Quantifying the effect of multiple load flexibility strategies on commercial building electricity demand and services via surrogate modeling

The expansion of commercial building demand response as a demand-side management resource for the electric grid necessitates new decision support resources for customers seeking to assess the benefit–risk tradeoffs of possible strategies for energy flexible building operations. To address this need, we develop surrogate models that predict the impacts of several load flexibility strategies on commercial building electricity demand and indoor temperature, focusing on offices and retail buildings at multiple scales. The surrogate models are fit to a synthetic database generated via whole building simulations, which establish the relationships between the key operational features of a given strategy and potential changes in building demand and temperature across a variety of contexts. The surrogate models are translated to a Bayesian framework to allow straightforward communication of uncertainty and parameter updating given new evidence. We find strong predictive performance across the suite of models, underscoring the usefulness of the approach in guiding decisions about implementing load flexibility strategies under a particular set of operational and environmental conditions

ESTIMASI POSISI OBJEK BERDASARKAN PADA STEREO VISION SYSTEM

ESTIMASI POSISI OBJEK BERDASARKAN PADA STEREO VISION SYSTEM

Automatic Blood Collection and Mixer in A Blood Transfusion System Equipped with Barrier Indicators

A blood collection monitor is a device used to measure and shake the blood bag during a blood transfusion so that the blood in the bag does not clot and is mixed with anticoagulant fluid in the bag properly. This study aims to design an automatic blood collection and mixer for the transfusion blood system. The advantage of the proposed design is accompanied by a safety system in the form of a barrier indicator that is connected to an alarm. The alarm served to give a warning to blood donors if there is an obstacle or there is no increase in volume as much as 20ml for 1 minute as recommended by the world blood bank association. This device can work with three different sizes of blood bags. In this study, a loadcell sensor is used to detect the amount of blood fluid that enters the bag. Furthermore, then it is converted into milliliter volume. In order to collect the blood, a shaker is drove using a motor controlled by Arduino microcontroller. From the measurement, for the entire size of the blood bag, we found that the deviation is 0, UA is 0, and the average error is 0. Thus, it can be concluded that this device can be used properly. In the future, it can be developed a blood infusion with the flowrate measurement to determine the speed of blood during donatio

Ten questions concerning agent-based modeling of occupant behavior for energy and environmental performance of buildings

The complexity of occupant behavior is one of the major contributors to uncertainty in building performance simulation. Agent-based modeling (ABM), a computational simulation technique, has gained attention in the occupant modeling field due to its capability and flexibility to capture the heterogeneity and dynamics of human behavior and the emergent effects. While multiple efforts in the past decade have demonstrated the usefulness of the ABM approach for simulating occupants and their impacts on building performance, several crucial matters in the ABM research still remain unexplored. This paper presents ten questions that highlight the most important issues regarding ABM research and applications for occupant behavior in the context of building performance simulation. The questions and answers aim to provide insights into current and future ABM research, and more importantly to inspire new significant questions from young researchers in the field. This research is part of the IEA EBC Annex 79 project, occupant-centric building design and operation

US building energy efficiency and flexibility as an electric grid resource

Buildings use 75% of US electricity; therefore, improving the efficiency and flexibility of building operations could provide significant value to the rapidly changing electricity system. Here, we estimate the technical potential near- and long-term impacts of best-available building efficiency and flexibility measures on annual electricity use and hourly demand across the contiguous United States. Co-deployment of building efficiency and flexibility avoids up to 742 TWh of annual electricity use and 181 GW of daily net peak load in 2030, rising to 800 TWh and 208 GW by 2050; at least 59 GW and 69 GW of the peak reductions are dispatchable. Implementing efficiency measures alongside flexibility measures reduces the potential for off-peak load increases, underscoring limitations on load shifting in efficient buildings. Overall, however, we find a substantial building-grid resource that could reduce future fossil-fired generation needs while also reducing dependence on energy storage with increasing variable renewable energy penetration

TRAUMA HEALING DAN PENDEKATAN KONSELING DALAM MENGHADAPI QADARULLAH

Pada zaman sekarang ini, para muda-mudi sering membicarakan topik berupa healing dan self-healing. Terutama bagi mereka yang tengah berada di situasi terpuruk, misalnya putus cinta, perceraian, terkena musibah, dan peristiwa traumatis apapun itu. Bahkan perasaan lelah akan beban kerja di kantor juga sering menjadikan mereka melakukan proses healing ini. Mereka berupaya serius supaya situasi terpuruk tersebut dapat “lepas” dari kehidupan sehari-hari. Banyak cara yang dilakukan dalam upaya healing ini, salah satunya yang paling kerap dilakukan adalah berlibur. Trauma adalah reaksi emosional terhadap peristiwa mengerikan seperti kecelakaan, pemerkosaan, dan bencana alam. Itu tergantung pada metode perawatannya, yaitu penyembuhan trauma atau trauma healing. Setelah mengalami salah satu dari peristiwa ini, seseorang cenderung penuh dengan keterkejutan dan penolakan. Reaksi jangka panjang dapat mencakup emosi yang tidak terduga, kilas balik, hubungan yang tegang, dan bahkan gejala fisik seperti sakit kepala dan mual. Kondisi ini normal karena trauma dapat menyerang siapa saja, tetapi beberapa orang mungkin mengalami kesulitan untuk melanjutkan hidupnya. Trauma healing adalah suatu proses memulihkan emosi korban dari ketakutan di masa lalu. Dengan cara ini, mereka bisa bertahan hidup kembali tanpa bayang-bayang masa lalu. Pada umumnya, para korban sering merasa mengenang kembali peristiwa itu, mengingatnya dengan mimpi buruk, dan menghindari dikaitkan dengan peristiwa traumatis. Untuk mengatasinya, ada terapi trauma psikologis yang bisa diikuti. Oleh karena itu, salah satu cara untuk mengatasinya adalah dengan menyembuhkan trauma tersebut. Jadi, trauma healing merupakan proses penyembuhan pasca trauma yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk melanjutkan hidupnya tanpa bayang-bayang suatu kejadian tersebut lagi