Numerical analysis of bonded composite patch efficiency in the case of lateral U and V-notched aluminium panels

In this study, the finite element method is applied to investigate the mechanical behavior of aluminium notched structures reinforced by composite patch. In order to evaluate the efficiency of patches in the case of lateral semicircular and V-notches, it is very important to analyze the stress distribution at the notch tip and to take in consideration the influence of the geometrical and mechanical properties of the patch and the adhesive. Simple and double patch were used as reinforcement techniques. Results showed that the stress concentration factor is reduced at the notch tip by using a double patch reinforcement. This reduction becomes more noticeable when the patch thickness increases

La place de l’évaluation en tant que pratique managériale parmi ses confrères : Audit, Contrôle, Inspection, Budgétisation, Suivi et Veille

L’évaluation en tant que pratique managériale ne peut être réalisée sans disposer de données fiables fournies par des structures déterminées, destinées à être analysées et confrontées à des normes et standards constituant des référentiels prédéfinis afin de pouvoir apporter un jugement argumenté et proposer des recommandations de nature à pallier aux non conformités enregistrées et améliorer la conformité aux normes et référentiels. Dans cet article, nous essayons de mettre en avant les traits que l’évaluation partage avec des pratiques managériales relevant des sciences de gestion à savoir l’audit, le contrôle, l’inspection, la budgétisation, le suivi et la veille. Nous analysons par la suite les interactions que peut avoir l’évaluation avec les pratiques managériales étudiées. Le but est de mettre en exergue la place qu’occupe l’évaluation parmi les pratiques managériales susmentionnées : tantôt elle se dresse comme étape importante et inéluctable dans la mise en place de ces pratiques managériales, tantôt elle constitue l’output alimenté par lesdites pratiques managériales. &nbsp

La place de l'évaluation en tant que pratique managériale parmi ses confrères : Audit, Contrôle, Inspection, Budgétisation, Suivi et Veille

<p>L’évaluation en tant que pratique managériale ne peut être réalisée sans disposer de données fiables fournies par des structures déterminées, destinées à être analysées et confrontées à des normes et standards constituant des référentiels prédéfinis afin de pouvoir apporter un jugement argumenté et proposer des recommandations de nature à pallier aux non conformités enregistrées et améliorer la conformité aux normes et référentiels.</p> <p>Dans cet article, nous essayons de mettre en avant les traits que l’évaluation partage avec des pratiques managériales relevant des sciences de gestion à savoir l’audit, le contrôle, l’inspection, la budgétisation, le suivi et la veille. Nous analysons par la suite les interactions que peut avoir l’évaluation avec les pratiques managériales étudiées. Le but est de mettre en exergue la place qu’occupe l’évaluation parmi les pratiques managériales susmentionnées : tantôt elle se dresse comme étape importante et inéluctable dans la mise en place de ces pratiques managériales, tantôt elle constitue l’output alimenté par lesdites pratiques managériales.</p&gt

Investigation du lessivage des stocks de boues d’épuration de Nador : Étude sur terrain et apport de l’expérimentation

La station d’épuration par boues activées de Nador génère de grandes quantités de boues qui posent un sérieux problème environnemental. Ces boues sont stockées à côté de la lagune de Nador, sans aucune mesure assurant leur innocuité à l’environnement. Pendant la période pluvieuse, les eaux de pluies s’infiltrent à l’intérieur des déchets en se chargeant de leurs composés minéraux et organiques générant ainsi un lixiviat. Notre étude vise à caractériser le lixiviat des stocks de boues et à approcher expérimentalement via un test de percolation le risque du transfert possible des contaminants issus de ces stocks vers les ressources d’eau. Les analyses physico-chimiques des lixiviats des stocks de boue ont montré qu’ils sont riches en azote Kjeldhal (NTK max = 1 436 mg•L-1), en nitrates (NO3 max = 88,6 mg•L-1), en PT (PT max = 88,79 mg•L-1) et en PO4 (PO4 max = 20,87 mg•L-1). En outre, ces lixiviats présentent des teneurs assez élevées en SO4, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na et K. Ces lixiviats contiennent également des métaux lourds, principalement le Cu et le Zn. Le test de percolation réalisé a permis de mettre en évidence un lessivage important d’azote et de phosphore à partir des boues en comparaison avec le témoin (le sol). En effet, les quantités de NO3, NH4, NTK, PO4 et PT exportées par lessivage à travers les boues sont respectivement 8 fois, 21 fois, 35 fois, 3 fois et 18 fois plus élevées en comparaison avec les valeurs témoins. Par ailleurs, la charge lessivée des boues en métaux lourds (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) représente 0,07 % de la charge initiale, ce qui est approximativement le double de la charge lessivée à partir du sol.The wastewater treatment plant (WTP) of Nador, using an activated sludge process, generates large quantities of sludge, which create a serious environmental problem. The sludge is stored near the Nador lagoon, without any measures to ensure protection of the environment. During the rainy period, the rain water seeps through the waste, extracting minerals and organic compounds and generating a leachate. Our study aimed to characterize the leachate from the stocked sludge and to explore experimentally, using a percolation test, the risk of contamination of water resources. The results of physico-chemical analysis showed that the leachate is rich in total Kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN max = 1,440 mg•L-1), nitrate (NO3 max = 88.6 mg•L-1), total phosphorus (TP max = 88.8 mg•L-1) and orthophosphate (PO4 max = 20.9 mg•L-1). In addition, the leachate has high contents of SO4, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na and K. The leachate also contains heavy metals, mainly Cu and Zn. The percolation test indicates important levels of nitrogen and phosphorus leached from the sludge in comparison to the soil control. Furthermore, the quantities of NO3, NH4, TKN, PO4 and TP exported by leaching through the sludge are respectively, 8 fold, 21 fold, 35 fold, 3 fold and 18 fold higher than those leaching through soil. In addition, the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) leached from sludge (0.07% of the initial load) are 2 fold higher than the levels leached from soil

