13 research outputs found

    The role of cell surface glycosaminoglycans in cell division: adhesion and proliferation of CHO cells and CHO-K1 cells and a mutant CHO-745 which is deficient in syntesis of proteoglycans due to lack of activity of xylosyl transferase

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    Na presente tese examinamos o papel dos proteoglicanos e glicosaminoglicanos na divisao celular: adesao e proliferacao de celulas em cultura CHO (chinese hamster ovary) e sua mutante CHO-745 que e deficiente na sintese de glicosaminoglicanos devido a falta da enzima xilosiltransferase. Usando diferentes quantidades de celulas (selvagem e mutante) pouca adesao pode ser observada na presenca de laminina e colageno tipo I. Entretanto quando fibronectina e vitronectina foram usadas como substratos houve um aumento de adesao dos dois tipos celulares. Somente a CHO selvagem mostrou adesao em funcao do tempo sobre colageno tipo IV. Estes resultados sugerem que as duas linhagens celulares possuem diferentes propriedades de adesao. Ensaios de adesao usando colageno tipo IV com celulas CHO cultivadas na presenca de xilosideo ou clorato, mostraram reducao nos niveis de adesao, confirmando a importancia dos glicosaminoglicanos neste fenomeno. Varias evidencias experimentais sugerem que os proteoglicanos de hepara sulfato estao envolvidos na adesao celular como moduladores positivos da proliferaca celular e como composto chave no processo de divisao celular. Ensaios de proliferacao e ciclo celular demonstraram que uma diminuicao das quantidades do proteoglicano nao inibem a proliferacao da mutante CHO-745 quando comparadas com a celula selvagem pois os dois tipos celulares entram na fase S ao redor das 8 horas. A inteiracoes celulas-matriz estao implicadas em uma grande variedade d funcoes. Estas inteiracoes sao principalmente mediadas por integrinas que sa receptores da superficie celular e estao aparentemente envolvidas em adesao, migracao e diferenciacao. Por exemplo, a asj3, integrina esta envolvida na migracao e adesao da celulas sobre fibronectina. Tambem neste estudo, usando marcacao radioativa com sulfato e imunoprecipitacao...(au)BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

    Estudo ultraestrutural do estômago de dois teleósteos : Hypostomus commersonii (Reis et al., 1990) e Rhamdia branneri (Hasemann, 1911)

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    Orientador: Professor Doutor Waldemiro GremskiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curso de Pós-Graduação em MorfologiaInclui referências: p. 76-94Área de concentração: Biologia CelularResumo: O presente estudo foi elaborado com o objetivo de se comparar duas espécies de teleósteos de hábitos alimentares diversos: Hypostomus commersonii (REIS et al., 1990), iliófago e Rhamdia branneri (HASEMANN, 1911), onívoro. Foi elucidada a anatomia e histologia do estômago em ambas espécies. Embora a arquitetura das sub-camadas histológicas em ambos os animais utilizados obedeça ao plano estrutural válido para os vertebrados em geral, os resultados mostram que há sensíveis diferenças entre os dois órgãos, refletindo a existência de relação entre o hábito alimentar e a estrutura do órgão. Em H. commersonii o estômago tem a forma de um "U", com paredes delgadas, translúcidas e cheias de ar e desempenha função digestivo-respiratória. R. branneri possui estômago tubular, com parede muscular e espessa, funcionando como órgão de natureza digestiva. Em ambas as espécies o estômago pode ser dividido em três regiões: cárdica, fúndica e pilórica. Não há esfincter na junção com o esôfago, sendo que a ocorrência de um esfincter pilórico é nítida na transição com o intestino. A mucosa em H. commersonii é revestida por epitélio pavimentoso simples, com microvilosidades e sem a presença de qualquer tipo de glândula. E visível a presença de grande número de capilares dipostos na lâmina própria, próximos da luz do órgão. Já em R. branneri as células de revestimento são do tipo cilíndrico simples, com ausência de microvilosidades e presença de glândulas tubulares simples, formadas por células oxinto-pépticas intercaladas por algumas células enteroendócrinas.Summary: The present study was carried out with the objective of comparing the stomach of two species of distinct feeding habits teleosts. A normal anatomy and histology of the stomach of both the species was performed. The teleosts studied were Hypostomus commersonii (REIS et ah, 1990), an herbivorous fish and Rhamdia branneri (HASEMANN, 1911), an omnivorous fish. In spite of the four layers that are characteristic in the alimentary tract of the vertebrates have been seen in both the organs studied, it is shown that exist very clear anatomical and histological differences between them. The H. commersonii stomach presents an "U" form, with very thin and translucid walls and normally it is full of air. This kind of stomach can be considered a respiratory and digestive organ. The lamina exhibits many capillaries wich are disposed near the lumen of the organ. In R branneri was found a stomach with a tubular form and presenting a muscular thick wall. It is disposed in a siphonal way and is restricted to be a food deposit with digestive function. In both the species it can be divided in cardiac, fimdic and pyloric regions. At the point of junction with the esophagus is not possible to see any cardiac sphincter while the transition with the intestine occurs through an evident pyloric sphincter in both the animals used in this study. The H. commersonii mucosa is lined by a simple squamous epithelium with short microvilli and gastric glands are not present. In the R branneri stomach the mucosa is recovered by a simple columnar epithelium, the microvilli are absent and simple tubular gastric glands are present, consisting of oxinto-peptic cells, intercalated by some enteroendocrine cells

