The Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in the Urinary Tract: A Literature Review

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a noncellular component with a crucial role on tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and hemostasis within all tissues and organs. With advancement in the technology and increased data on ECM components, it was realized that many conditions in urinary tract have a close relation with the composition of ECM in the affected tissue. According to some basic research studies, ECM composition may give us important information about the prognosis and progression of disease in addition to the cause and pathophysiology of the diseases such as congenital ureterovesical and ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Afterwards, with better understanding of ECM one can develop new treatment and follow-up models. This chapter will summarize the evidence-based role of ECM in urinary tract conditions

Prunella vulgaris l. ve prunella grandiflora l.’den saflaştırılan rosmarinik asitin farklı tümör hücreleri üzerindeki sitotoksik aktivitesi

Rosmarinic acid was isolated from ethanol extractions obtained from Prunella grandiflora L. and P. vulgaris L. The total phenolic content of ethanol fractions during isolation was determined by the Folin-Ciocateu method. The cytotoxic doses of the isolated rosmarinic acid were determined by WST-1 (Roche Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany) cell proliferation assay. A 10-60ng cytotoxic dose was determined for pancreas (PANC-1), prostate (PC-3), colon (HT-29) and breast (MDAMB 436) cancers and GBM (T98G) cell lines and lymphatic tissues. 24 and 48h incubation periods were applied during dose determinations. An antiproliferative effect was observed at the end of 48h incubation period with 50ng rosmaniric acid treatment in PC3 cell line and with 60ng treatment in PANC-1, HT-29, MDA-MB 436 and T98G cell lines. No cytotoxic activity of rosmarinic acid was observed in non-tumor cells.Bu çalışmada rosmarinik asit bileşiği, Prunella grandiflora L. ve P. vulgaris L. türlerinden elde edilen etanol ekstraktlarından saflaştırılmıştır. Saflaştırma işlemi sırasında elde edilen metanol fraksiyonlarının toplam fenol içeriği FolinCiocalteu yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Prunella L. türlerinden saflaştırılan rosmarinik asitin farklı kanser hücreleri üzerinde WST-1 (Roche Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Almanya) yöntemiyle sitotoksik doz çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Buna göre pankreas (PANC-1), prostat (PC-3), kolon (HT-29) ve meme (MDA-MB 436) kanserleri ile GBM (T98G) hücre hatları ve lenf dokularında 10-60ng arasında sitotoksik doz belirlenmiştir. Sitotoksik doz belirleme çalışmaları için 24 ve 48 saat inkübasyon süreleri çalışılmıştır. 48 saat inkübasyon süresi sonunda PC3 hücre hattı için 50ng ve PANC-1, HT-29, MDA-MB 436 ve T98G hücre hatları için 60ng rosmarinik asit uygulamasında antiproliferatif etki gözlenmiştir. Sağlıklı hücrelerde rosmarinik asitin sitotoksik etkisi gözlenmemiştir

Choroidal vascularity index and retinal nerve fiber layer reflectivity in newly diagnosed migraine patients

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal structural parameters, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and optic density index (ODI) and their correlations in patients with migraine. Methods: Twenty-eight newly diagnosed migraine patients and 28 age-matched healthy controls were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The enhanced depth-optical coherence tomography images were evaluated. The choroidal area (CA) was binarized to the luminal area (LA) and stromal area (SA) using Image J. The choroidal vascularity index (CVI), the mean peripapillary RNFL thickness, superior-inferior-nasal-temporal quadrant RNFL thicknesses, and the ODI were compared statistically. Results: The difference in the mean CVI between the patient group and controls reached a statistical significance (p=0.035). The mean RNFL thickness was significantly decreased in patients with migraine compared with the controls (p=0.040). The mean RNFL thickness in the superior, temporal, and inferior quadrants was significantly decreased in the patient group in comparison to the control subjects (p=0.030, p=0.001, and p=0.022, respectively). There were no significant differences between the migraine group and the controls for the mean ODI of RNFL (p=0.399). Conclusion: The CVI and the RNFL thickness except for the nasal quadrant were significantly decreased in newly diagnosed migraine patients. © 2021 Elsevier B.V

Organik Nar Yetiştiriciliği

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de yaygın olarak yetiştirilen ve ihracat potansiyeli yüksek olan Hicaznar nar çeşidinin organik yetiştiriciliğe uygunluğu araştırılarak, geleneksel yöntemlerle organik tarım yöntemlerinin karşılaştırması yapılmış, teknik ve ekonomik değerlendirmelerin sonucunda pratiğe aktarılabilecek bulgular elde edilmiştir. Araştırma Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsüne ait araştırma ve deneme arazisinde 2004-2009 yılları arasında, geleneksel ve organik yetiştiricilik parselleri arasında gerekli mesafe bırakılarak, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 4 ağaç olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın ana materyalini, Hicaznar parseline uygulanan organik ve inorganik gübreler, bu parsellerde bulunan hastalık, zararlı ve bunların doğal faydalıları oluşturmuştur. Denemenin başlangıcında her parselin yaprak ve toprak analizleri yapılmış, bu analizlerin sonucunda geleneksel ve organik yetiştiriciliğe uygun gübreleme programları uygulanmıştır. Organik yetiştiricilikte yeşil gübreleme, yeşil gübreleme ile birlikte çiftlik gübresi uygulaması ve yeşil gübreleme ile birlikte torf uygulaması yapılmıştır. Hasat döneminde ağaç başına ortalama verimler ile her tekerrürden alınan 20 adet meyve örneğinde meyve kalite kriterleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, en yüksek verim ve kalitenin sırasıyla geleneksel uygulama ile yeşil gübre+sığır gübresi uygulamasından; en yüksek net karın ise yeşil gübre + sığır gübresi uygulamasından elde edildiği belirlenmiştir

A Late Complication of Postpartum HELLP Syndrome: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Developed at the Postpartum Fourth Day

HELLP syndrome is a rare complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelet count. The risk of mortality during pregnancy increases with life-threatening complications, and intracranial hemorrhage is the most significant cause of death in pregnant women who have preeclampsia. We represent a case of a 27 year old woman, with 25 weeks of pregnancy diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage developed at the postpartum fouth day. Careful observation and especially rapid and careful management of hypertension can save patients with severe intracranial complications of HELLP syndrome

Ramalina Lichens and Their Major Metabolites as Possible Natural Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

Three lichen species of Ramalina (R.farinacea, R.fastigiata and R.fraxinea) were examined. Evernic, fumarprotocetraric, lecanoric, stictic and usnic acid levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. Acetone, methanol and ethanol were used to examine the efficiencies of different solvent systems for the extraction of lichen acids. The total phenol contents in the extracts were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant capacities were determined by the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid]) method. The methanol extracts of the Ramalina species showed the highest antioxidant capacities. Broth microdilution testing was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extracts of the three Ramalina species. The MIC values of all extracts ranged from 64 to 512g/mL for all bacterial strains tested in this study