Immunoexpression of aromatase and estrogen receptors beta in stem spermatogonia of bullfrogs indicates a role of estrogen in the seasonal spermatogonial mitotic activity

Bullfrog stem spermatogonia, also named primordial germ cells (PGCs), show strong testosterone immunolabeling in winter, but no or weak testosterone immunoexpression in summer. Thus, the role of testosterone in these cells needs to be clarified. in this study, we proposed to evaluate whether PGCs express aromatase and estrogen receptors, and verify a possible role of estrogen in PGCs seasonal proliferation. Testes of male adult bullfrogs, collected in winter (WG) and summer (SG), were fixed and embedded in historesin, for quantitative analysis, or paraffin for immunohistochemistry (IHC). the number of haematoxylin/eosin stained PGCs/lobular area was obtained. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), aromatase, estrogen receptor beta (ER beta) and PCNA/ER beta double immunolabeling were detected by IHC. the number of PCNA-positive PGCs and the histological score (HSCORE) of aromatase and ER beta immunolabeled PGCs were obtained. Although the number of PGCs increased significantly in WG, a high number of PCNA-positive PGCs was observed in summer. Moreover, aromatase and ER beta HSCORE was higher in SG than WG. the results indicate that PGCs express a seasonal proliferative activity; the low mitotic activity in winter is related to the maximal limit of germ cells which can be supported in the large lobules. in SG, the increased ER beta and aromatase HSCORE suggests that testosterone is converted into estrogen from winter to summer. Moreover, the parallelism between the high PGCs mitotic activity and ER beta immunoexpression suggest a participation of estrogen in the control of the PGCs seasonal proliferative activity which guarantee the formation of new germ cysts from summer to next autumn. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Araraquara, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Sch Dent, Dept Morphol,Lab Histol & Embryol, Araraquara, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2009/17895-5FUNDUNESP: 00661/04-DFPWeb of Scienc

Sistema E Processo De Monitoramento De Peso Em Esteiras De Transporte De Produtos Com Taliscas

A presente invenção refere-se a um Monitor de Produtividade de cana-de-açúcar, para elaboração de mapas de produtividade, requisito básico para a implementação da agricultura de precisão (AP), que permite a aplicação de um sistema de gerenciamento de produção eficiente. O sistema proposto não depende de sensores de pressão hidráulica que além de caros são mais complicados de serem instalados. A determinação do peso dos rebolos de cana-de-açúcar é obtida por medidas diretas e não por medidas indiretas. Sensores de inclinação do elevador garantem a correção destes valores para qualquer tipo de terreno que a colhedora estiver trabalhando. O programa computacional dedicado desenvolvido para gerenciar as informações obtidas das células de carga e dos sensores instalados na colhedora permite a obtenção da quantidade de cana-de-açúcar sendo colhida e de mapas de produtividade se um equipamento de GPS estiver acoplado a colhedora. O sistema de controle eletrônico recebe o sinal já tratado do sensor de peso, da velocidade da esteira transportadora, do sensor de velocidade de deslocamento da colhedora e do sensor instalado no sistema de corte de base. Essas informações juntamente com as coordenadas obtidas por um GPS instalado na colhedora, permitem a elaboração de um mapa digital que representa a superfície de produção da área colhida.BRPI0502658 (A)B65G1/02G06K11/00A01D45/10G06F17/60BR2005PI02658B65G1/02G06K11/00A01D45/10G06F17/6

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

Estudo de implantes autólogo de raízes de molares de ratos no subcutâneo através de microscopia de luz e eletrônica

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Apoptosis in the early developing periodontium of rat molars

O desenvolvimento do periodonto envolve uma serie de etapas complexas que resulta na formacao da dentina radicular, cemento, osso e fibras do ligamento. Estes eventos precisamente controlados requerem a participacao de celulas epiteliais da bainha de Hertwig (HRS), derivadas do orgao do esmalte, e celulas ectomesenquimais do foliculos dentario. Estes eventos envolvem rapido turnover dos tecidos e celulas, incluindo o desaparecimento de celulas epiteliais da HRS. Assim, parece que a morte celular programada (apoptose) pode ter um papel no desenvolvimento do periodonto. Fragmentos contendo o primeiro molar, obtidos de ratos com 14 e 29 dias de idade, foram fixados em formaldeido-glutaraldeido e processados para a microscopia de luz e eletronica. Para o metodo TUNEL para deteccao de apoptose, especimens foram fixados em formaldeido 4 por cento e incluidos em parafina. Os resultados confirmaram que as celulas epiteliais da HRS mantem um intima relacao com a dentina radicular em formacao, e podem tornar-se aprisionadas na juncao dentino-cemento. Algumas das celulas epiteliais exibiam caracteristicas ultra-estruturais as quais sao consistentes com a interpretacao que elas estavam sofrendo morte celular programada, isto e, apoptose. Celulas fibroblasto-like do periodonto mostraram tipicas imagens de apoptose, e de estarem envolvidas com a remocao de corpos apoptoticos. Estruturas TUNEL positivas estavam presentes em todas as regioes correspondentes. Portanto, parece que apoptose de celulas epiteliais da HRS e fibroblasto-like do ligamento periodontal constitui uma parte integral do processo de desenvolvimento dos tecidos do periodontoBV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Increased apoptosis in osteoclasts and decreased RANKL immunoexpression in periodontium of cimetidine-treated rats

It has been demonstrated that histamine interferes with the recruitment, formation and activity of osteoclasts via H1- and H2-receptors. Cimetidine is a H2-receptor antagonist used for treatment of gastric ulcers that seems to prevent bone resorption. in this study, a possible cimetidine interference was investigated in the number of alveolar bone osteoclasts. the incidence of osteoclast apoptosis and immunoexpression of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor ?B ligand) was also evaluated. Adult male rats were treated with 100 mg kg-1 of cimetidine for 50 days (CimG); the sham group (SG) received saline. Maxillary fragments containing the first molars and alveolar bone were fixed, decalcified and embedded in paraffin. the sections were stained by H&E or submitted to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) method. TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) method and immunohistochemical reactions for detecting caspase-3 and RANKL were performed. the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts, the frequency of apoptotic osteoclasts and the numerical density of RANKL-positive cells were obtained. Osteoclast death by apoptosis was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). in CimG, TRAP-positive osteoclasts with TUNEL-positive nuclei and caspase-3-immunolabeled osteoclasts were found. A significant reduction in the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts and a high frequency of apoptotic osteoclasts were observed in CimG. Under TEM, detached osteoclasts from the bone surface showed typical features of apoptosis. Moreover, a significant reduction in the numerical density of RANKL-positive cells was observed in CimG. the significant reduction in the number of osteoclasts may be due to cimetidine-induced osteoclast apoptosis. However, RANKL immunoexpression reduction also suggests a possible interference of cimetidine treatment in the osteoclastogenesis.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Sch Dent, Dept Morphol,Lab Histol & Embryol, BR-14801903 Araraquara, SP, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Morphol & Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: FAPESP - 2007/59374-6FAPESP: 2010/03571-0FAPESP: 2010/10391-9Web of Scienc