A Critical Race Theory Analysis of Post-Ferguson Critical Incidents Across Ecological Levels of Academia

In this article, we explore our experience walking into the academic school year eager and ready for the challenge of taking up the killing of Michael Brown and the events that followed in Ferguson as a catalyst for important conversations around structural injustice. Through exploration of critical incidents (Hamilton, 2004), we review how our attempts to open dialogue were met with defensiveness and a discourse that relegates the responsibility of engaging in conversations about race and power to educators of color. Echoing Pollock, Bocala, Deckman, and Dickstein-Staub (2015), we found that teachers at all levels may resist the ‘diversity’ aspect of preservice education when they view ‘diversity work’ as extraneous or belonging to others. Through a Critical Race Theory (CRT) perspective, we examine incidents that cut across the different ecological levels (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) in which we work, that is, our classrooms, partner public schools, and university. We use a CRT perspective across levels to explore how Michael Brown’s killing and the events that followed in Ferguson, rather than igniting a shared sense of responsibility among educators across these communities, triggered White students’ and teachers’ defense mechanisms, founded on the need to protect Whiteness as illustrated across the three critical incidents we describe

Wallenberg's Syndrome: An Unusual Case of Dysphagia

A 56-year-old man presented with sudden-onset oropharyngeal dysphagia and vomiting of central etiology. Neurological evaluation showed uvula deviation to the left, paresis of the mid-right portion of the soft palate, lateralization of gaze to the right side, and dysphonia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an infarction in the left lateral medullary region, therefore the diagnosis of Wallenberg's syndrome was established. The neurological issues along with the dysphagia gradually improved and the patient was discharged

Teacher Educator Identity in a Culture of Iterative Teacher Education Program Design: A Collaborative Self-Study

Faculty in the School of Education at our institution have collaborated to re-envision teacher education at our university. A complex, dynamic, time-consuming and sometimes painstaking process, redesigning a teacher education program from a traditional approach (i.e., where courses focus primarily on theoretical principles of practice through textbooks and University-based classroom discussions), to a model of teacher education that embraces teaching, learning and leading with schools and in communities is challenging, yet exciting work. Little is known about teacher educators’ experiences as they either design or deliver collaborative field-based models of teacher education. In this article, we examine our experiences in the second implementation year of our redesigned teacher education program, Teaching, Learning, and Leading with Schools and Communities (TLLSC) and how these unique experiences inform our teacher educator identities. Through a collaborative self-study, we sought to make meaning of our transformation from a faculty delivering a traditional model to educators collectively implementing a field-based model, by analyzing the diverse perspectives of faculty at different entry points in the TLLSC development and implementation process. We found that our participation in an intensive field-based teacher preparation model challenged our notions of teacher educator identity. In a culture of iterative program design this study documents the personal and professional shifts in identity required to accomplish this collaborative and dynamic change in approach to teacher education

Fuera de lugar: Undocumented Students, Dislocation, and the Search for Belonging

This article presents findings from a Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) study on the experiences of six undocumented college students at a community college in the Midwest United States. We focused on two main research questions: What are some of the key developmental experiences of undocumented youth? What is the impact of these experiences on the students’ identity and sense of belonging in educational spaces, especially as they transition to college? The findings illustrate the experiences of the six participant coresearchers (PCRs) as they navigated the messy, fragile, and shifting nature of belonging. A common thread in their narratives was the recurrence across their young lives of moments of dislocation (or “being-out-of-place”) associated with their undocumented status. These moments of dislocation barred these undocumented students from fully inhabiting both educational and noneducational spaces; in addition, they affected their ability to develop a sense of belonging as they transitioned to the college environment. Dislocation entails a degree of vulnerability and liminality that is not necessarily encompassed in current models of student development theory, nor considered in institutional support structures created with majority-population students in mind. We argue that institutional agents require sensitivity to the multiple types of dislocation that undocumented youth may experience within and beyond educational settings

Systems-Based Design of Bi-Ligand Inhibitors of Oxidoreductases: Filling the Chemical Proteomic Toolbox

Genomics-driven growth in the number of enzymes of unknown function has created a need for better strategies to characterize them. Since enzyme inhibitors have traditionally served this purpose, we present here an efficient systems-based inhibitor design strategy, enabled by bioinformatic and NMR structural developments. First, we parse the oxidoreductase gene family into structural subfamilies termed pharmacofamilies, which share pharmacophore features in their cofactor binding sites. Then we identify a ligand for this site and use NMR-based binding site mapping (NMR SOLVE) to determine where to extend a combinatorial library, such that diversity elements are directed into the adjacent substrate site. The cofactor mimic is reused in the library in a manner that parallels the reuse of cofactor domains in the oxidoreductase gene family. A library designed in this manner yielded specific inhibitors for multiple oxidoreductases

Transfers from Older Parents to Their Adult Children in Taiwan and the Philippines

