What people think about medicines : the relationship between medication beliefs and adherence to antidepressant therapy : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University

Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder seen in primary care and treatment with antidepressant medication has been shown to be an effective treatment. Non-adherence to treatment regimens is considered by many to be the most serious challenge facing medical practice today. Research on medication adherence has more recently shifted its focus to the cognitive factors (i.e., patient beliefs) that determine adherence. Prior research has shown that pre-treatment perception of benefits and barriers to medication predict initial medication adherence. To contribute to this emerging literature, the present study assessed 85 depressed primary care patients about their beliefs in the necessity for and concerns about antidepressant therapy, and reported adherence using validated questionnaires (BMQ, Home, Weinman, & Hankins, 1999; MARS. Home & Weinman, 2002). The results of the present study showed no relationship between patient beliefs about the necessity of antidepressant therapy for their health and reported adherence. As predicted, participants holding stronger concerns about the potential adverse effects of the medication and stronger necessity beliefs, compared to concerns beliefs, reported increased rates of adherence. Depression severity was found to be associated with reported adherence, but was independent of the relationship between medication concerns and adherence. The present study replicated previous research and added further support for the theoretical basis of medication adherence by showing that there are similar theoretically based, determinants of adherence among patients with chronic physical health issues and those with mental health issues

L’historiographie parallaxiale et la flâneuse : le cinéma pré- et postclassique

L'historiographie parallaxiale renvoie à la manière par laquelle le cinéma des premiers temps apparaît lorsqu'il est considéré selon la perspective de la fin du XXe siècle. Le présent article traite des parallèles qu'on peut établir entre la première décennie du cinéma et la diversification des médias visuels dans les deux dernières décennies du siècle. Ces similitudes ont été théorisées par les chercheuses féministes Miriam Hansen, Anne Friedberg et Giuliana Bruno, qui ont soutenu que les sphères publiques caractéristiques de ces deux périodes ont engendré une forme de spectatorat très différente de celle que proposait la « théorie du dispositif ». La diversité des médias et des positions de lecture, ainsi que les diverses architectures de réception, semblent renvoyer à un certain modèle de modernité et à un regard qui offre un espace au spectatorat féminin. Le présent article tente de résumer et de rassembler ces théories en insistant particulièrement sur leur valeur à titre d'historiographie du cinéma des premiers temps.Parallax historiography refers to the way that early cinema comes into focus from the perspective of the end of the 20th century. This essay examines the parallels between the first decade of cinema and the diversification of visual media in the 1980s and 90s, similarities which have been theorized by the feminist film scholars Miriam Hansen, Anne Friedberg and Giuliana Bruno. These theorists have argued that the public spheres of these two periods solicit a very different form of spectatorship than that theorized by "apparatus theory." The diversity of media and of viewing positions, as well as the various architectures of reception, suggest a model of modernity and a gaze that offers a space for female spectatorship. This essay summarizes and collates these theories, foregrounding their value as a historiography of early cinema

Immersion In Another Culture: Paradoxical Experiences Considered For Teachers And Students In University Classrooms

We have worked, learned, and lived in Indonesia. These experiences prompted Roger’s PhD dissertation entitled: Expatriate Managers’ Immersion in Another Culture: A Phenomenological Study of Lived Experiences. The findings of this research uncovered eight paradoxical experiences that were lived by persons who were immersed in another culture. We have shared these paradoxes with others and have found that they, too, have experienced similar situations and feelings. We believe that these paradoxes are universal and could be viewed from the perspective of teachers in university classrooms and their students, each of whom may or may not “come from away”. By taking the opportunity to illustrate these paradoxes from individuals’ perspectives in this paper, understanding will ensue about what it is like to be immersed in another culture, thus transcending understanding -- to seeing the phenomenon (being immersed in another culture) in a new light. This insight will assist teachers and students from different cultures to feel understood and supported in classrooms

Prediction of sedimentary architecture and lithological heterogeneity in fluvial point-bar deposits

