Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Of Thyroid Gland: A Rare Case Report

Introduction: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a common neoplasm of the salivary gland but can also occur in other sites like oesophagus, breast, lungs, pancreas, etc .In thyroid gland it is very uncommon or rare and is said to be of low grade indolent neoplasm. In literature few cases have been reported.Case report: 43 year old female presented with progressive midline swelling since 20 years with alteration in voice since two months. CT revealed heterogeneous enhancing lesion of 35x50x37 mm in left lobe of thyroid. FNAC revealed epithelial malignancy. Total thyroidectomy was done and specimen sent for histopathology.Result: Microscopically the tumor showed cells arranged in follicular and trabecular pattern. These tumors cells were of columnar and mucin producing type arranged in glandular pattern. Some of the cells show squamous metaplastic changes. These glands or follicles lack colloid. Final diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of thyroid was given.Conclusion: Mucoepidermoid Carcinomaof thyroid is low grade neoplasm which extends into  ajjacent tissue by local infiltration and unlikely to metastasize, hence progress is good. It can also have agressive behaviour and hence a through search to be done histologically and also rule out other metastatic lesions

Role of Citrus Concentrate in Extraction and Evaluation of Herbal Polymer

Background: The use of natural polymers as excipients in the pharmaceutical sector is expanding day by day. Low cost, safety issues, availability, and biodegradability are the main causes that make them differ from other sources. Natural sources have a wide range of varieties and characteristics. So, they can be used numerous times in pharmaceutical products as excipients to serve the desired purposes.  Aim:  To extract and evaluate the natural polymeric substances that can be used as excipients in pharmaceuticals from fenugreek seeds by using solvent extraction method. Methods: Trigonella foenum-graceum fenugreek mucilage is drive from the endosperm of the seeds it consists of galactose and mannose of it gives high viscosity in aqueous solution the fenugreek seeds used for thickening, stabilizing and emulsifying food agent. In this procedure we use grapefruit juice to treat with extract mucilage from fenugreek seeds which enhance its stability and bioavailability. Grapefruit juice increases the bioavailability of some orally administered drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4 and normally undergo extensive presystemic extraction. Results: In addition, grapefruit juice it can decrease the oral absorption of a few drugs that rely on organic anion transporting polypeptide in the gastrointestinal tract for their uptake. The number of drugs shown to interact with grapefruit juice in vitro is far greater than the number of clinically relevant grapefruit juice drug interactions

Production of Biodiesel using waste temple oil from Shani Shingnapur temple (Dist. Ahmednagar), Maharashtra, India using chemical and biological methods

In India, due to various mythological and religious reasons hundreds of devotees pour oil over the idols in Hanuman or Maruti and Shani temples. The oil once poured cannot be reutilized and was ultimately wasted. These waste temple oil from Shani Shingnapurwas used to produce biodiesel. Immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used to catalyze transesterification of waste temple oil. The cells of P.aeruginosa were immobilized within the sodium alginate. Biodiesel production and its applications were gaining popularity in recent years due to decreased petroleum based reserves. Biodiesel cost formed from waste temple oil was higher than that of fossil fuel, because of high raw material cost.To decrease the cost of biofuel, waste temple oil was used as alternative as feedstock. It has lower emission of pollutants; it is biodegradable and enhances engine lubricity. Waste temple oil contains triglycerides that were used for biodiesel production by chemical and biological method.Transesterification reaction of oil produces methyl esters that are substitutes for fatty acid alkyl biodiesel fuel. Characteristics of oil were studied such as specific gravity, viscosity, acid number, saponification number.Parameters such as temperature,oil: methanol ratio were studied and 88%, 96% of biodiesel yield was obtained with effect of temperature and oil: methanol ratio on transesterification reaction. Withaddition ofNaOH or KOH to fatty acids which formed salt known as soap,which is excellent emulsifying and cleaning agents

Systematic review of artificial intelligence in higher education (2000-2020) and future research directions

The goal of this study is to synthesize the findings, methodology and research themes of peer reviewed studies on Artificial Intelligence in higher education, published between 2000 to 2020. Twenty-nine articles were selected for review by following the PRISMA approach. The demographical and thematic trends suggest that most research is skewed towards few geographical locations (USA, Europe, India, China, Hong-Kong) and recent time periods (2018-2020) and scattered across publications from varied disciplinary traditions. Taiwan and United States contributed most to the number of studies, with 2017 being the most fruitful year. Vectors as well as decision trees were the most often used machine learning algorithms. Mechanization, cognitive process assessment, prediction models, integrated learning systems, and tackling potential problems in the use of big data and learning analytics were among the most commonly explored topics. Expanding geographical variety, adopting advanced algorithmic approaches including Bayesian as well as fuzzy logic techniques in educational machine learning work; applications for knowledge-based systems, and personalized learning were suggested for future search. Conclusions are drawn and future research directions identified. Potential research recommendations emphasize the expansion of geographical, topical, and methodological variety

