Prioridades de investigación en salud en las tesis universitarias en Puno, Perú

This research aimed to determine the frequency that national health research priority topics are addressed in university theses in Puno, Peru. This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in 482 theses approved between 2016 and 2018 in universities’ schools of medicine (25.10 %), nursing (46.47 %), nutrition (18.46 %) and psychology (9.95 %) in Puno. A greater proportion of descriptive (56.84 %) and non-experimental research works (90.45 %) were found. The priority topics were mental health (7.05 %); human resources (6.22 %); malnutrition and anemia (18.87 %); maternal, perinatal and neonatal mortality (4.77 %); tuberculosis (1.86 %); cancer (5.80 %); high blood pressure, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases (3.52 %); health policy and management (0.41 %); diabetes mellitus (7.46 %); and respiratory infections and pneumonia (5.60 %). Traffic accidents were not considered in this group. It is concluded that over 50 % of the theses from the universities in Puno address a health research priority topic.El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar cuál es la frecuencia con la que se abordan temas de prioridad nacional en investigación en las tesis universitarias en Puno, Perú. Es un estudio transversal y observacional en 482 tesis aprobadas entre 2016 y 2018 de las facultades de medicina (25,10 %), enfermería (46,47 %), nutrición (18,46 %) y psicología (9,95 %) de universidades de Puno. Encontramos una proporción mayor de trabajos descriptivos (56,84 %) con diseño no experimental (90,45 %). Las prioridades que se abordaron fueron salud mental (7,05 %), recursos humanos (6,22 %), malnutrición y anemia (18,87 %), mortalidad materna, perinatal y neonatal (4,77 %), tuberculosis (1,86 %), cáncer (5,80 %), hipertensión arterial, dislipidemias y enfermedades cardiovasculares (3,52 %), políticas y gestión en salud (0,41 %), diabetes mellitus (7,46 %) e infecciones respiratorias y neumonías (5,60 %). Los accidentes de tránsito no se han considerado en este grupo. Concluimos que más del 50 % de las tesis de las universidades de Puno abordan una prioridad de investigación en salud

Mental Disorders and Level of Resilience in Eight High-Altitude Cities of Peru during the Second Pandemic Wave: A Multicenter Population-Based Study

COVID-19 has led us to take preventive measures, such as social isolation, to reduce the high transmissibility of the disease. This could have affected the mental health of various population groups and the development of resilience as a mitigator. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 700 participants from eight cities. The dependent variables were depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The independent variable was resilience. Generalized logistic regressions were used to identify the associations between the variables. The population consisted mostly of university students (65.0%); the rest of the population was distributed among workers of public or private institutions, housewives, and others (35.0%). High prevalences of anxiety (72.7%), depression (64.1%), and PTSD (15.1%) were found, as well as a median (interquartile range) resilience score of 24 points was determined. Factors associated with a high prevalence of PTSD were having lost employment and having a family member who died from COVID-19. For depression, associated factors were severe food insecurity and hypersomnia. For anxiety, associated factors were were having a deceased family member with COVID-19 and mild food insecurity. Our results show that, during the pandemic, the general population had a higher prevalence of mental disorders. In addition, anxiety was the most prevalent of the dependent variables. Special attention should be paid to the factors influencing the development of mental disorders and mental health prevention and promotion programs should be established

Mental Disorders and Level of Resilience in Eight High-Altitude Cities of Peru during the Second Pandemic Wave: A Multicenter Population-Based Study

COVID-19 has led us to take preventive measures, such as social isolation, to reduce the high transmissibility of the disease. This could have affected the mental health of various population groups and the development of resilience as a mitigator. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 700 participants from eight cities. The dependent variables were depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The independent variable was resilience. Generalized logistic regressions were used to identify the associations between the variables. The population consisted mostly of university students (65.0%); the rest of the population was distributed among workers of public or private institutions, housewives, and others (35.0%). High prevalences of anxiety (72.7%), depression (64.1%), and PTSD (15.1%) were found, as well as a median (interquartile range) resilience score of 24 points was determined. Factors associated with a high prevalence of PTSD were having lost employment and having a family member who died from COVID-19. For depression, associated factors were severe food insecurity and hypersomnia. For anxiety, associated factors were were having a deceased family member with COVID-19 and mild food insecurity. Our results show that, during the pandemic, the general population had a higher prevalence of mental disorders. In addition, anxiety was the most prevalent of the dependent variables. Special attention should be paid to the factors influencing the development of mental disorders and mental health prevention and promotion programs should be established

Factors associated with fatalism in the face of COVID-19 in 20 Peruvian cities in March 2020

Introducción: La pandemia del COVID-19 ha generado reacciones diversas, pero estas aún no han sido medidas en la población latinoamericana. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la percepción de fatalismo ante la infección del COVID-19 en pobladores de 20 departamentos del Perú. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, de tipo multicéntrico que con una muestra de 2466 personas en 20 departamentos del Perú midió el fatalismo ante la pandemia del COVID-19 a través de una encuesta validada (Alpha Crombach: 0,78) que consistía en 7 ítems. El análisis estadístico fue realizado en función de mundo y el 9 % podrían tomar una decisión fatal. Las mujeres tuvieron mayor frecuencia de 3 de las conductas fatalistas (contagiarse p=0,020; contagiar a otros p=0,004 y deprimirse p=0,020). A mayor edad hubo 5 percepciones (contagiar a otros p=0,007; complicarse p<0,001; deprimirse p<0,001, pensar que morirían p<0,001 o suicidarse p=0,014). Los que tenían un riesgo para complicación por COVID-19 tuvieron 4 percepciones (contagiar a otros p=0,024; complicarse p=0,002; pensar que morirían p<0,001 y que esto es señal del fin del mundo p=0,039). El ser agnóstico tuvo menor frecuencia de 5 percepciones, el ser ateo en 2. Conclusión: Se halló muchas ideas fatalistas entre la población ante la pandemia de coronavirus