Groundwater Contamination and Pollution Prone Zones of Northern Part of Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) Watershed, Bangalore North using Remote Sensing and GIS

Hydro-Geochemical study of part of Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) watershed comprising two adjacent third order basins has been carried out. There are Twenty one water bodies including two major tanks viz., Singanayakanahalli kere and Gantiganahalli in the study area. Basin morphometry, geology, soil, slope, land use / land cover, transmissivity, depth to first fracture, depth to second fracture, depth to third fracture, resultant layers of Electrical Resistivity Survey which includes Resistivity of Soil, weathered zone, Bedrock, thickness of soil and weathered zone studied in detail using experimental data, Remote Sensing and GIS. Land use/ land cover both regional and around the contaminated bore wells have been studied. Nine borewell water samples collected and analysed for their physico-chemical parameters to understand the groundwater quality. Heavy metals like lead, zinc, copper, Iron, cadmium also analysed. Iron and Nitrate crosses the permissible limit in two bore wells. The details of land use / land cover around the bore wells have been used to identify the sources of contamination. The presence of big factories as well as small scale industries, agricultural practices, waste dumpsites, residential patches, vehicular traffic, vehicle garages, gasoline stations, quarries, air base, firing ranges, air traffic, asphalt manufacturing units, solar lamp manufacturing unit in and around the study area is playing a devil role in contaminating the water. Pollution Prone Zones have been delineated and validated. A comparative analysis of contaminated region and pollution prone zones has been made and it is matching with marginal exception

Study of Urbanization and its Effect on Water Resources in Yale Mallappa Shetty Kere Watershed, Bangalore North Taluk Using Remote Sensing and GIS

The study area comprises of Hebbal and Rachenahalli valley. The present condition of storm water drains, surface water bodies and the quality of the ground water has been studied in Yale mallappa Shetty Kere (YMSK) watershed. 1st order streams are encroached in developing of layouts and surface water bodies vanished due to urbanization. The study of toposheets (1:50,000) reveals YMSK consists of 86 Water bodies (WB) in 286 km2. The study of toposheets in 1:25,000 and Remote Sensing data reveals that YMSK consists of 195 WB (including tiny water bodies). The urbanized area covers the town places like satellite town Yalahanka in the North; Hebbal in the south-east and Krishna Rajapuram in the west. The effect of urbanization has created the havoc in managing and maintaining the storm water drains, surface water and quality of ground water. RS & GIS has effectively used in findings for streams encroachment & LU-LC process

Structure and Magnetization of Two-Dimensional Vortex Arrays in the Presence of Periodic Pinning

Ground-state properties of a two-dimensional system of superconducting vortices in the presence of a periodic array of strong pinning centers are studied analytically and numerically. The ground states of the vortex system at different filling ratios are found using a simple geometric argument under the assumption that the penetration depth is much smaller than the spacing of the pin lattice. The results of this calculation are confirmed by numerical studies in which simulated annealing is used to locate the ground states of the vortex system. The zero-temperature equilibrium magnetization as a function of the applied field is obtained by numerically calculating the energy of the ground state for a large number of closely spaced filling ratios. The results show interesting commensurability effects such as plateaus in the B-H diagram at simple fractional filling ratios.Comment: 12 pages, 19 figures, submitted for publicatio

Impact of Climate Change on Host-Pathogen Interacons and its Implicaons on Crop Disease

Not AvailableNatural and human activities have increased the greenhouse emissions and st it will continue to boost global temperature in the 21 century. In this paper, we discuss the profound impact of climate on plant diseases — if the climatic conditions are not favourable to disease, a vulnerable host will not be infected by a virulent pathogen. Variable concentrations of CO , temperature, and availability 2 of water may induce positive, neutral, or negative effects on disease development. Nevertheless, the basic concept of interactions of host-pathogen-environment may theoretically be applied to all pathosystems. Environmental factors also inuence different pathways of plant resistance viz., pathogen pattern-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity, RNA interference, and other networks of defence-related hormones. On the pathogen hand, temperature and humidity affect the processes of virulence, such as the development of toxins and virulence proteins, as well as reproduction and survival of pathogenic substances. Most of the laboratory works so far conducted on molecular-level plant-pathogen interactions focused on a few well-established pathosystems and static environmental conditions that represent just a fraction of the whole gamut of complex plant-pathogen-environmental interactions that occur in nature. To address the impacts of climate change on host plant resistance, the future work is urgently required to understand the complex plant-pathogen interactions under variable environmental conditions to understand the multidimensional nature of the interactions and develop climate-ready disease-resistant crop plants.Not Availabl

Climate Change and Indian Agriculture: Challenges and Adaptation Strategies

Not AvailableNoNatural and human activities have increased the greenhouse emissions and st it will continue to boost global temperature in the 21 century. In this paper, we discuss the profound impact of climate on plant diseases — if the climatic conditions are not favourable to disease, a vulnerable host will not be infected by a virulent pathogen. Variable concentrations of CO , temperature, and availability 2 of water may induce positive, neutral, or negative effects on disease development. Nevertheless, the basic concept of interactions of host-pathogen-environment may theoretically be applied to all pathosystems. Environmental factors also int AvailableDirector ICAR-NAARM Hyderabad - 500 03