Enhancing resource allocation in edge and fog-cloud computing with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization

Evolutionary algorithms have gained significant attention from researchers as effective solutions for various optimization problems. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is widely popular due to its logical approach, broad applicability, and ability to tackle complex issues encountered in engineering systems. However, GA is known for its high implementation cost and typically requires a large number of iterations. On the other hand, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a relatively new heuristic technique inspired by the collective behaviors of real organisms. Both GA and PSO algorithms are prominent heuristic optimization methods that belong to the population-based approaches family. While they are often seen as competitors, their efficiency heavily relies on the parameter values chosen and the specific optimization problem at hand. In this study, we aim to compare the runtime performance of GA and PSO algorithms within a cutting-edge edge and fog cloud architecture. Through extensive experiments and performance evaluations, the authors demonstrate the effectiveness of GA and PSO algorithms in improving resource allocation in edge and fog cloud computing scenarios using FogWorkflowSim simulator. The comparative analysis sheds light on the strengths and limitations of each algorithm, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field

Assessment of denitrification using electrocoagulation process

International audienc

Electrocoagulation process in water treatment: A review of electrocoagulation modeling approaches

International audienc

Mechanistic insights into methylene blue removal via olive stone-activated carbon: A study on surface porosity and characterization

Global attention is increasingly focused on the adverse health and environmental impacts of textile dyes, marking the necessity for effective and sustainable dye remediation strategies in industrial wastewater. This study introduces a novel, eco-friendly activated carbon produced from olive stones (OLS), a readily available by-product of the olive oil industry. The OLS was chemically activated with H3PO4 and KOH, creating two materials: OLS-P and OLS-K, respectively. These were then utilized as cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye. The activated materials were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), iodine number, and pHpzc analysis, with the zero-point charge determined as approximately pH 1 for OLS-P and pH 8 for OLS-K. Batch adsorption experiments conducted at various temperatures revealed that adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. Temperature was found to significantly impact adsorption performance, with OLS-K demonstrating a substantial increase in adsorption capacity (qe) from 6.27 mg/g at 23˚C to 94.7 mg/g at 32 ˚C. Conversely, OLS-P displayed a decrease in qe from 16.78 mg/g at 23 ˚C to 3.67 mg/g at 32 ˚C as temperature increased. The study highlights the potential of KOH-treated olive stones as a promising, cost-efficient adsorbent for methylene blue remediation from wastewater

Study of copper removal by modified biomaterials using the response surface methodology, DFT Calculation, and molecular dynamic simulation

International audienceCopper removal by adsorption from an aqueous solution was tested onto the Oyster Shells (OS) powder as an inexpensive adsorbent material. The effect of process parameters such as pH, initial pollutant concentration, adsorbent mass, and contact time on the copper removal in batch experiments conditions was investigated using an experimental design methodology to determine the optimal conditions for copper treatment. Adsorbent content, initial concentration of copper, pH, and contact time for maximum Cu(II) removal (82.58 %) were optimized and were found to be 2 g, 150 mg.l−1, 5.5, and 2.5 h, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model, whereas the pseudo-second-order equation was the best applicable kinetic model to describe the adsorption of Copper onto OS powder. The study concluded that the OS has potential application as an adsorbent to remove toxic heavy metals such as copper from industrial wastewater. Aside from experimental methods, theoretical methods such as DFT simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, and the radial distribution method were employed to uncover parameters regulating the effectiveness of the examined adsorbate