    Anatomical Characters of Leave and Stem of Calea serrata Less., Asteraceae

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    The genus Calea belongs to the tribe Heliantheae and presents about 125 species. Calea serrata, popularly known as erva-de-cobra, chá-amargo and quebra-tudo, is an endemic species found in southern Brazil and is used in traditional medicine to treat ulcers and livers problems. The present work aimed to study the pharmacobotanical characters of leaves and stems of C. serrata for quality control purposes. The plant material was processed according to standard methods of light and scanning electron microscopy. Glandular capitate-stalked and capitate-sessile, uniseriate multicellular non-glandular trichome with tapered apical cell, conical non-glandular trichome, isobilateral mesophyll, secretory ducts near the endoderm and circular shape with six ribs in the stem were important characters, which contributed to the identification of the species

    A low-molecular-weight galactofucan from the seaweed, Spatoglossum schröederi, binds fibronectin and inhibits capillary-like tube formation in vitro

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    A low-molecular-weight (LMW) heterofucan (designated fucan B) was obtained from the brown seaweed, Spatoglossum schröederi, and its activity as an inhibitor of capillary-like tube formation by endothelial cells (ECs) was analyzed. Chemical, infrared and electrophoretic analyses confirmed the identity of fucan B. In contrast to other LMW fucans, fucan B (0.012–0.1 mg/mL) inhibited ECs capillary-like tube formation in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, fucan B (0.01–0.05 mg/mL) did not affect ECs proliferation. Fucan B also inhibited ECs migration on a fibronectin-coated surface, but not on laminin- or collagen-coated surfaces. Biotinylated fucan B was used as a probe to identify its localization. Confocal microscopy experiments revealed that biotinylated fucan did not bind to the cell surface, but rather only to fibronectin. Our findings suggest that fucan B inhibits ECs capillary-like tube formation and migration by binding directly to fibronectin and blocking fibronectin sites recognized by cell surface ligands. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the in vivo effects of fucan B

    Fucan effect on CHO cell proliferation and migration

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    Fucan is a term used to denominate sulfated L-fucose rich polysaccharides. Here, a heterofucan, named fucan B, was extracted from the Spatoglossum schroederi seaweed. This 21.5 kDa galactofucan inhibited CHO-Kl proliferation and migration when fibronectin was the substrate. Fucan B derivatives revealed that such effects depend on their degree of sulfation. Fucan B did not induce cell death, but promoted G1 cell cycle arrest. Western blotting and flow cytometry analysis suggest that fucan B binds to fibronectin and activates integrin, mainly integrin alpha 5 beta 1, which induces FAK/RAS/MEK/ERK activation. FAK activation inhibits CHO-K1 migration on fibronectin and ERK blocks cell cycle progression. This study indicates that fucan B could be applied in developing new antitumor drugs. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)MCTFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPERNCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Bioquim, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Depto Bioquim, Disciplina Biol Mol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Dept Biol Celular, BR-80060000 Curitiba, PR, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Depto Bioquim, Disciplina Biol Mol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
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