Point-bar deposits in meandering rivers preserve lithological heterogeneities that influence hydrocarbon production. Here, a series of methodologies are used to determine the lateral extent, accretion history, and internal facies heterogeneity of fluvial point-bar deposits to improve subsurface prediction and reconstructions of exhumed meander belts. A novel quantitative Intersection Shape methodology has been developed to describe the morphology of meandering fluvial reaches using data from 260 active and 10 abandoned meander bends from 13 river reaches in different physiographic environments. The resulting classification scheme describes 25 meander morphologies in 4 parent groups (open asymmetric, angular, bulbous, open symmetric). Results are expressed graphically enabling visual assessment and comparison. The overall scroll-bar pattern type (22 shapes in 8 parent groups) can be divided into growth phases and shapes derived from the Intersection Shape methodology overlain on the scroll-bar pattern to find best-fits and determine a meander-bend accretion history. A map of predicted relative heterogeneity can be constructed that accounts for the bend growth history and downstream fining trends. Abandonment mechanisms that individual meanders undergo (neck cut-off, chute cutoff, neck cut-off on converging limbs) affect the lateral extent of the resultant point-bar deposits. Active point-bar deposits are dominantly equidimensional (1:1) whereas abandoned point-bar deposits exhibit both rounded (1:1) and elongated (1:<1) shapes in near-equal proportion. Focussing on abandoned point-bar deposits in an active reach may lead to underestimation of the lateral dimensions of amalgamated fluvial point-bar deposits. By rigorously describing the shape, dimensions, and relative proportions of point-bar deposits in meandering fluvial systems the methodologies developed here avoid such underestimation and can be applied to: (i) generate testable hypotheses of heterogeneity for modern systems; (ii) develop models of lithological heterogeneity in ancient systems based on identification of analogous processes between modern and ancient fluvial systems; and (iii) infer the accretion history of exhumed systems

My Baby Bird - Living With Type 1 Diabetes: A Phenomenological Analysis

“This is a life-changing experience for all of us. You have one child with diabetes and your whole family has diabetes” (Isenberger, 2009, p. 134). More than two million Canadians have diabetes; 10% live with type 1 diabetes, involving the pancreas not being able to produce insulin (Canadian Diabetes Association, 2009). The incidence of type 1 diabetes is greater than has previously been described (Karvonen et al, 2000). One longitudinal phenomenological study used interviews for data collection to uncover family members’ lived experiences when their children (aged 9-14) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (Wennick &amp; Hallstrom, 2006, 2007; Wennick, Lundqvist, &amp; Hallström, 2009). Interestingly, Balfe (2009) wrote, “young adults with type 1 diabetes are a “forgotten group” (p. 128). The purpose of our ongoing phenomenological research is to explore the experiences of young adults and their family members. We are having challenges recruiting potential participants (individuals and their family members) to write about and email their experiences living with or having a young adult member who lives with type 1 diabetes; however, we have one description of a lived experience written by a young adult which is so eloquent, that we wanted to share it with others. We have completed a Giorgi (2009; Giorgi &amp; Giorgi, 2003) descriptive phenomenological analysis guided by the humanbecoming theory for nurses (Parse, 1998) and have related the findings to the literature. This paper includes a moving metaphorical illustration about what it is like for one young adult to live with type 1 diabetes.

Conformational studies of some small biological molecules and their interactions with metal ions

The solid Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes and complex salts of some thiamine analogues have been prepared. Their electronic spectra, I.R. spectra and Magnetic Moments are presented and discussed in terms of suggested coordination geometries for the complexes. In addition the solution conformations of the Gd(III), Dy(III) and Ho (III) complexes of some 3' , 5' cyclic nucleotides were determined quantitatively using NMR line broadening and line shifting techniques. Reactions of Mn(II) with the cyclic nucleotides were used to find the preferred binding sites on the ligands also using line broadening techniques

An investigation into factors affecting breeding success in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)

