Cost-benefit analysis of preventive management for zebra and quagga mussels in the Colorado-Big Thompson System, A

Department Head: Stephen pages Davies.Includes bibliographical references (pages 148-152).The introduction of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussels (D. bugensis) to the western U.S. has water managers considering strategies to prevent or slow their spread. In Colorado, the Department of Wildlife (CDOW) has implemented a statewide mandatory boat inspection program. This study builds a bioeconomic model to simulate a mussel invasion and associated control costs for a connected Colorado water system, and compares the costs of the CDOW boat inspection program to the expected reduction in control costs to infrastructure. Results suggest that preventative management is effective at reducing the probability that mussels invade, but the costs may exceed the benefits of reduced control costs to infrastructure. The risk of invasion, the spatial layout of a system, the type of infrastructure, and the level of control costs associated with a system are key variables in determining net benefits of preventative management

The Pesticide Notification Network: An E-Source for Agriculture

The Pesticide Notification Network (PNN) is WSU\u27s unique way of distributing information about changes in pesticide registration to the agricultural community. The PNN uses a Web-based computer program to build a targeted distribution list for each notification and then distributes the notifications via e-mail. PNN users tailor their subscriptions by both crop and pesticide type. Using the PNN\u27s capabilities, a tree fruit entomologist can elect to only receive notifications about insecticides for use on tree fruit, while the Washington Hop Commission receives every hop-related PNN notification. Using programming capabilities the PNN distributes the right information to the right people

Comment Coordinators: Connecting Stakeholders and Regulatory Agencies

The Western Regional Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Center uses a new approach to provide effective and timely stakeholder input to USDA and EPA regarding pesticide use. The Western IPM Center has funded two positions, termed Comment Coordinators, to gather regional information to address use questions that arise as pesticides undergo re-registration review. Through this process, growers and Extension agents also become aware of potential issues with their crop-protection tools. Providing a voice for stakeholders within regulatory agencies strengthens existing Extension efforts. The concept of a dedicated interface between stakeholders and regulators is valuable in situations where stakeholder input is desired

Small Science: A Tool and Tips for Converting Food Science Demonstrations into Public Inquiry Experiences

Small-scale science activities provide an opportunity for engagement of diverse, large audiences at settings such as 4-H fairs. We present practical information for implementation of small-scale food science experiences in the Extension education context. Our focus is description of a tool for adaptation of activities for inquiry-based learning and tips for miniaturization of activities to save on costs and resources

Theme Overview: Agriculture and Water Quality in the Cornbelt: Overview of Issues and Approaches

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Q25,

Mixer quali et quanti pour quoi faire ? Méthodologie sans épistémologie n'est que ruine de réflexion

Cette communication vise à aider les chercheurs à élaborer un design de recherche globalement cohérent. Elle met en lumière l'importance fondamentale de situer les réflexions concerant les méthodes de recherche mixtes, tout autant que celle uniquement quantitatives ou uniquement qualitatives, dans un cadre épistémologique explicite. Elle examine le rôle et l'apport potentiel de ces méthodes dans trois des principaux paradigmes épistémologiques contemporains en sciences des organisations : le positivisme, le réalisme critique et le constructivisme pragmatique. Il ressort de l'étude réalisée que la combinaison de méthodes idiographiques et nomothétiques n'est envisageable et potentiellement féconde que dans le paradigme épistémologique positiviste et dans une séquence particulière : étude idiographique pour la génération de connnaissances.méthodes mixtes; réalisme critique; paradigme épistémologique;constructiviste pragmatique;génération de connaissances ; justification de connaissances

Efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation in anxiety disorders: Subgroup analysis of the randomized, active- and placebo-controlled EAGLES trial.

BackgroundSmoking rates are high in adults with anxiety disorders (ADs), yet little is known about the safety and efficacy of smoking-cessation pharmacotherapies in this group.MethodsPost hoc analyses in 712 smokers with AD (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], n = 192; generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], n = 243; panic disorder [PD], n = 277) and in a nonpsychiatric cohort (NPC; n = 4,028). Participants were randomly assigned to varenicline, bupropion, nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), or placebo plus weekly smoking-cessation counseling for 12 weeks, with 12 weeks follow-up. General linear models were used to test the effects of treatment group, cohort, and their interaction on neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPSAEs), and continuous abstinence weeks 9-12 (treatment) and 9-24 (follow-up).ResultsNPSAE incidence for PTSD (6.9%), GAD (5.4%), and PD (6.2%) was higher versus NPC (2.1%), regardless of treatment. Across all treatments, smokers with PTSD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.58), GAD (OR = 0.72), and PD (OR = 0.53) had lower continuous abstinence rates weeks 9-12 (CAR9-12) versus NPC. Varenicline demonstrated superior efficacy to placebo in smokers with GAD and PD, respectively (OR = 4.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20-17.10; and OR = 8.49; 95% CI = 1.57-45.78); NRT was superior to placebo in smokers with PD (OR = 7.42; 95% CI = 1.37-40.35). While there was no statistically significant effect of any treatment on CAR9-12 for smokers with PTSD, varenicline improved 7-day point prevalence abstinence at end of treatment in this subcohort.ConclusionIndividuals with ADs were more likely than those without psychiatric illness to experience moderate to severe NPSAEs during smoking-cessation attempts, regardless of treatment. While the study was not powered to evaluate abstinence outcomes with these subgroups of smokers with ADs, varenicline provided significant benefit for cessation in those with GAD and PD, while NRT provided significant benefit for those with PD