Působení horkých uhlíků na dřevěné konstrukce při lesních požárech

Import 23/07/2015The thesis is focused on firebrands generated in forest fires and their collection in order to different fire intensity. According to different types of firebrands evaluates data gained from prescribed burnings in Pine Barrens, USA. The thesis offers needed data for estimating important firebrand characteristics. It is focused on an implementation of the data for investigation of wooden structural ignition by firebrand accumulation along critical parts of building construction. Different configurations and types of firebrands involving real bark slices are tested in the laboratory conditions. New methodologies are designed and tested for firebrand collection as well as for heat properties investigation of the collected firebrands and wooden panels in the laboratory.KEMPNÁ, Kamila. Působení horkých uhlíků na dřevěné konstrukce při lesních požárech: diplomová práce. Ostrava: VŠB-TUO, 2015, 42 s. Tato diplomová práce se zabývá výzkumem uhlíků vznikajících při lesních požárech a jejich sběrem při požáru různé intenzity. Z hlediska různých typů uhlíků shrnuje údaje získané z reálných požárů jehličnatých lesů v USA. Předkládá potřebné informace k určení důležitých vlastností uhlíků. Soustřeďuje se na implementací těchto výstupních informací pro zjišťování možného vznícení dřevěných staveb vlivem akumulování uhlíků v kritických částech konstrukcí. Různé konfigurace a uhlíky jsou poté zkoušeny v laboratoři. Práce navrhuje a využívá nové metodologie pro řešení jak sběru uhlíků v lese, tak k vyšetřování tepelných změn uhlíků a dřevěných panelů v laboratorních podmínkách.030 - Katedra požární ochranyvýborn

Green Root Collective Action for Conservation of Agri-Bio Diversity: a Case Study in Tuscany

The literature on environmental policy shows that institutional arrangements are key in designing effective environmental policies. Besides regulation and market (Coasian) solutions, grass root collective action has been advocated as a possible solution for the provision of agro-environmental public goods. We gauge that the same institutional arrangement can be found in many territorially integrated food chains that aims at re-embedding food production in the local society. Building on this literature, we present a case study - a short supply chain for bread production from ancient local wheat landraces in Tuscany – emphasizing the role played by collective action in maintaining high quality production in a context of severe information asymmetries

Additional file 7: of Comparative analysis of the predicted secretomes of Rosaceae scab pathogens Venturia inaequalis and V. pirina reveals expanded effector families and putative determinants of host range

The predicted secretomes and small, secreted proteins (SSPs) encoded by the genomes of Venturia and representative related pathogens. The genomes for Parastagonospora nodorum, Cladosporium fulvum and Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici were downloaded via the Mycocosm portal at the Joint Genome Institute (JGI; see details in Additional file 15). These pathogens were representatives of necrotrophic, facultative and obligate biotrophic fungi, respectively. The pipeline outlined in Additional file 6 was employed to identify the secretome and SSPs in each of the genomes. (XLSX 11 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Genetic control of pear rootstock-induced dwarfing and precocity is linked to a chromosomal region syntenic to the apple Dw1 loci

Pearson correlation (first cell) and P-value (second cell) of all the traits measured over four years in the ‘Old Home’ x ‘Louise Bonne de Jersey’ OHxLBJ segregating pear population. Branches: branches per tree; Height: total tree height; Inflorescence: inflorescences per tree; Nodes: nodes per tree; Spurs: spurs per tree; TCAtrunk: trunk cross-sectional area 20 cm above graft unit; TCAroot: TCA of rootstock; TCAsec: TCA secondary growth of the main axis; TCAtert: TCA tertiary growth of the main axis. (PDF 164 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Genetic control of pear rootstock-induced dwarfing and precocity is linked to a chromosomal region syntenic to the apple Dw1 loci

Alignment of linkage groups from ‘Louise Bonne de Jersey’ (LBJ) and ‘Old Home’ (OH) pears with the maps of ‘Moonglow’ (Moon) and PEAR1 (Montanari et al., 2013). The markers are named using the NCBI dbSNP accessions and their positions are indicated in centiMorgan. Microsatellite markers mapped in the ‘Moonglow’ x PEAR1 population are underlined. The linkage group (LG) numbering system is consistent with the apple LG numbering. Identified QTLs are shown with blue symbols coming from OH and brown symbols from LBJ. The Dw1 flanking marker Hi01c04 (underlined and red) mapped to LG5 of OH. (PDF 306 kb

