Mapeamento do locos de resistência à ferrugem asiática no genótipo PI 200526 (SHIRANUI).

Autoria: ARIAS, C. C. [i.e. A.]

Digital restoration of colour cinematic films using imaging spectroscopy and machine learning

Digital restoration is a rapidly growing methodology within the field of heritage conservation, especially for early cinematic films which have intrinsically unstable dye colourants that suffer from irreversible colour fading. Although numerous techniques to restore film digitally have emerged recently, complex degradation remains a challenging problem. This paper proposes a novel vector quantization (VQ) algorithm for restoring movie frames based on the acquisition of spectroscopic data with a custom-made push-broom VNIR hyperspectral camera (380–780 nm). The VQ algorithm utilizes what we call a multi-codebook that correlates degraded areas with corresponding non-degraded ones selected from reference frames. The spectral-codebook was compared with a professional commercially available film restoration software (DaVinci Resolve 17) tested both on RGB and on hyperspectral providing better results in terms of colour reconstruction

Validação de marcadores moleculares microssatélites ligados ao gene Rps1-k de resistência à podridão radicular de fitóftora em soja.

O fungo Phytophthora sojae constitui uma das principais doenças que limitam a produtividade da soja. Com isso esse trabalho objetivou a validação de marcadores moleculares microssatélites ligados ao gene Rps1-k, que confere resistência a P. sojae, para serem utilizados no programa de seleção assistida ao melhoramento. Para identificar marcadores ligados ao gene que confere resistência a fitófora, uma população segregante F2 de 138 individuos foram produzidos a partir do cruzamento entre Williams82 (Rps1-k) e BRS133 (suscetível). Os resultados das análises fenotípicas apresentaram 108 individuos resistentes e 30 suscetíveis na geração F2, e o teste de qui-quadrado se ajustou de acordo com a proporção esperada de 3 resistentes: 1 suscetível, sugerindo que a herança de Rps1-k é controlada por um gene dominante de herança monogênica. Cinco marcadores microssatélites foram analisados como ligados ao gene Rps1-k, no cromossomo 3 da soja, sendo o marcador Satt641 posicionado o mais próximo do gene com distância genética de 6,4cM. Assim este marcador pode conferir uma importante estratégia na seleção de genótipos brasileiros de soja resistentes à podridão radicular por fitóftora

5-10 GeV Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray Burst Fireballs

A gamma-ray burst fireball is likely to contain an admixture of neutrons, in addition to protons, in essentially all progenitor scenarios. Inelastic collisions between differentially streaming protons and neutrons in the fireball produce muon neutrinos (antineutrinos) of ~ 10 GeV as well as electron neutrinos (antineutrinos) of ~ 5 GeV, which could produce ~ 7 events/year in kilometer cube detectors, if the neutron abundance is comparable to that of protons. Photons of ~ 10 GeV from pi-zero decay and ~ 100 MeV electron antineutrinos from neutron decay are also produced, but will be difficult to detect. Photons with energies < 1 MeV from shocks following neutron decay produce a characteristic signal which may be distinguishable from the proton-related MeV photons.Comment: 4 pages, latex, 1 figure, aps style files. Final version, accepted in Phys.Rev.Lett., 6/22/2000; some clarifications in the text, same conclusion

The ancestry of eastern paraguay: A typical south american profile with a unique pattern of admixture

Immigrants from diverse origins have arrived in Paraguay and produced important demographic changes in a territory initially inhabited by indigenous Guarani. Few studies have been performed to estimate the proportion of Native ancestry that is still preserved in Paraguay and the role of females and males in admixture processes. Therefore, 548 individuals from eastern Paraguay were genotyped for three marker sets: mtDNA, Y-SNPs and autosomal AIM-InDels. A genetic homogeneity was found between departments for each set of markers, supported by the demographic data collected, which showed that only 43% of the individuals have the same birthplace as their parents. The results show a sex-biased intermarriage, with higher maternal than paternal Native American ancestry. Within the native mtDNA lineages in Paraguay (87.2% of the total), most haplogroups have a broad distribution across the subcontinent, and only few are concentrated around the Paraná River basin. The frequency distribution of the European paternal lineages in Paraguay (92.2% of the total) showed a major contribution from the Iberian region. In addition to the remaining legacy of the colonial period, the joint analysis of the different types of markers included in this study revealed the impact of post-war migrations on the current genetic background of Paraguay.Funding: F.S. and L.G. were supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro–FAPERJ, Brazil (process E-26/202.275/2019 and CNE-2018). L.G. was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico–CNPq, Brazil (ref. 306342/2019-7). V.G. is supported by FCT under the program contract provided in Decree-Law no.57/2016 of August 29

