Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor na infância e eventos obstétricos

Objective: Investigate and analyze the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development in children aged 0 to 12 years. The research aims to contribute to understanding the impacts of these events on child development, providing insights that can guide obstetric practices, early interventions, and strategies for promoting health in childhood.Introduction: Contextualization and relevance of the study, addressing the importance of understanding the influence of obstetric events on neuropsychomotor child development. The need to explore this relationship is emphasized to inform obstetric practices and intervention strategies that promote healthy development in childhood. Methodology: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scielo, and Latindex databases using terms related to neuropsychomotor development and obstetric events. The DeCS terms used included "Neurology," "Growth and Development," "Child Development," "Obstetric Delivery," "Child Psychiatry," and "Adverse Birth Outcomes," combined with boolean operators AND and OR. Conclusion: The conclusion highlights the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development. Understanding risk factors guides prevention and personalized interventions, addressing neonatal vulnerability. Evaluation and diagnosis are vital for adapted support, and therapeutic interventions drive progress. Emphasis on prevention, family support, research, and advocacy is crucial for inclusive environments and healthy development.Objetivo: Investigar e analisar a relação entre eventos obstétricos e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 0 a 12 anos. A pesquisa visa contribuir para a compreensão dos impactos desses eventos no desenvolvimento infantil, fornecendo insights que possam orientar práticas obstétricas, intervenções precoces e estratégias de promoção da saúde na infância. Introdução: Contextualização e relevância do estudo, abordando a importância de compreender a influência dos eventos obstétricos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Destaca-se a necessidade de explorar essa relação para informar práticas obstétricas e estratégias de intervenção que promovam um desenvolvimento saudável na infância. Metodologia: Foram conduzidas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Latindex usando termos relacionados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eventos obstétricos. Os DeCs utilizados incluíram "Neurologia", "Crescimento e Desenvolvimento", "Desenvolvimento Infantil", "Parto Obstétrico", "Psiquiatria Infantil" e "Desfechos Adversos do Nascimento", combinados por operadores booleanos AND e OR. Conclusão: A conclusão destaca a relação entre eventos obstétricos e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Entender fatores de risco guia prevenção e intervenções personalizadas, atendendo à vulnerabilidade neonatal. Avaliação e diagnóstico são vitais para suporte adaptado, e intervenções terapêuticas impulsionam o progresso. A ênfase em prevenção, suporte familiar, pesquisa e advocacia é crucial para ambientes inclusivos e o desenvolvimento saudável

Uma análise crítica do acordo de associação estratégica entre a União Européia e a América Latina e o Caribe: a Cúpula de Viena

No artigo se realiza um exame crítico das relações entre a União Européia, América Latina e Caribe. O objetivo é explicitar a "associação estratégica" entre aqueles parceiros, proposta no Rio de Janeiro em 1999 e reiterada pela Cúpula de Viena em 2006. O texto pretende mostrar ainda por que estas reuniões não conseguiram uma aproximação efetiva

Overview of newborn hearing screening programs in Brazilian maternity hospitals

INTRODUCTION: Newborn hearing screening has as its main objective the early identification of hearing loss in newborns and infants. In order to guarantee good results, quality indicators for newborn hearing screening programs are used as benchmarks. OBJECTIVE: To observe and describe the reality of national newborn hearing screening programs in Brazil, and to evaluate if they can be referred to as having quality indicators. METHODS: Integrative literature review in databases such as MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, and Google. RESULTS: 22 articles were analyzed in relation to newborn hearing screening coverage, the place and period newborn hearing screening was performed, initial results, referral to diagnostic procedures, loss to follow-up, and occurrence of hearing loss. CONCLUSION: Transient otoacoustic emissions were the most often used screening methodology. Coverage varied widely, and only a few maternity wards achieved 95% of the cases screened. Referral to diagnostic procedures was under 4%, but lack of adherence can be considered a barrier to successful follow-up. The occurrence of hearing loss ranged from 0% to 1.09%. The involvement of government, physicians, and society is necessary, so that the goals of newborn hearing screening can be achieved

Smoking cessation treatment outcomes among people with and without mental and substance use disorders:An observational real-world study

AbstractBackground:There is a lack of studies evaluating smoking cessation treatment protocols which include people with and without mental and substance use disorders (MSUD), and which allows for individuals with MSUD undergoing their psychiatric treatment.Methods:We compared treatment success between participants with (n = 277) and without (n = 419) MSUD among patients in a 6-week treatment provided by a Brazilian Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) from 2007 to 2013. Sociodemographic, medical and tobacco use characteristics were assessed at baseline. Tobacco treatment consisted of 1) group cognitive behavior therapy, which included people with and without MSUD in the same groups, and 2) pharmacotherapy, which could include either nicotine patches, nicotine gum, bupropion or nortriptyline. For participants with MSUD, tobacco treatment was integrated into their ongoing mental health treatment. The main outcome was 30-day point prevalence abstinence, measured at last day of treatment.Results:Abstinence rates did not differ significantly between participants with and without MSUD (31.1% and 34.4%, respectively). Variables that were significantly associated with treatment success included years smoking, the Heaviness of Smoking Index, and use of nicotine patch or bupropion.Conclusions:The inclusion of individuals with and without MSUD in the same protocol, allowing for individuals with MSUD undergoing their psychiatric treatment, generates at least comparable success rates between the groups. Predictors of treatment success were similar to those found in the general population. Facilities that treat patients with MSUD should treat tobacco use in order to reduce the disparities in morbidity and mortality experienced by this population

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora