Cadaveric Study of Zone 2 Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Sheath

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the zone 2 flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon sheath. Methods: Dissection of the zone 2 FHL tendon sheath was performed in 12 feet of 6 cadavers. The tendon sheath was subdivided into proximal fibrous (zone 2A) and distal fascial (zone 2B) parts. The lengths of the zone 2A and 2B FHL tendon were measured and represented the length of the corresponding tendon sheaths, and the relation of the medial plantar nerve to each part of the zone 2 FHL tendon sheath was studied. Results: In all specimens there were fibrous and fascial components of the zone 2 FHL tendon sheath. The medial plantar nerve crossed the zone 2B tendon sheaths and then became plantar lateral to the sheath in 7 specimens. The distance between the medial plantar nerve and the orifice of the zone 2A tendon sheath averaged 7.6 mm. The distance between the medial plantar nerve and the junction between zones 2A and 2B averaged 3.2 mm. The distance between the medial plantar nerve and the distal end of the zone 2B tendon sheath averaged 4.2 mm. The mean length of the zone 2A tendon sheath was 35.9 mm, and the mean length of the zone 2B tendon sheath was 30.5 mm. Conclusions: The zone 2 FHL tendon sheath can be subdivided into a proximal fibrous zone (2A) and a distal fascial zone (2B). Because of the close proximity of the medial plantar nerve to the tendon sheath, there is a significant risk of iatrogenic nerve injury when surgical procedures are performed in zone 2B. Clinical Relevance: An understanding of the anatomy of the zone 2 FHL tendon sheath is useful for the safe practice of zone 2 FHL tendoscopy. © 2010 Arthroscopy Association of North America.postprin

Reducing the complexity of multiscale error diffusion

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

An adaptive palette reordering method for compressing color-indexed image

Center for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringRefereed conference paper2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

Reversible acute renal failure in a patient with IgA nephropathy

Reversible acute renal failure is a rare complication of IgA nephropathy. We report a patient with IgA nephropathy who developed acute renal failure after an episode of gross haematuria. Renal biopsy revealed extensive acute tubular damage and red blood cell casts. His renal failure recovered spontaneously without specific treatment. The clinical and pathological features of this IgA nephropathy complication are discussed.published_or_final_versio

BlueGame - A bluetooth enabled multi-player and multi-platform game: An experience report

Computer games on mobile devices including cellular phones or handheld computers have become a fast expanding industry due to the recent advance in hardware and software supports. Most large mobile game and handheld vendors mainly focus on improving the interactivity and visual effects of, commonly single-user, mobile games. In this project, we carefully designed and then implemented an interactive multi-player action game, namely the BlueGame, transferrable between different computing platforms supported by the Bluetooth wireless technology. In addition to individual user's convenience to continue the multi-player game, our BlueGame prototype highlighted certain shortcomings of the existing Bluetooth technology, and more importantly our valuable experience gained for future wireless game development. ©2006 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Cytokine combinations on the potential of Ex Vivo expansion of murine hematopoietic stem cells

Local Scholarship Awardees - Poster Sessions: no. 9DMM 2011 entitled: Re-engineering Regenerative MedicineThe limited number of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) in human bone marrow and cord blood has led to experimental approaches using cytokines for ex vivo expansion of HSC. Here, we studied the expansion of murine hematopoietic stem cells with different cytokine combinations and characterized the hematopoietic gene expression profile of expanded cells, aiming to facilitate the development of optimal HSC culture condition. Murine HSC with immunophenotype Lineage-Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) were cultured in five different cytokine combinations ...postprin

Scheduling algorithms for peer-to-peer collaborative file distribution

Peer-to-Peer file sharing applications on the Internet, such as BitTorrent, Gnutella, etc., have been immensely popular. Prior research mainly focuses on peer and content discovery, overlay topology formation, fairness and incentive issues, etc, but seldom investigates the data distribution problem which is also a core component of any file sharing application. In this paper, we present the first effort in addressing this collaborative file distribution problem and formally define the scheduling problem in a simplified context. We suggest several types of algorithms, including a novel Bipartite Matching algorithm, for solving the problem. Simulation results show that our weighted bipartite algorithm finds an optimal solution for all cases tested. Therefore, we believe our algorithm is a promising solution to be employed as the core scheduling module in P2P file sharing applications, shortening the total download time experienced by users. © 2005 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Low-complexity high-performance multiscale error diffusion technique for digital halftoning

Version of RecordPublishe

Fast detection of venous air embolism in Doppler heart sound using the wavelet transform

The introduction of air bubbles into the systemic circulation can result in significant morbidity. Real-time monitoring of continuous heart sound in patients detected by precordial Doppler ultrasound is, thus, vital for early detection of venous air embolism (VAE) during surgery. In this study, the multiscale feature of wavelet transforms (WT's) is exploited to examine the embolic Doppler heart sound (DHS) during intravenous air injections in dogs. As both humans and dogs share similar physiological conditions, the authors' methods and results for dogs are expected to be applicable to humans. The WT of DHS at scale 2 j(j=1,2) selectively magnified the power of embolic, but not the normal, heart sound. Statistically, the enhanced embolic power was found to be sensitive (P<0.01 at 0.01 ml of injected air) and correlated significantly (P<0.0005, τ=0.83) with the volume of injected air from 0.01 to 0.10 ml. A fast detection algorithm of O(N) complexity with unit complexity constant for VAE was developed (processing speed=8 ms per heartbeat), which confirmed the feasibility of real-time processing for both humans and dogs.published_or_final_versio

Fibrillary glomerulonephritis: a case report

Fibrillary glomerulonephritis is a recently recognised condition. The usual presentation is heavy proteinuria. The diagnosis is established by demonstration of the characteristic Congo-red negative, randomly arranged microfibrils in the glomeruli by electron microscopy. At present, there is no proven effective treatment for this condition and the prognosis is generally poor. The first case of fibrillary glomerulonephritis diagnosed in Hong Kong is reported here in a 38-year-old woman.published_or_final_versio