El Mindfulness Disposicional y su Relación con el Bienestar, la Salud Emocional y la Regulación Emocional

Mindfulness a traditional Eastern practice recently has been introduced into the Western multiples fields of knowledge and research. Mindfulness, defined as a dispositional trait, refers to a set of observable behaviors, dispositions or innate tendencies o f human beings, related to the natural tendency to be aware (mindful) (Baer, Smith, Hopkings, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006) in which specific traits and individual differences are shown (Brown & Ryan, 2003). This dispositional trait could be cultivated with the practice. A narrative review of literature, from 2005-2015, was performed in order to understand: What are the outcomes about the relationship of dispositional mindfulness, wellbeing, emotional health and emotional regulation? The literature reviewed  establish  the  relationship  between  the  presence  of dispositional  mindfulness  trait, emotional  health  and  emotional regulation.  Also  the  positive  impact  of these  on  emotions, thoughts, behaviors and lifestyles is suggested. It is recommended: additional research on the field with different research methodology, both quantitative and qualitative, the inclusion of strategies to develop dispositional mindfulness in therapeutic interventions in mental health and the development of therapeutic and educational programs on the basis of mindfulness as practice and dispositional trait.Una de las prácticas de la sociedad oriental que se ha insertado en múltiples campos del saber y la investigación es el mindfulness, tanto la práctica como el rasgo disposicional. El mindfulness, entendido como rasgo disposicional, se refiere a un conjunto de conductas observables, disposiciones o tendencias innatas de los seres humanos, relacionadas a la tendencia natural de ser consciente (mindful) (Baer, Smith, Hopkings, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006), en la cual se presentan rasgos específicos en los cuales hay diferencias individuales (Brown & Ryan,2003), que pueden ser cultivados. Se realiza una revisión narrativa de literatura, de los últimos 10 años, con el propósito de conocer: ¿Cuáles son los hallazgos en torno a la relación entre el mindfulness disposicional y el bienestar,  la salud  emocional y la regulación emocional? La literatura revisada es consistente en señalar la relación entre la presencia del rasgo de mindfulness disposicional en los individuos e indicadores de bienestar, salud emocional y regulación emocional y el impacto de estos en emociones, pensamientos, conductas y estilos de vida más positivos. Se recomienda: que se continúen realizando investigaciones con diversa metodología, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa sobre estos temas, la inclusión de estrategias que desarrollen los rasgos de mindfulness disposicional en intervenciones terapéuticas en salud mental y el desarrollo de programas terapéuticos y educativos sobre las bases de mindfulness como práctica y como rasgo disposicional

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Dispositional Mindfulness and its Relationship with Wellbeing, Emotional Health and Emotional Regulation Process

Mindfulness a traditional Eastern practice recently has been introduced into the Western multiples fields of knowledge and research. Mindfulness, defined as a dispositional trait, refers to a set of observable behaviors, dispositions or innate tendencies o f human beings, related to the natural tendency to be aware (mindful) (Baer, Smith, Hopkings, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006) in which specific traits and individual differences are shown (Brown & Ryan, 2003). This dispositional trait could be cultivated with the practice. A narrative review of literature, from 2005-2015, was performed in order to understand: What are the outcomes about the relationship of dispositional mindfulness, wellbeing, emotional health and emotional regulation? The literature reviewed  establish  the  relationship  between  the  presence  of dispositional  mindfulness  trait, emotional  health  and  emotional regulation.  Also  the  positive  impact  of these  on  emotions, thoughts, behaviors and lifestyles is suggested. It is recommended: additional research on the field with different research methodology, both quantitative and qualitative, the inclusion of strategies to develop dispositional mindfulness in therapeutic interventions in mental health and the development of therapeutic and educational programs on the basis of mindfulness as practice and dispositional trait

El Mindfulness Disposicional y su Relación con el Bienestar, la Salud Emocional y la Regulación Emocional

Mindfulness a traditional Eastern practice recently has been introduced into the Western multiples fields of knowledge and research. Mindfulness, defined as a dispositional trait, refers to a set of observable behaviors, dispositions or innate tendencies o f human beings, related to the natural tendency to be aware (mindful) (Baer, Smith, Hopkings, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006) in which specific traits and individual differences are shown (Brown & Ryan, 2003). This dispositional trait could be cultivated with the practice. A narrative review of literature, from 2005-2015, was performed in order to understand: What are the outcomes about the relationship of dispositional mindfulness, wellbeing, emotional health and emotional regulation? The literature reviewed  establish  the  relationship  between  the  presence  of dispositional  mindfulness  trait, emotional  health  and  emotional regulation.  Also  the  positive  impact  of these  on  emotions, thoughts, behaviors and lifestyles is suggested. It is recommended: additional research on the field with different research methodology, both quantitative and qualitative, the inclusion of strategies to develop dispositional mindfulness in therapeutic interventions in mental health and the development of therapeutic and educational programs on the basis of mindfulness as practice and dispositional trait.Una de las prácticas de la sociedad oriental que se ha insertado en múltiples campos del saber y la investigación es el mindfulness, tanto la práctica como el rasgo disposicional. El mindfulness, entendido como rasgo disposicional, se refiere a un conjunto de conductas observables, disposiciones o tendencias innatas de los seres humanos, relacionadas a la tendencia natural de ser consciente (mindful) (Baer, Smith, Hopkings, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006), en la cual se presentan rasgos específicos en los cuales hay diferencias individuales (Brown & Ryan,2003), que pueden ser cultivados. Se realiza una revisión narrativa de literatura, de los últimos 10 años, con el propósito de conocer: ¿Cuáles son los hallazgos en torno a la relación entre el mindfulness disposicional y el bienestar,  la salud  emocional y la regulación emocional? La literatura revisada es consistente en señalar la relación entre la presencia del rasgo de mindfulness disposicional en los individuos e indicadores de bienestar, salud emocional y regulación emocional y el impacto de estos en emociones, pensamientos, conductas y estilos de vida más positivos. Se recomienda: que se continúen realizando investigaciones con diversa metodología, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa sobre estos temas, la inclusión de estrategias que desarrollen los rasgos de mindfulness disposicional en intervenciones terapéuticas en salud mental y el desarrollo de programas terapéuticos y educativos sobre las bases de mindfulness como práctica y como rasgo disposicional

Que no se nos vaya el tren Las terapias complementarias como apoyo para la transformación de la masculinidad hegemónica.

Diversas investigaciones han identificado el constructo de la masculinidad tradicional o hegemónica como un elemento nocivo a la salud en los hombres. En particular se señalan efectos en la expresión de emociones como la inhibición emocional y con conductas agresivas. El propósito del presente artículo, que se deriva de una investigación cualitativa más amplia, de teoría emergente, es describir los hallazgos de cuatro de las categorías que describen el proceso de construcción de la masculinidad, la dificultad en la expresión emocional y el proceso de reconstrucción y transformación de la masculinidad. Se identifican procesos de transformación y cuestionamiento de la construcción de la masculinidad y los procesos de regulación emocional mediados por la práctica de terapias complementarias. Se proponen alternativas hacia la construcción de un nuevo modelo social de masculinidad que redunde en bienestar y equidad