Wind profiler demonstration system

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has started procurement of a 30-station demonstration network of Doppler radar wind profilers to be deployed in the central United States by 1989. The purposes of this demonstration network are: (1) to assess the impact of a large wind profiler network on meteorological forecasting; (2) to test wind profiler hardware designed specifically for commercial production and widespread deployment; and (3) to provide wind data for research programs involving weather phenomena in the central United States

Matrilineal Inheritance and Migration in a Minangkabau Community

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Accuracy of Residential Water Meters in Response to Short, Intermittent Flows

In this study, water meter accuracy in response to short, intermittent flows was tested. Burst flows have short durations (a few seconds or less), and occur at a variety of flow rates. For some types of meters, it is difficult to accurately measure short, intermittent flow rates. Depending on the meter type, an intermittent flow can result in either under-registering or over-registering of the actual throughput. During the testing for this research, water was passed through meters for various time combinations, test setups, and flows. It should be understood that realistically, a household setting will not see burst flows occurring in a repeated manner. For the purposes of laboratory testing, however, time-on and condensed time-off combinations were used. The reduced time off allowed for a controlled test procedure and efficient data collection. Ultrasonic, electromagnetic, nutating disc, and oscillating piston meters were tested. The meter types were found to perform differently under the varying test setups, time combinations, and flow rates. The electromagnetic meters were generally unaffected by burst flows. Burst flows caused one of the ultrasonic meter models to have decreased accuracies, while the other model remained mostly unaffected. Nutating disc and oscillating piston meters were generally affected by burst flows only at the lowest flow

Central Auditory Processing Disorder: Towards a Therapeutic EEG Neurofeedback Brain Computer Interface

Central auditory processing (CAP) refers to the process of integrating and processing auditory signals in the central auditory nervous system. Problems with CAP are thought to underlie central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) which is associated with specific populations of adults and children who demonstrate poor performance on tasks. CAPD is typically diagnosed in individuals with poor auditory perception who also show no physical problems with their inner ear, outer ear, or cochlea (Keilman et al., 2013; Koravand et al 2013). CAPD is characterized by an impaired ability to filter out background noise and distinguish between different auditory stimuli, and is often comorbid with other neurological disorders (Kim & Chung, 2013; Strauss et al., 2008). Exciting new research has shown improvements those identified with CAPD-like disorders can improve speech comprehension, harmonic recognition, and sound localization, just by engaging in behaviors which are associated with CAP (Alain et al., 2014; Anderson et al., 2013). The overarching aim of this research was to create a online electroencephalography (EEG) brain computer interface (BCI) that could be used by anyone, not just those who show CAPD symptomatology, to gain increased performance on central auditory processing tasks

Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used extensively to uncover the genetic mechanisms that control basic cellular processes, including survival, maintenance, and response to stressors. One metric of yeast survival is chronological lifespan (CLS), which is the amount of time non-dividing yeast cells can survive at stationary phase. Variations in CLS following genetic alteration are used to understand the function of specific genes and pathways in cellular aging. Many factors contribute to aging, including accumulation of toxic misfolded secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress), to which the cell responds through activation of ER stress signaling pathways, such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). In this thesis, we first developed new fluorescent assays and a corresponding software program to measure yeast CLS and investigate how ER stress responses impact yeast CLS. Using these assays, we found that inositol was important for CLS, especially in cells with compromised UPR. We also found that UPR-dependent upregulation of the ER chaperone Kar2 is critical for CLS, and we demonstrate that deletion of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) components accelerates chronological aging. We argue that the capacity of the ER quality control machinery to degrade misfolded secretory proteins is an important determinant of ER stress sensitivity and, by extension, yeast CLS. Finally, we aimed to identify ways to modulate ER stress and the UPR; we worked to decipher the mechanism of a compound previously hypothesized to act as a “chemical chaperone” to alleviate ER stress by directly improving protein folding, trafficking, and degradation – tauroursodeoxycholic acid, or TUDCA. We found that, while TUDCA alleviates ER stress, this process can be uncoupled from UPR signaling. We also found little evidence that TUDCA works as a true chemical chaperone. By contrast, it alleviates ER stress indirectly through activation of another stress response, the Cell Wall Integrity (CWI) pathway. We thus discovered a novel mechanism of modulating ER stress. Overall, this thesis has identified new factors influencing ER stress regulation, including chronological aging, protein quality control mechanisms, the CWI pathway, and small molecules such as TUDCA

(Un)Supervised Student Practice

Law student practice is a powerful pedagogical tool that must be wielded judiciously. At its best, student practice coalesces a student’s professional values and prepares that student to become a competent, compassionate, and confident lawyer. However, the current regime of state student practice rules, rooted in the American Bar Association’s (ABA) model rule, undermines the integrity of student practice in several crucial ways. In most states, students are authorized to practice law without meaningful oversight by law schools, and supervisors need not complete any special training. Supervisors are not universally required to accompany students to court, even when students are acting as prosecutors. Some student practice rules still fail to account for the wide range of work that is done by students in many law school clinics, particularly in transactional clinics. Financial incentives skew the focus away from student learning in states that allow students to not only represent wealthy individuals but also charge for their services, all outside the oversight of law school programs. This Article examines these problems with existing state student practice rules and proposes rule reform in light of the goals and purpose of student practice

Operating manual for coaxial injection combustion model

An operating manual for the coaxial injection combustion model (CICM) is presented as the final report for an eleven month effort designed to provide improvement, to verify, and to document the comprehensive computer program for analyzing the performance of thrust chamber operation with gas/liquid coaxial jet injection. The effort culminated in delivery of an operation FORTRAN IV computer program and associated documentation pertaining to the combustion conditions in the space shuttle main engine. The computer program is structured for compatibility with the standardized Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) performance evaluation procedure. Use of the CICM in conjunction with the JANNAF procedure allows the analysis of engine systems using coaxial gas/liquid injection