1,256 research outputs found
Observations of TeV gamma rays from Markarian 501 at large zenith angles
TeV gamma rays from the blazar Markarian 501 have been detected with the
University of Durham Mark 6 atmospheric Cerenkov telescope using the imaging
technique at large zenith angles. Observations were made at zenith angles in
the range 70 - 73 deg during 1997 July and August when Markarian 501 was
undergoing a prolonged and strong flare.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. G.: Nucl.
Part. Phy
Lagrangian approach to a symplectic formalism for singular systems
We develop a Lagrangian approach for constructing a symplectic structure for
singular systems. It gives a simple and unified framework for understanding the
origin of the pathologies that appear in the Dirac-Bergmann formalism, and
offers a more general approach for a symplectic formalism, even when there is
no Hamiltonian in a canonical sense. We can thus overcome the usual limitations
of the canonical quantization, and perform an algebraically consistent
quantization for a more general set of Lagrangian systems.Comment: 30 page
Correlated variability of Mkn 421 at X-ray and TeV wavelengths on timescales of hours
Mkn 421 was observed for about two days with BeppoSAX, prior to and partly
overlapping the start of a 1 week continuous exposure with ASCA in April 1998,
as part of a world-wide multiwavelength campaign. A pronounced, well defined,
flare observed in X-rays was also observed simultaneously at TeV energies by
the Whipple Observatory's 10 m gamma-ray telescope. These data provide the
first evidence that the X-ray and TeV intensities are well correlated on
time-scales of hours.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, presented at the VERITAS Workshop on the TeV
Astrophysics of Extragalactic Object
Restorative Justice for Sexual Violence Offences in England and Wales: The Challenges ahead.
While an increased number of restorative justice (RJ) cases involving sexual violence is observed across England and Wales, the extent and scope of its use, remains unclear. This article presents findings of a brief survey distributed amongst RJ practitioners across England and Wales which aimed to understand the use of RJ in cases of sexual violence. We found that while RJ is widely used in such cases, a comprehensive national picture remains unknown. We found problems both collating and analysing the data because of definitional differences, varying organisational recording mechanisms (within and between organisations and geographical boundaries) plus a lack of national direction across the criminal justice system (CJS). We call for the development of a sound evidence base that will promote and support the use of RJ for cases involving sexual violence
Imaging defects in a plate with complex geometries
This paper discusses a defect imaging technique using signals containing multiple reflected waves, for a plate with complex geometries, in which direct waves from a generating point to a receiving point cannot be measured. This technique utilizes a characteristic of flexural vibrations wherein the amplitude of the received signals is approximately inversely proportional to the thickness of the source of the elastic wave when a laser pulse is applied to the surface of the plate. First, a theoretical modal analysis elucidated that the amplitude distributions obtained by scanning the laser source of the elastic waves consist of thickness distributions and spurious distributions caused by multiple reflections in the plate. The amplitude distributions were then experimentally obtained for a complex-shaped plate with an artificial defect. The distributions were found to consist of a defect image as well as spurious images, and this agreed well with the theoretical discussions. Clearer defect images with small spurious images were obtained even for a plate with complex geometries by taking an average of the images obtained at multiple frequencies
Multifractal Analysis of inhomogeneous Bernoulli products
We are interested to the multifractal analysis of inhomogeneous Bernoulli
products which are also known as coin tossing measures. We give conditions
ensuring the validity of the multifractal formalism for such measures. On
another hand, we show that these measures can have a dense set of phase
transitions
New decoding algorithms for Hidden Markov Models using distance measures on labellings
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Existing hidden Markov model decoding algorithms do not focus on approximately identifying the sequence feature boundaries.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We give a set of algorithms to compute the conditional probability of all labellings "near" a reference labelling <it>λ </it>for a sequence <it>y </it>for a variety of definitions of "near". In addition, we give optimization algorithms to find the best labelling for a sequence in the robust sense of having all of its feature boundaries nearly correct. Natural problems in this domain are <it>NP</it>-hard to optimize. For membrane proteins, our algorithms find the approximate topology of such proteins with comparable success to existing programs, while being substantially more accurate in estimating the positions of transmembrane helix boundaries.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>More robust HMM decoding may allow for better analysis of sequence features, in reasonable runtimes.</p
Multifractal properties of power-law time sequences; application to ricepiles
We study the properties of time sequences extracted from a self-organized
critical system, within the framework of the mathematical multifractal
analysis. To this end, we propose a fixed-mass algorithm, well suited to deal
with highly inhomogeneous one dimensional multifractal measures. We find that
the fixed mass (dual) spectrum of generalized dimensions depends on both the
system size L and the length N of the sequence considered, being however stable
when these two parameters are kept fixed. A finite-size scaling relation is
proposed, allowing us to define a renormalized spectrum, independent of size
effects.We interpret our results as an evidence of extremely long-range
correlations induced in the sequence by the criticality of the systemComment: 12 pages, RevTex, includes 9 PS figures, Phys. Rev. E (in press
On the Foundation of the Relativistic Dynamics with the Tachyon
The theoretical foundation of the object moving faster than light in vacuum
({\it tachyon}) is still missing or incomplete. Here we present the classical
foundation of the relativistic dynamics including the tachyon. An anomalous
sign-factor extracted from the transformation of
under the Lorentz transformation, which has been always missed in the usual
formulation of the tachyon, has a crucial role in the dynamics of the tachyon.
Due to this factor the mass of the tachyon transforms in the unusual way
although the energy and momentum, which are defined as the conserved quantities
in all uniformly moving systems, transform in the usual way as in the case of
the object moving slower than light ({\it bradyon}). We show that this result
can be also obtained from the least action approach. On the other hand, we show
that the ambiguities for the description of the dynamics for the object moving
with the velocity of light ({\it luxon}) can be consistently removed only by
introducing a new dynamical variable. Furthermore, by using the fundamental
definition of the momentum and energy we show that the zero-point energy for
any kind of the objects, {\it i.e.}, the tachyon, bradyon, and luxon, which has
been known as the undetermined constant, should satisfy some constraints for
consistency, and we note that this is essentially another novel relativistic
effect. Finally, we remark about the several unsolved problems.Comment: 39 pages, latex, 15 figures avaliable upon reques
âPalliative care education in nursing homes: a qualitative evaluation of telementoring
There is an increasing need to support nursing homes in palliative care to reduce suffering and avoid unnecessary hospital admissions at the end of life. Providing education to nursing homes faces many barriers including structural systems and cultural issues. In order to overcome some of these barriers, education using Project Extension for Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) methodology has been delivered to nursing homes throughout a large city in England. This paper aims to explore participant experience in Project ECHO for nursing homes.
Methodology Qualitative semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of nursing home staff. Interviews were conducted by one researcher and transcribed verbatim. Line-by-line coding and categorisation were used to form themes.
Results Eleven interviews were completed with data saturation reached by interview eight. The following themes were revealed: Barriers and facilitators to accessing Project ECHO, Community of Practice and Communication with nursing homes and data extraction.
Conclusion Project ECHO is an accessible, acceptable and engaging way of delivering palliative care education to nursing homes combatting some of the traditional barriers that nursing homes face in accessing training
- âŠ