Factors associated with self-medication in Covid-19 patients who attend the pharmaceutical establishments of the Condevilla - San Martin de Porres urbanization, 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores asociados a la automedicación en pacientes COVID-19 que acuden a los establecimientos farmacéuticos de la urbanización Condevilla, ubicada en el distrito de San Martín de Porres en el año 2021, siendo la metodología, descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal, en una muestra 384 pacientes COVID-19. Resultados, se determinaron los factores asociados a la automedicación en 72.92% de los pacientes COVID-19 que se automedicaron para tratar sus síntomas; concluyéndose, que los factores de estudio de nuestra investigación si están asociados a la automedicación en pacientes COVID-19The present investigation had the objective of determining the factors associated with self-medication in COVID-19 patients who go to the pharmaceutical establishments of the Condevilla urbanization, located in the district of San Martin de Porres in the year 2021, being the methodology, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional, in a sample of 384 COVID-19 patients. Results, the factors associated with self-medication were determined in 72.92% of the COVID-19 patients who self-medicated to treat their symptoms; concluding that the study factors of our research are associated with self-medication in COVID-19 patients

Factors associated with self-medication in Covid-19 patients who attend the pharmaceutical establishments of the Condevilla - San Martin de Porres urbanization, 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores asociados a la automedicación en pacientes COVID-19 que acuden a los establecimientos farmacéuticos de la urbanización Condevilla, ubicada en el distrito de San Martín de Porres en el año 2021, siendo la metodología, descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal, en una muestra 384 pacientes COVID-19. Resultados, se determinaron los factores asociados a la automedicación en 72.92% de los pacientes COVID-19 que se automedicaron para tratar sus síntomas; concluyéndose, que los factores de estudio de nuestra investigación si están asociados a la automedicación en pacientes COVID-19The present investigation had the objective of determining the factors associated with self-medication in COVID-19 patients who go to the pharmaceutical establishments of the Condevilla urbanization, located in the district of San Martin de Porres in the year 2021, being the methodology, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional, in a sample of 384 COVID-19 patients. Results, the factors associated with self-medication were determined in 72.92% of the COVID-19 patients who self-medicated to treat their symptoms; concluding that the study factors of our research are associated with self-medication in COVID-19 patients

The histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid exerts a synergistic cytotoxicity with the DNA-damaging drug ellipticine in neuroblastoma cells

Neuroblastoma (NBL) originates from undifferentiated cells of the sympathetic nervous system. Chemotherapy is judged to be suitable for successful treatment of this disease. Here, the influence of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproate (VPA) combined with DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic, ellipticine, on UKF-NB-4 and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was investigated. Treatment of these cells with ellipticine in combination with VPA led to the synergism of their anticancer efficacy. The effect is more pronounced in the UKF-NB-4 cell line, the line with N-myc amplification, than in SH-SY5Y cells. This was associated with caspase-3-dependent induction of apoptosis in UKF-NB-4 cells. The increase in cytotoxicity of ellipticine in UKF-NB-4 by VPA is dictated by the sequence of drug administration; the increased cytotoxicity was seen only after either simultaneous exposure to these drugs or after pretreatment of cells with ellipticine before their treatment with VPA. The synergism of treatment of cells with VPA and ellipticine seems to be connected with increased acetylation of histones H3 and H4. Further, co-treatment of cells with ellipticine and VPA increased the formation of ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, which indicates an easier accessibility of ellipticine to DNA in cells by its co-treatment with VPA and also resulted in higher ellipticine cytotoxicity. The results are promising for in vivo studies and perhaps later for clinical studies of combined treatment of children suffering from high-risk NBL

Glioblastoma and cerebral organoids: development and analysis of an in vitro model for glioblastoma migration

It is currently challenging to adequately model the growth and migration of glioblastoma using two‐dimensional (2D) in vitro culture systems as they quickly lose the original, patient‐specific identity and heterogeneity. However, with the advent of three‐dimensional (3D) cell cultures and human‐induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived cerebral organoids (COs), studies demonstrate that the glioblastoma‐CO (GLICO) coculture model helps to preserve the phenotype of the patient‐specific tissue. Here, we aimed to set up such a model using mature COs and develop a pipeline for subsequent analysis of cocultured glioblastoma. Our data demonstrate that the growth and migration of the glioblastoma cell line within the mature COs are significantly increased in the presence of extracellular matrix proteins, shortening the time needed for glioblastoma to initiate migration. We also describe in detail the method for the visualization and quantification of these migrating cells within the GLICO model. Lastly, we show that this coculture model (and the human brain‐like microenvironment) can significantly transform the gene expression profile of the established U87 glioblastoma cell line into proneural and classical glioblastoma cell types

Cerebral organoids derived from patients with Alzheimer’s disease with PSEN1/2 mutations have defective tissue patterning and altered development

Summary: During the past two decades, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely used to study human neural development and disease. Especially in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), remarkable effort has been put into investigating molecular mechanisms behind this disease. Then, with the advent of 3D neuronal cultures and cerebral organoids (COs), several studies have demonstrated that this model can adequately mimic familial and sporadic AD. Therefore, we created an AD-CO model using iPSCs derived from patients with familial AD forms and explored early events and the progression of AD pathogenesis. Our study demonstrated that COs derived from three AD-iPSC lines with PSEN1(A246E) or PSEN2(N141I) mutations developed the AD-specific markers in vitro, yet they also uncover tissue patterning defects and altered development. These findings are complemented by single-cell sequencing data confirming this observation and uncovering that neurons in AD-COs likely differentiate prematurely