Sustainability in electric vehicles: A bibliometric analysis of life cycle assessment

This bibliometric analysis delves into the intricate realm of sustainability within the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of electric vehicles (EVs). Our study navigates the vast body of literature to uncover the evolving landscape, emerging trends, and critical research areas concerning the environmental impact of EVs throughout their entire life cycle. By placing a strong emphasis on sustainability, this analysis sheds light on how EVs can significantly contribute to eco-friendly transportation solutions. A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science database, covering publications from 2001 to 2023. The search strategy used a combination of keywords related to LCA and EVs. The study found a total of 161 publications that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that the number of publications on LCA of EVs has been increasing steadily over the years, with a sharp rise in the last decade. The study identified the main research themes in the field, including LCA methodology, environmental impacts, energy use, and policy analysis. The analysis also highlighted the research gaps, such as the lack of studies on social impacts and the need for more comprehensive and comparative assessments. The findings of this study provide insights into the current state of research on LCA of EVs and can guide future research in this field

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with sub-clinical inflammation: a case-control study on Asian Indians in North India.

OBJECTIVES: Association between sub-clinical inflammation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been studied in Asian Indians. In this case-control study, we aimed to analyse association of NAFLD with the sub-clinical inflammation and metabolic profile in Asian Indians in north India. METHODS: Ultrasound diagnosed 120 cases of NAFLD were compared to 152 healthy controls without NAFLD. Anthropometric profile [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC)], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), metabolic profile [fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile] and hepatic function tests [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] were recorded. RESULTS: Metabolic parameters [FBG, total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c)], hs-CRP and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome were higher in cases as compared to controls (p-value<0.05 for all). The median (range) of hs-CRP (mg/L) for cases [2.6(0.2-13.4)] were significantly higher than in controls [1.4(0.03-11.4), p = 0.01]. Similarly, higher values of hs-CRP were obtained when subgroups of cases with obesity, abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome were compared to controls [2.75 (0.03-14.3) vs. 1.52 (0.04-14.3), p = 0.0010; 2.8 (0.03-14.3) vs. 1.5 (0.06-14.3), p = 0.0014 and 2.7 (0.5-14.3) vs. 1.6 (0.06-8.5), p = 0.0013, respectively. On multivariate logistic regression analysis BMI (p = 0.001), WC (p = 0.001), FBG (p = 0.002), TC (p = 0.008), TG (p = 0.002), blood pressure (p = 0.005), metabolic syndrome (p = 0.001) and hs-CRP (p = 0.003) were significantly and independently associated with NAFLD. After adjusting for significant variables, the association between high hs-CRP and NAFLD remained large and statistically significant [adjusted OR = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-1.29]. An increase in 1 mg/dl of hs-CRP level calculated to increase the risk of developing NAFLD by 1.7 times as compared to controls after adjusting for significant variables associated with NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of Asian Indians in North India, presence of NAFLD showed independent relationships with sub-clinical inflammation

A narrative review on use of biomaterials in achieving SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

This study aims to address the gaps in the existing literature on the use of biomaterials in achieving SDG 9, identify gaps in current knowledge, and provide insights for future research directions. A narrative review of 62 papers published between 1996-mid 2023 in which use of biomaterials in achieving SDG 9 ( build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation) shows that biomaterials have great potential to transform the construction and infrastructure industries by providing sustainable, biodegradable, and cost-effective alternatives to traditional materials. The use of biomaterials and new technologies in various industries has the potential to create significant economic, social, and environmental impacts. However, realizing these benefits requires investment in research and development, improving production processes, and creating policies that support the use of sustainable biomaterials. There is a need to consider the sustainability and environmental impact of biomaterials in various applications, including medical devices, orthopedic biomaterials, and biofuels, among others. Their development and implementation may require supportive policy and governance frameworks. Future research directions can focus on several areas such as optimization of biocompatibility and biodegradability of biomaterials, developing scalable and cost-effective manufacturing processes for sustainable biomaterials

Demographic and Lifestyle Profiles.

<p>Demographic and Lifestyle Profiles.</p

Box plot representation of hs-CRP levels in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and in controls having overweight and obesity (a), abdominal obesity (b), and the metabolic syndrome (c).

<p>Each box comprises the values between the 25^th and the 75^th percentiles, and the bold horizontal line is the median value; the whiskers stretch from the 10^th and to the 90^th percentile. Circles represent individual outlier's value. Stars represent extremes value of individual.</p

Distribution of hs-CRP According to Presence of Impaired Fasting Glucose, Body Mass Index and the Metabolic Syndrome.

*<p>p<0.05.</p