Endogenous differential information in financial markets

We develop a two period general equilibrium model with incomplete financial markets and differential information. Making endogenous the traditional informational restriction on consumption, we allow agents to obtain information from physical and financial markets. Thus, the investment in financial promises and the trade of commodities in spot markets appear as natural channels to improve the information that an agent has about the realization of future states of nature.Incomplete Markets, Differential information, Enlightening equilibrium.

Metástasis agresiva de glándula parótida y cuello causada por carcinoma cutáneo de células escamosas de cuero cabelludo: reporte de un caso.

Introduction: The head and neck are frequent sites for the development of cutaneous cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC), one of the more frequent malignant non-melanoma skin neoplasms in Chile (436 per 100,000 inhabitants). Between 5-10% skin SCC progresses aggressively generating metastasis to parotid and cervical lymph nodes. Case Report: A 82 years old male, presents painful increased volume lesion in the mandibular area. He has a history of chronic arterial hypertension, acute renal failure, SCC of the scalp, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic sun exposure and smoking. Extraoral examination showed a 4 cm lesion in the posterior third of the mandibular branch, with undefined edges, a firm consistency and painful on palpation. Intraorally, erythematous mucosa is observed, as well as lack of lubrication, tenderness and cortical bone expansion. Incisional biopsy is performed, imaging and histological exams are requested. The results indicate the presence of SCC, and therefore referral to secondary care. Many risk factors are associated with SCC development, with ultraviolet radiation the most relevant in this case, favoring its appearance on the scalp. The probability of metastasis is low, but when it happens, the majority of cases that started in the scalp, disseminate to the parotid and cervical region. Conclusion: The SCC has a good prognosis. However, there are antecedents, such as size and location, that must alert the professional to perform the monitoring, early screening, control of metastatic nodes in maxillofacial area.Introducción: La cabeza y el cuello son sitios frecuentes de desarrollo de cáncer cutáneo y el carcinoma epidermoide de piel (CEC) es una de las neoplasias malignas sin melanoma más frecuentes en Chile (436 por 100.000 habitantes). Entre el 5% y el 10% del CCE cutáneo progresa de forma agresiva y genera metástasis en los ganglios linfáticos parótidos y cervicales. Reporte de Caso: Varón de 82 años, presenta lesión dolorosa de aumento de volumen en zona mandibular. Tiene antecedentes de hipertensión arterial crónica, insuficiencia renal aguda, CCE del cuero cabelludo, tuberculosis extrapulmonar, exposición crónica al sol y tabaquismo. El examen extraoral mostró una lesión de 4 cm en el tercio posterior de la rama mandibular, con bordes indefinidos, consistencia firme y dolorosa a la palpación. Intraoralmente se observa mucosa eritematosa, así como falta de lubricación, dolor a la palpación y expansión del hueso cortical. Se realiza biopsia incisional, se solicitan exámenes de imagen e histológicos. Los resultados indican la presencia de CCE y, por tanto, derivación a atención secundaria. Son muchos los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de CEC, siendo la radiación ultravioleta la más relevante en este caso, favoreciendo su aparición en el cuero cabelludo. La probabilidad de metástasis es baja, pero cuando ocurre, la mayoría de los casos que comenzaron en el cuero cabelludo se diseminan a la región parotídea y cervical. Conclusión: El SCC tiene un buen pronóstico. Sin embargo, existen antecedentes, como tamaño y ubicación, que deben alertar al profesional para realizar el seguimiento, cribado precoz, control de ganglios metastásicos en zona maxilofacial

Influence of the type of fiber on the structural response and design of FRC slabs

Most codes for the design of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) structures are based on the experience achieved throughout the years with steel fibers. Recent codes include the possibility of applying the same considerations for FRC structures with plastic fiber. However, the consequences of assuming identical design considerations regardless of the type of fiber is scarcely known in terms of the structural behavior of full-scale elements. The main goal of this paper is to assess the influence of the type of fiber on the performance of full-scale concrete slabs, emphasizing on the consequences of using a common design approach. For that, a comparative experimental study was conducted in order to expose differences regarding the crack pattern and load-deflection behavior. Then, finite element simulations were performed using the constitutive equations from the Model Code 2010. The results indicate distinct levels of overestimation of the structural behavior measured experimentally, confirming that specific design considerations are required depending on the type of fiber used. Based on the findings, correction factors are proposed for the design of FRC slabs with each fiber.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Supramolecular aggregates of metallo–organic acids with stilbazoles. Formation of columnar mesophases and Langmuir films

Producción CientíficaSupramolecular metal complexes formed through hydrogen bonding between tris(3,4,5-decyloxy)stilbazole and several metallo–organic acids of the type [Au(R)(CNC6H4CO2H)] (R = C6F5, C6F4OC10H21), [cis-[MCl2(CNC6H4COOH)2] and [trans-[MI2(CNC6H4COOH)2] (M = Pd, Pt) have been synthesized. All the supramolecular palladium and platinum polycatenar aggregates display a hexagonal columnar mesophase at temperatures close to room temperature. Most of the supramolecular trisalkoxystilbazole complexes exhibit luminescent behaviour. Aggregates of [Au(C6F4OC10H21)(CNC6H4CO2H)] and [trans-[MI2(CNC6H4COOH)2] (M = Pd, Pt) form stable Langmuir films at the air–water interface.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Projects CTQ2011-2513)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación - Ref. VA248A11-2

The Amide Group as Modulator of Crystalline and Liquid Crystalline Structures in Isocyano-alkylanilide Silver (I) Complexes

