Quantitative Sex Differentations of Motor Abilities in Children Aged 11–14

Sex differentiations of motor development in certain time periods of growing in boys and girls are changes provoked by maturity. The aim of this research was to establish sex differentiations in motor abilities on the transversal sample of 1020 subjects, pupils from the fifth to the eighth grade of the elementary school. Sex differentiations are significantly more expressed in puberty than in pre-puberty age, which approves that the development trend of certain motor abilities is different compared to the sex. We established a statistically significant difference between boys and girls in performing applied motor tests in all four age categories. In both younger and older age groups it is evident girls are more superior to boys in flexibility manifested in the bigger range of movement in a certain joint or a set of joints, i.e. in joint movability, as well as in the easiness and gracefulness of movements. In children of younger ages, motor efficiency of boys in relation to girls is manifested in the greater power of the trunk, greater explosive power of jump and sprint type and in coordination. The boys of older age have increased the difference in explosive power, particularly of throw type with better agility, equilibrium and greater static strength of arm and shoulder belt. There has evidently been a greater development of the muscle mass in the male sex compared to the female sex. On the basis of research results it has been concluded that the motor development follows faster, i.e. sooner in girls compared to boys and that puberty peak happens at the age of twelve for girls (6th grade) and at the age of thirteen for boys (7th grade)

Konsumenters engagemang gentemot varumärken på sociala medier

Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka drivkrafter som bidrar till att konsumenter följer varumärken på sociala medier samt undersöka om det finns skillnader mellan män och kvinnor. Uppsatsens forskningsstrategi är en kvantitativ metod med ett deduktivt angreppssätt. Uppsatsens primärdata består av ett frågeformulär där respondenter besvarade frågor associerade till teorierna på en sjugradig likertskala. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgår ifrån Enginkaya och Yilmaz (2014) fem dimensioner som vi valt att förklara genom teorierna; varumärkespersonlighet, individens självbild, eWom, interaktivitet, kampanjbenägenhet samt inneboende motivation. Empirin baseras på ett frågeformulär som besvarades av 213 respondenter. Utav 213 respondenter är 112 män och 101 kvinnor i åldrarna 18-40 år. I vår undersökning fann vi signifikanta skillnader mellan kvinnor och män inom varje dimension vi studerade. Kvinnor anses vara mer engagerade och mer positiva till varumärkens närvaro på sociala medier. Dimensionen som föredrogs mest av respondenterna var conversation som är det största motivet för konsumentengagemang på varumärkens sociala medier.The purpose of the study is to examine the incentives that lead consumers to follow brands on social media. The essay research strategy is a quantitative method with a deductive approach. The essays primary data consists of a questionnaire in which respondents answered the questions associated to the theories on a seven-point Likert scale. The theoretical framework is based on Enginkaya and Yilmaz (2014) five dimensions that we have chosen to explain through the theories; brand personality, the individual's self-image, eWom, interactivity, campaign propensity and intrinsic motivation. The empirical data is based on a questionnaire answered by 213 respondents. Out of 213 respondents, 112 are men and 101 are women within the ages of 18-40. In our study we found significant differences between men and women within each dimension we studied. Women are considered to be more dedicated and more positive to brand's presence on social media. The dimension that was preferred most from our respondents was conversation, which is the main motive for consumer involvement on brands social media