Wild populations of Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) were thought to be under the threat of extinction from devil facial tumour disease (DFTD). To ensure this species’ survival, an insurance population was developed in 2005 with the aim of saving the devils from extinction and to maintain 95% of the wild genetic diversity for 50 years. To achieve this aim breeding success needs to be optimal. Within this PhD I explore factors influencing the breeding success within the Tasmania devil insurance population. The major findings are: i) in order to improve breeding success females should be bred at the onset of sexual maturity at age two. Pairing is recommended in the first oestrous period, and females should be paired with older males (Chapter 2), ii) multiple paternity has been documented for the first time and appears to be a common female reproductive strategy. This could have positive implications for the captive breeding program by increasing genetic diversity within litters, iii) additionally, and for the first time, precocial male breeding has been documented in populations where older cohorts have succumbed to DFTD (Chapter 3), iv) I have demonstrated that disruptive selection on MHC Class-I loci significantly enhances devil reproductive success (Chapter 4) and v) through hormone analyses, I have confirmed, that the timing of pairing of devils by zoo keepers is in line with female receptivity, and that glucocorticoid levels do not appear to affect captive devil reproductive success (Chapter 5). My thesis has explored the behavioural, animal husbandry and genetic factors influencing breeding success in captive populations. I highlight new life history traits and breeding strategies that could greatly enhance the success of the captive breeding program and which may well prove successful in other endangered species where breeding success is suboptimal

Expatriate Managers: Powerful Or Powerless?

This presentation will focus on expatriate managers for whom successful cross-cultural adjustment is imperative in overall effectiveness during overseas postings. Unfortunately, employers often blame the individual when assignments fail rather than taking responsibility themselves (Deresky 2002; Hodgetts &amp; Luthans 2006; Swaak 1995; Tung 1987). A study of Canadians employed in international non-government organizations in Indonesia will be presented. This research focussed on describing the lived experience of these managers using their own words. Written descriptions were analyzed/synthesized using Giorgi&rsquo;s descriptive phenomenological method (Giorgi 1975; 1985; Giorgi &amp; Giorgi 2003). One of the research findings was the paradoxical feelings of powerfulness/powerlessness as experienced by the participants. Intriguingly, the expatriate manager&rsquo;s position as foreigner (readily identified through &lsquo;observable differences&rsquo;), brings power and status, but also feelings of being powerless in certain situations. At the same time, awareness of one&rsquo;s &lsquo;minority status&rsquo; in combination with the large cultural differences between Canadians and Indonesians provides a potent and challenging lived experience for the expatriates (Mendenhall &amp; Wiley 1994). The new knowledge uncovered may result in alterations of present international human resource management practices and strategies in relation to expatriation, thereby improving the performance of expatriates and organizations

A Study Of Indonesian Host Country Nationals' Perspectives: What Expatriates Should Know

Expatriates live many paradoxical experiences while being immersed in another culture (Russell, 2006; Osland &amp; Osland, 2006; Russell &amp; Dickie, 2007; Russell &amp; Aquino-Russell, 2010; 2011). This led us to wonder what it might be like for host country nationals (HCNs) to work with expatriates in their own country. There is literature describing the changing of business, communication, and cultural practices so that expatriates can be more successful and more culturally congruent (Selmer, 2000; Banuta-Gomez, 2002; Montagliani &amp; Giacalone, 1998; Hawkins, 1983; Peppas, 2004), but is this really happening from the HCN’s perspectives? This study focused on describing the lived experience of Indonesian employees using their own words. Written descriptions were analyzed/synthesized using Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological method (Giorgi, 1975; 1985; 2009; Giorgi &amp; Giorgi, 2003). The central finding points to a ‘disconnect’ between two worlds and paradoxical ways of being for Indonesians while working for Western-based organizations at home. The new knowledge may enhance knowledge for managers which could in turn alter management practices in relation to valuing HCNs for their contributions to Western organizations