53 research outputs found

    An Experimental Investigation of Entry Cost Effects in Sealed Bid Dollar Auctions

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    In numerous auction settings potential bidders incur costs to enter the auction. Such costs may potentially influence bidder’s behavior subsequently. In this paper we experimentally study the effect of entry costs on bidding and entry behavior, through a complete information common value auction. We run first and second price auctions both with and without entry costs. We find that with entry costs, players on average bid lower in first price auctions, while in second price auctions the average bids are higher, compared to bids in the corresponding no entry fee auctions.Common Value Auctions, Entry Costs, Experiments

    Social identity, group composition and public good provision: an experimental study

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    Social fragmentation has been identified as a potential cause for the under-provision of public goods in developing nations, as well as in urban communities in developed countries such as the U.S. We study the effect of social fragmentation on public good provision using laboratory experiments. We create two artificial social groups in the lab and we assign subjects belonging to both groups to a public good game. The treatment variable is the relative size of each social group, which is a proxy for social fragmentation. We find that while higher social fragmentation leads to lower public good provision, this effect is short-lived. Furthermore, social homogeneity does not lead to higher levels of contributions.Social Identity, Public Goods, Social Fragmentation, Experiments.

    Vote or Shout

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    We examine an environment with n voters each with a private value over two alternatives. We compare the social surplus of two mechanisms for deciding between them: majority voting and shouting. In majority voting, the choice with the most votes wins. With shouting, the voter who shouts the loudest (sends the costliest wasteful signal) chooses the outcome. We find that it is optimal to use voting in the case where n is large and value for each particular alternative of the voters is bounded. For other cases, the superior mechanism is depends upon the order statistics of the distribution of values.majority voting, voting procedures, social efficiency

    Optimal Allocation without Transfer Payments

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    Often an organization or government must allocate goods without collecting payment in return. This may pose a difficult problem either when agents receiving those goods have private information in regards to their values or needs or when discriminating among agents using known differences is not a viable option. In this paper, we find an optimal mechanism to allocate goods when the designer is benevolent. While the designer cannot charge agents, he can receive a costly but wasteful signal from them. We find conditions for which ignoring these costly signals by giving agents equal share (or using lotteries if the goods are indivisible) is optimal. In other cases, those that send the highest signal should receive the goods; however, we then show that there exist cases where more complicated mechanisms are superior. Finally, we show that the optimal mechanism is independent of the scarcity of the goods being allocated.mechanism design; efficient allocation; waiting lines; lotteries; all-pay auctions

    Tort Liability and Unawareness

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    Unawareness is a form of bounded rationality where a person fails to conceive all feasible acts or consequences or to perceive as feasible all conceivable act-consequence links. We study the implications of unawareness for tort law, where relevant examples include the discovery of a new product or technology (new act), of a new disease or injury (new consequence), or that a product can cause an injury (new link). We argue that negligence has an important advantage over strict liability in a world with unawareness—negligence, through the stipulation of due care standards, spreads awareness about the updated probability of harm

    Sharing ambiguous risks

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    NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in the Journal of Mathematical Economics. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in the Journal of Mathematical Economics, Vol. 56, pp. 1-8, January 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jmateco.2014.11.001We analyse risk-sharing when individuals perceive ambiguity about future events. The main departure from previous work is that different individuals perceive ambiguity differently. We show that individuals fail to share risks for extreme events. This may provide an explanation why we do not observe individuals buying insurance for certain events like hurricanes or earthquakes and why many contracts contain an "act of God" clause, which allows non-performance if an unforeseen event occurs

    The Benefits of Costly Voting

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    We present a costly voting model in which each voter has a private valuation for their preferred outcome of a vote. When there is a zero cost to voting, all voters vote and hence all values are counted equally regardless of how high they may be. By having a cost to voting, only those with high enough values would choose to incur this cost. Hence, the outcome will be determined by voters with higher valuations. We show that in such a case welfare may be enhanced. Such an effect occurs when there is both a large enough density of voters with low values and a high enough expected value.costly voting, externalities.

    Resolving contractual disputes: arbitration vs mediation

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    Working paper published by Centre for Market and Public Organisation, University of Bristol Department of EconomicsIn this paper we analyze contracts written on potentially non-verifiable states. We first show that the contract always enters a dispute phase. We analyze two possible legal rules which can be used to resolve the disputes. Under both rules the paper derives the optimal contract. An interesting feature of the optimal contract is that for low verifiability likelihood the agent is always rewarded unless there is failure. The other result is that under both legal rules used first-best effort and more than first-besteffort level can be implemented, depending on how small the likelihood of verifiability is
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