Producción CientíficaSilver(I) complexes [AgX(CNR] and [Ag(CNR)2]X (X = anionic ligand), containing an amide-functionalized isocyanide, CNR = CN-C6H4-NHCOR, have been synthesized and their X-ray structures have been determined for [Ag(X)(CN-C6H4-NHCOCH3)] (X = NO3ˉ, CF3SO3ˉ) and [Ag(CN-C6H4-NHCOCH3)2]X (X = NO3ˉ, CF3SO3ˉ, BF4ˉ). All the crystal structures show a packing of polymeric chains formed through Ag–O=Camide interactions. These chains associate in layers through hydrogen bonds involving the amide group, and by further interactions of the metal ion with oxygen-donor moieties. Substitution of the Me group in the amide by a nonyl chain (R = C9H19) leads to neutral [Ag(NO3)(CN-C6H4-NHCOC9H19)] and ionic [Ag(CN-C6H4-NHCOC9H19)2]X (X = NO3ˉ, CF3SO3ˉ, H25C12OSO3ˉ, BF4ˉ) mesomorphic complexes. All of them display smectic liquid crystalline phases compatible with the crystal structures found for the methyl derivatives, and FTIR/ATR spectroscopy confirms that the intermolecular interactions observed in the solid state are preserved in the mesophase.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CTQ2011-25137)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

Endogenous differential information

[ES] We include endogenous differential information in a model with sequential trade and incomplete financial participation. Agents update information through market signals given by commodity prices and asset deliveries. Information acts over admissible strategies and consumption tastes, allowing discontinuities in preferences and choice sets. Therefore, equilibrium may cease to exist. However, internalizing the compatibility between information and consumption through preferences, and without requiring either financial survival assumptions or fully revealing prices, equilibrium existence can be ensured

Electrical impedance as a technique for civil engineer structures surveillance : considerations on the galvanic insulation of samples

Since Electric Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been widely used to determine physical properties of materials, it becomes necessary to evaluate different error contributions. In this work, it is studied the effect of the current leakage due to the lack of galvanic insulation from sample to ground, which could distort the results. In order to known the effects of ground coupling, an electric equivalent model is developed to distinguish between the contribution of the sample impedance and the stray impedance one. Model values agree with measured ones.Peer Reviewe

Room‐Temperature Columnar Mesophases in Triazine–Gold Thiolate Metal–Organic Supramolecular Aggregates

Producción CientíficaSupramolecular mono‐ and dinuclear liquid‐crystalline gold(I) aggregates have been synthesized by means of hydrogen bond interactions of 2,4,6‐triarylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine with thiolate moities of gold metalloacids [Au(PR3)(SC6H4COOH)] or [μ‐(binap){Au(SC6H4COOH)}2], in 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratio, respectively. All of the supramolecular aggregates display a stable columnar hexagonal mesophase (Colh) at room‐temperature. The supramolecular arrangement within the columns consists of the one‐dimensional stacking of triazine units, with the core of the attached metallic thioacid fragments acting as the fourth branch. The phosphine‐containing moieties of the metallic thioacid protrude out in the aliphatic continuum. These complexes do not show metallophilic interactions, but this strategy appears very promising for the future design of room‐temperature LC mesophases containing interacting metallic fragments.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Proyect CTQ2011–25137)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA248 A11‐2

Perylenecarboxydiimide-Gold(I) Organometallic Dyes. Optical Properties and Langmuir Films

Producción CientíficaA new perylenediimide-isocyanide N,N’-bis(1-ethylpropyl)-1-isocyanide-perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (CN-PDI), as well as the isocyanide [AuY(CN-PDI)] and carbene [Au-Y-{C(NH-PDI) (NMe2)}] (Y = Cl, C6F5, 4-C6F4OC6H13, 1/2-μ-C6F4C6F4) gold complexes therefrom, have been synthesized and characterized. All complexes are strongly colored and display fluorescence in solution associated with the perylene fragment. The influence of the metal fragment on these properties is very small in the isocyanide complexes, but more pronounced in the carbene derivatives, revealing a higher electronic connection between the metal and the PDI group in the carbene-complexes. Stable Langmuir films are formed by CN-PDI, [C6F5-Au-CN-PDI] and [H13C6OC6F4-Au-CN-PDI], in which, remarkably, by varying the compression of the films at the air/water interface it is possible to modulate the molecular arrangement in LS multi-layered films.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad ((Project CTQ2014-52796-P)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación - Ref. VA302U13

MIVES multi-criteria approach for the evaluation, prioritization, and selection of public investment projects. A case study in the city of Barcelona

A meaningful contribution to the evaluation of heterogeneous public investments is described in this article. The proposed methodology provides a step towards sustainable urban planning in which decisions are taken according to clear, consistent and transparent criteria assisted by the MIVES multi-criteria analysis framework. The MIVES methodology combines multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) and multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT), incorporating the value function (VF) concept and assigning weights through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). First, a homogenization coefficient is calculated to develop the Prioritization Index for Heterogeneous Urban Investments (PIHUI), so that non-homogenous alternatives may be comparable. This coefficient measures the need of society to invest in each public project through the consideration of its contribution to the regional balance, the scope of its investment, the evaluation of the current situation and the values of the city. Then, the MIVES multi-criteria framework is used to evaluate the degree to which each investment would contribute to sustainable development. Different economic, environmental and social aspects were considered through a decision framework, constructed with the three aforementioned requirements, five criteria and eight indicators. The case study conducted for the Ecology, Urban Planning and Mobility Area of Barcelona municipal council is presented in this article, showing how this method performs accurate, consistent, and repeatable evaluations.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft