inside a hot isostatic pressing cannister were designed, built, and incorporated into the chamber. All accessories were tested for proper functioning inside the chamber. Using the facility, the first batch of densified SmCo5 powder was fabricated to near total density. Analysis of the densified compacts shows that oxygen contamination during fabrication was near zero
Heterostructure solar cells
The performance of gallium arsenide solar cells grown on Ge substrates is discussed. In some cases the substrate was thinned to reduce overall cell weight with good ruggedness. The conversion efficiency of 2 by 2 cm cells under AMO reached 17.1 percent with a cell thickness of 6 mils. The work described forms the basis for future cascade cell structures, where similar interconnecting problems between the top cell and the bottom cell must be solved. Applications of the GaAs/Ge solar cell in space and the expected payoffs are discussed
The NLO QCD Corrections to Meson Production in Decays
The decay width of to meson is evaluated at the next-to-leading
order(NLO) accuracy in strong interaction. Numerical calculation shows that the
NLO correction to this process is remarkable. The quantum
chromodynamics(QCD)renormalization scale dependence of the results is obviously
depressed, and hence the uncertainties lying in the leading order calculation
are reduced.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures; references added; expressions and typos ammende
Optical amplification enhancement in photonic crystals
Improving and controlling the efficiency of a gain medium is one of the most
challenging problems of laser research. By measuring the gain length in an opal
based photonic crystal doped with laser dye, we demonstrate that optical
amplification is more than twenty-fold enhanced along the Gamma-K symmetry
directions of the face centered cubic photonic crystal. These results are
theoretically explained by directional variations of the density of states,
providing a quantitative connection between density of the states and light
amplification
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