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of White and Purple Potato to Identify Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>The potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) cultivar ‘Xin Daping’ is tetraploid with white skin and white flesh, while the cultivar ‘Hei Meiren’ is also tetraploid with purple skin and purple flesh. Comparative transcriptome analysis of white and purple cultivars was carried out using high-throughput RNA sequencing in order to further understand the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato.</p><p>Methods and Results</p><p>By aligning transcript reads to the recently published diploid potato genome and <i>de novo</i> assembly, 209 million paired-end Illumina RNA-seq reads from these tetraploid cultivars were assembled on to 60,930 transcripts, of which 27,754 (45.55%) are novel transcripts and 9393 alternative transcripts. Using a comparison of the RNA-sequence datasets, multiple versions of the genes encoding anthocyanin biosynthetic steps and regulatory transcription factors were identified. Other novel genes potentially involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato tubers were also discovered. Real-time qPCR validation of candidate genes revealed good correlation with the transcriptome data. SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) and indels were predicted and validated for the transcription factors MYB <i>AN1</i> and <i>bHLH1</i> and the biosynthetic gene anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase (<i>UFGT</i>).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>These results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism of white and purple potato development, by identifying differential responses of biosynthetic gene family members together with the variation in structural genes and transcription factors in this highly heterozygous crop. This provides an excellent platform and resource for future genetic and functional genomic research.</p></div

Proteogenomic Analysis of the Venturia pirina (Pear Scab Fungus) Secretome Reveals Potential Effectors

A proteogenomic analysis is presented for Venturia pirina, a fungus that causes scab disease on European pear (Pyrus communis). V. pirina is host-specific, and the infection is thought to be mediated by secreted effector proteins. Currently, only 36 V. pirina proteins are catalogued in GenBank, and the genome sequence is not publicly available. To identify putative effectors, V. pirina was grown in vitro on and in cellophane sheets mimicking its growth in infected leaves. Secreted extracts were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry, and the data (ProteomeXchange identifier PXD000710) was queried against a protein database generated by combining in silico predicted transcripts with six frame translations of a whole genome sequence of V. pirina (GenBank Accession JEMP00000000). We identified 1088 distinct V. pirina protein groups (FDR 1%) including 1085 detected for the first time. Thirty novel (not in silico predicted) proteins were found, of which 14 were identified as potential effectors based on characteristic features of fungal effector protein sequences. We also used evidence from semitryptic peptides at the protein N-terminus to corroborate in silico signal peptide predictions for 22 proteins, including several potential effectors. The analysis highlights the utility of proteogenomics in the study of secreted effectors

Venn diagram of all DEGs and all TFs.

<p>(A) The numbers of all DEGs both up-regulated and down-regulated in PS vs. WS library and PF vs. WF library. The black shading represents all up-regulated or down-regulated DEGs exclusively in PS vs.WS library, the white shading represents all up-regulated or down-regulated DEGs exclusively in PF vs.WF library, the light grey shading of overlapping regions represents consistent DEGs in both libraries. (B) The number of differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs). Shading as described for panel (A). (FDR < 0.05, absolute value of the logFC ≥ 1 and RPKM > 1 applied).</p

Merged transcriptome assembly.

<p>*Primary set; the best transcripts from the two input transcriptome sets with highest scores based on alignments, protein quality and identity.</p><p>**Alternative set contains alternative splice forms to the transcripts in the primary set.</p><p>^#PGSC is ab inito gene prediction for doubled monoploid <i>S</i>. <i>tuberosum</i> clone DM1-3 (DM) and downloaded from <a href="http://potato.plantbiology.msu.edu/index.shtml" target="_blank">http://potato.plantbiology.msu.edu/index.shtml</a>.</p><p>Merged transcriptome assembly.</p

The distribution of genes according to the expression level RPKM in four libraries.

<p>The distribution of genes according to the expression level RPKM in four libraries.</p