Observations of GRB 990123 by the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory

GRB 990123 was the first burst from which simultaneous optical, X-ray and gamma-ray emission was detected; its afterglow has been followed by an extensive set of radio, optical and X-ray observations. We have studied the gamma-ray burst itself as observed by the CGRO detectors. We find that gamma-ray fluxes are not correlated with the simultaneous optical observations, and the gamma-ray spectra cannot be extrapolated simply to the optical fluxes. The burst is well fit by the standard four-parameter GRB function, with the exception that excess emission compared to this function is observed below ~15 keV during some time intervals. The burst is characterized by the typical hard-to-soft and hardness-intensity correlation spectral evolution patterns. The energy of the peak of the nu f_nu spectrum, E_p, reaches an unusually high value during the first intensity spike, 1470 +/- 110 keV, and then falls to \~300 keV during the tail of the burst. The high-energy spectrum above ~MeV is consistent with a power law with a photon index of about -3. By fluence, GRB 990123 is brighter than all but 0.4% of the GRBs observed with BATSE, clearly placing it on the -3/2 power-law portion of the intensity distribution. However, the redshift measured for the afterglow is inconsistent with the Euclidean interpretation of the -3/2 power-law. Using the redshift value of >= 1.61 and assuming isotropic emission, the gamma-ray fluence exceeds 10E54 ergs.Comment: Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal. 16 pages including 4 figure

Multiscale Femoral Neck Imaging and Multimodal Trabeculae Quality Characterization in an Osteoporotic Bone Sample

: Although multiple structural, mechanical, and molecular factors are definitely involved in osteoporosis, the assessment of subregional bone mineral density remains the most commonly used diagnostic index. In this study, we characterized bone quality in the femoral neck of one osteoporotic patients as compared to an age-matched control subject, and so used a multiscale and multimodal approach including X-ray computed microtomography at different spatial resolutions (pixel size: 51.0, 4.95 and 0.9 µm), microindentation and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Our results showed abnormalities in the osteocytes lacunae volume (358.08 ± 165.00 for the osteoporotic sample vs. 287.10 ± 160.00 for the control), whereas a statistical difference was found neither for shape nor for density. The osteoporotic femoral head and great trochanter reported reduced elastic modulus (Es) and hardness (H) compared to the control reference (-48% (p &lt; 0.0001) and -34% (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively for Es and H in the femoral head and -29% (p &lt; 0.01) and -22% (p &lt; 0.05), respectively for Es and H in the great trochanter), whereas the corresponding values in the femoral neck were in the same range. The spectral analysis could distinguish neither subregional differences in the osteoporotic sample nor between the osteoporotic and healthy samples. Although, infrared spectroscopic measurements were comparable among subregions, and so regardless of the bone osteoporotic status, the trabecular mechanical properties were comparable only in the femoral neck. These results illustrate that bone remodeling in osteoporosis is a non-uniform process with different rates in different bone anatomical regions, hence showing the interest of a clear analysis of the bone microarchitecture in the case of patients' osteoporotic evaluation

Phenolic compounds accumulation in soybean plants in response to Phakopsora pachyrhizi.

Asian soybean rust (ASR) is a soybean disease caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow. The phenylpropanoid pathway is involved in many biological processes including the defense response to the fungus. This pathway results in the production of lignin and phytoalexins, which are an important defense against pathogens and insects. In the present work, we used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the production of compounds in the phenylpropanoid pathway in leaves of the resistant soybean genotype (PI459025B, Rpp4). Plants were either infected with P. pachyrhizi or mock infected with water, and leaf tissue was collected at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 161, 308 and 504 hours after inoculation (hai). Phenolic peak quantification was carried out by estimating the area of each detected peak from all wavelengths or their relative proportion compared to the estimated total phenolic level. ANOVA analysis followed by Tukey?s Honestly Significant Difference test was used to identify significant differences (P<.05) between treatments and time points. This study allowed identification of the conjugated isoflavones daidzin, malonyl daidzin and malonyl genistin and the isoflavones dadzein and glycitein. In addition, we identified several phenolic acids including caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and salicylic acid. The present study revealed many quantitative changes in the soluble phenolic profile of soybean in response to fungus inoculation and the accumulation of specific compounds varied over the infection time course