This study examines the extent to which olderparents provide material resources and servicesto their children in the Philippines andTaiwan, and the influence of coresidence onreported transfers between parents and theiradult children. The data used in the analysesare from two nationally representativehousehold surveys of persons aged 60 and olderin the Philippines and Taiwan. Results showthat almost half of older parents in thePhilippines provide resources to non-coresidentchildren and only 4 percent of older Taiwaneseparents currently make such transfers. Whentransfers with coresident children areincluded, older parents show much greaterinvolvement in family support: 69 and 14percent of older parents in the Philippines andTaiwan, respectively, say they make transfersto children. The difference between the twomeasures diminishes with age, however, asoverall levels of giving decline. Results frommultivariate models show that while bothmeasures are associated in similar ways withkey factors such as age, health, gender, andeconomic resources, the association betweenliving arrangements and intergenerationaltransfers varies across measures. Theseresults suggest that older adults' in thesecountries tend to exhibit a preference fortransfers to the children with whom they live,and that coresidence with grandchildren may bean indirect transfer of services tonon-coresident adult children.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42984/1/10823_2004_Article_457546.pd

Intakes of major food groups in China and UK: results from 100,000 adults in the China Kadoorie biobank and UK biobank

PURPOSE: Different populations may exhibit differences in dietary intakes, which may result in heterogeneities in diet-disease associations. We compared intakes of major food groups overall, by sex, and by socio-economic status (SES) (defined as both education and income), between participants in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and the UK Biobank (UKB). METHODS: Data were from ~ 25,000 CKB participants who completed a validated interviewer-administered computer-based questionnaire (2013-2014) and ~ 74,000 UKB participants who completed ≥ 3 web-based 24-h dietary assessments (2009-2012). Intakes of 12 major food groups and five beverages were harmonized and compared between the cohorts overall, by sex and by SES. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression examined the associations between dietary intakes and body mass index (BMI) in each cohort. RESULTS: CKB participants reported consuming more rice, eggs, vegetables, soya products, and less wheat, other staple foods (other than rice and wheat), fish, poultry, all dairy products, fruit, and beverages compared to UKB participants. Red meat intake was similar in both cohorts. Having a higher SES was generally associated with a higher consumption of foods and beverages in CKB, whereas in UKB dietary intakes differed more by education and income, with a positive association observed for meat and income in both UKB and CKB but an inverse association observed for education in UKB. Associations of dietary intakes with BMI varied between the two cohorts. CONCLUSION: The large differences in dietary intakes and their associations with SES and BMI could provide insight into the interpretation of potentially different diet-disease associations between CKB and UKB

Nanoporous Silicified Phospholipids and Application to Controlled Glycolic Acid Release

This work demonstrates the synthesis and characterization of novel nanoporous silicified phospholipid bilayers assembled inorganic powders. The materials are obtained by silicification process with silica precursor at the hydrophilic region of phospholipid bilayers. This process involves the co-assembly of a chemically active phospholipids bilayer within the ordered porosity of a silica matrix and holds promise as a novel application for controlled drug release or drug containers with a high level of specificity and throughput. The controlled release application of the synthesized materials was achieved to glycolic acid, and obtained a zero-order release pattern due to the nanoporosity

Reactantes de fase aguda en pacientes hemodializados

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted according to a quanti-qualitative strategy in the Nephrology Department of the Arnaldo Milian Castro Provincial University Hospital in Santa Clara from February 2011 to February 2012 in order to describe the levels of some acute phase reactants in chronic renal patients that undergo hemodialysis in this institution. All these patients (147) were studied. The ages between 45-64 years predominated, as well as males and white skin patients. The main causes of chronic kidney disease were diabetic and hypertensive renal disease, with less than one year of treatment. Comorbidities such as hypertension and hepatitis C were significant. Arteriovenous fistula was found to be the most commonly used type of vascular access. And among the acute phase reactants studied, C-reactive protein, α1-antitrypsin and fibrinogen were noteworthy by the significant increase of its levels. The levels of the complement (C3 and C4) and ceruloplasmin were not significant. In general, pathological values were not correlated with age, vascular access type or the presence of hepatitis C; and they were associated significantly to periods of less than three years on hemodialysis. It is recommended considering C-reactive protein as the most appropriate acute phase reactant in clinical practice for solitary kidney patients undergoing dialysis, and the systematizing the use of C-reactive protein, α1-antitrypsin and fibrinogen in their evaluation.  Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo que responde a una estrategia cuanticualitativa en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Provincial Universitario “Arnaldo Milián Castro” de Santa Clara de febrero de 2011 hasta febrero de 2012 para describir los niveles de algunos reactantes de fase aguda en pacientes renales crónicos que se hemodializan en dicho centro. Se estudió la totalidad (147) de dichos pacientes; predominaron las edades entre 45 a 64 años, el sexo masculino y la piel blanca; la mayoría tuvo como causa de la enfermedad renal crónica las nefropatías hipertensiva y diabética, con menos de un año de tratamiento; se destacaron como comorbilidades la hipertensión arterial y la hepatitis C; se constató la fístula arteriovenosa como el tipo de acceso vascular más empleado y, entre los reactantes de fase aguda estudiados, destacaron la proteína C reactiva, la α1-antitripsina y el fibrinógeno por la elevación significativa de sus niveles -resultaron no significativos los niveles de complemento (C3 y C4) y la ceruloplasmina-. En general, los valores patológicos no se correlacionaron con la edad, el tipo de acceso vascular y la presencia de hepatitis C y se asociaron, significativamente, a períodos inferiores a tres años en hemodiálisis. Se recomienda considerar la proteína C reactiva como el reactante de fase aguda más apropiado en la práctica clínica ante pacientes renales en régimen dialítico y sistematizar la indicación de proteína C reactiva, de α1-antitripsina y de fibrinógeno en su evaluación