Une lecture habermassienne du projet de paix kantien

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Educação e Islamismo: a aprendizagem da religião muçulmana em contexto familiar

Enquadrada no Mestrado em Educação e Sociedade esta investigação atenta na transmissão, em contexto familiar, da religião muçulmana. Visando uma abordagem multidimensional exploraram-se os conceitos de família, etnicidade, religião, particularmente o Islamismo e ainda o conceito de famílias migrantes, neste caso, nacionais do Paquistão. Colocou-se como questão de partida: Como é que a religião muçulmana é transmitida em contexto familiar por famílias nacionais do Paquistão, residentes em Lisboa? Na sequência da questão proposta avançou-se como hipótese que as famílias muçulmanas ensinam a sua religião através das práticas adotadas e de contextos e atividades familiares específicas. Foram realizadas 18 entrevistas num total de 6 famílias nacionais do Paquistão, residentes em Lisboa e pertencentes a uma mesma comunidade islâmica. O objetivo foi caraterizar as famílias muçulmanas oriundas do Paquistão, residentes em Lisboa, as suas práticas e como é que estas contribuem para a promoção da sua religião. Procurou-se relacionar a pertença étnica, as condições socioeconómicas e a condição de migrantes com a transmissão da religião muçulmana. Concluiu-se que a sua pertença étnica, as rotinas familiares e a constante prática religiosa fomentam nos jovens um sentimento de pertença e de identidade que traduzem o sucesso da transmissão da sua religião.In the scope of the Master's degree in Education and Society, this dissertation is about the transmission of the Muslim religion in a family context. Aiming a multidimensional approach, were explored the concepts of family, ethnicity, religion, particularly Islam, and the concept of migrant families, in this case Pakistani nationals. As a matter of research was questioned: How is the Muslim religion transmitted in a family context by Pakistani national families living in Lisbon? Following the proposed question, it was hypothesized that Muslim families teach their religion through the practices adopted and specific family contexts and activities. A total of 18 interviews were conducted in a total of 6 families from Pakistan, living in Lisbon and belonging to the same Islamic community. The aim was to characterize the Muslim families from Pakistan living in Lisbon, their practices and how this contributes for the promotion of their religion. Were sought to relate ethnic affiliation, socioeconomic conditions and the status of migrants with the transmission of the Muslim religion. It was concluded that their ethnic belonging, family routines and constant religious practice promotes in the young people a sense of belonging and identity that reflect the success of the transmission of their religion

Physical predictors of favorable postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing laminectomy or laminotomy for central lumbar spinal stenosis: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Study Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Objective: To identify preoperative physical variables associated with favorable postoperative outcome in individuals undergoing laminectomy or laminotomy for degenerative central lumbar spinal stenosis. Summary of Background Data: Clinical or condition specific variables have most commonly been studied as predictors of postoperative outcome in lumbar spinal stenosis. If associated to favorable postoperative outcome, modifiable physical variables would inform prehabilitation interventions for patients with degenerative central lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods: Patients awaiting surgery for central lumbar spinal stenosis were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial. Following baseline data collection of demographics, clinical portrait and physical testing, participants were randomized to either 6-week active prehabilitation program or hospital standard care. Complete baseline and postoperative data were obtained from 58 participants which were included in the present analysis. Favorable postoperative outcome was determined based on two outcome measures. Favorable outcome was defined as a decrease of ≥30% on the Numerical Rating Scale for leg pain intensity and a decrease of ≥30% on the Oswestry Disability Index for low back disability. Baseline physical variables were used to conduct binary logistic regression. Results: Sixty percent of participants were determined as having a favorable postoperative outcome. None of the included physical variables were found to be predictors of a favorable postoperative outcome based on leg pain intensity and low back pain-associated disability [trunk flexors muscle strength (OR = 0.73; 95%CI (0.02–27.12)] lumbar extensors muscle endurance [OR= 1.09; 95%CI (0.95–1.24)] total ambulation time [OR = 1.00 95%CI (0.99–1.01)] lumbar active range of motion in extension [OR = 1.08; 95%CI (0.95–1.23)] and knee extensors muscle strength [OR=1.02; 95%CI (0.98–1.06)]. Conclusion: Results show that none of the investigated variables, all related to low back and lower limbs physical capacity, were predictors of postoperative recovery. Further testing in larger cohort is needed to assess the full potential of physical outcome measures as predictors of postoperative recovery

Effects of a prehabilitation program on patients recovery following spinal stenosis surgery: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis is a prevalent condition in adults over the age of 65 and often leads to deconditioning. Although the benefits of surgery outweigh those of conservative approaches, physical rehabilitation may be used to improve function and to minimize the risk of persistent dysfunction. This study protocol was designed to establish the feasibility of a full-scale randomized controlled trial and to assess the efficacy of an active preoperative intervention program on the improvement of clinical parameters and functional physical capacity in patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis. Methods/Design Forty patients will be recruited and randomly allocated to one of the 2 treatment arms: 6?weeks supervised preoperative rehabilitation program (experimental group) or hospital standard preoperative management (control group). The intervention group will be trained three times per week, with each session aiming to improve strength, muscular endurance, spinal stabilization and cardiovascular fitness. Intensity and complexity of exercises will be gradually increased throughout the sessions, depending on each participant?s individual progress. Primary outcomes are level of low back disability and level of pain. Secondary outcomes include the use of pain medication, quality of life, patient?s global impression of change, lumbar extensor muscles endurance, maximum voluntary contraction of lumbar flexor and extensor muscles, maximum voluntary contraction of knee extensors, active lumbar ranges of motion, walking abilities, and cardiovascular capacity. Both the primary and secondary outcomes will be measured at baseline, at the end of the training program (6?weeks after baseline evaluation for control participants), and at 6?weeks, 3 and 6?months postoperatively. Discussion This study will inform the design of a future large-scale trial. Improvements of physical performances before undergoing lumbar surgery may limit functional limitations occurring after a surgical intervention. Results of this study will provide opportunity to efficiently improve spinal care and advance our knowledge of favorable preoperative strategies to optimize postoperative recovery. Trial registration US National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials registry NCT02258672, 10 February 2014