Advection schemes and grid design

We discuss the characteristics of the first order advection scheme in coastal areas. In particular we focus our attention on the relationship between the geometry of the coast, as represented in the computational grid, and the wave fields derived from a numerical model. Having considered an alternative scheme, we show how the results may depend substantially on the characteristics of the scheme. It follows that, when modelling in coastal areas, the grid distribution and the advection scheme should be chosen taking reciprocal account of their characteristics

The transfer of wind waves from the shelf to the coastal zone

We analyse and discuss the main processes that affect the characteristics of wind waves while these move through the coastal zone, towards the shore. The focus is on the influence of each process on the final results and on the overall accuracy. To this aim we make full use of two large data sets collected at different locations. Model and measured data are repeatedly compared, providing evidence of the relevance of the different processes

A Lexicographic product for Signed Graphs

A signed graph is a pair = (G; ), where G = (V (G);E(G)) is a graph and E(G) {+1;−1} is the sign function on the edges of G. The notion of composition (also known as lexicographic product) of two signed graphs and = (H; ) already exists in literature, yet it fails to map balanced graphs onto balanced graphs. We improve the existing denition showing that our `new' signature on the lexicographic product of G and H behaves well with respect to switching equivalence. Signed regularities and some spectral properties are also discussed

Long term directional wave recording in the Northern Adriatic Sea

We report on the instrumental system used on an oceanographic tower for the directional measurement of wind waves. The associated time series is one of the longest ones in the world. After a compact description of the instrumental part, we present some long term statistics of the wave conditions in the Northern Adriatic Sea. Then we discuss the applications of the results and the possible evolution of the system

PBO textile embedded in FRCM for confinement of r.c. columns

Results of experimental tests on two reinforced concrete columns confined with PBO-FRCM jacketing subject to axial load and bending moments are presented, showing the effectiveness of the confinement system. Comparison of test results against theoretical results derived by a fiber model stress the ability of the confinement system to enhance both strength and deformation capacity of the confined concret

A PROCEDURE FOR THE PROBABILISTIC ASSESSMENT OF MASONRY STRUCTURES UNDER TSUNAMI

Assessment of Tsunami vulnerability of coastal buildings has gained high interest in the last years for the areas characterized by a high Tsunami hazard. A probabilistic representation of vulnerability is performed by fragility curves, fundamental tools to define possible strategies for risk mitigation. Different prediction approaches can be used for obtaining analytical fragility curves. In this paper, a prediction proposal to be used for masonry structures typical of the Mediterranean coasts based on simplified structural analyses and damage indexes is presented. Different damage states are considered and inundation depth is assumed as input intensity measure. The uncertainties in the demand by the definition of the probability distribution of the inundation scenarios are considered. Further, the uncertainties in the structural capacity are included. Monte Carlo simulations are performed for the scope of this work

Analysis of local shear effects in brick masonry infilled RC frames

Masonry infills panels placed among framed structures meshes have a relevant influence in presence seismic actions in terms of strength stiffness and global displacement capacity. In the case of RC structures, the modifications of internal forces due to infill-frame interaction may be not compatible with surrounding frame members strength especially considering additional shear forces arising at the ends of beams and columns in contact with the panel under lateral actions. Such effects may be in many cases the cause of unexpected brittle collapse mechanisms which compromise the safety of the entire structure. In this paper by means of a double (micromodeling and macromodeling) procedure regarding RC meshes infilled with hollow brick masonry, a parametric study is provided defining a connection between local shear forces in critical frame regions and axial force on diagonal pin jointed strut. Proposed strategy allows to predict effective local shear forces using the simple macromodeling approach to reproduce the effect of masonry infills in models