Propuesta financiera bajo la herramienta de asociación público privada (APP), que determine la rentabilidad para desarrollar una cárcel de mediana seguridad en Bogotá

Trabajo de investigaciónLa tesis tuvo como objetivo formular una propuesta financiera bajo la herramienta de Asociación Publico Privada (APP). Lo que permita comprobar la rentabilidad para el desarrollo de una cárcel de mediana seguridad a 25 años, caso la Picota en Bogotá (Colombia). El cual fue posible desarrollar mediante la revisión de los presupuestos de construcción, operación y mantenimiento de algunas cárceles de mediana seguridad, buscando cumplir las normas nacionales e internacionales y de derechos humanos establecidas para los centros penitenciarios. Ahora bien, en Colombia el sistema de A.P.P se ha vuelto una forma directa y asertiva de contratación, ya que produce un movimiento circular donde intervienen Gobierno y ciudadanía buscando transparencia direccionada en un fin constructivo. El estudio realizado deja ver que el sistema de A.P.P se puede aplicar para la construcción de establecimientos penitenciarios, puesto que tiene unos flujos constantes y un V.P.N positivo.1. LÍNEA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 2. INTRODUCCIÓN 3. ANTECEDENTES Y JUSTIFICACIÓN 4. PLANTEAMIENTO Y FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 5. OBJETIVOS 6. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 7. ALCANCES Y LIMITACIONES 8. METODOLOGÍA 9. CRONOGRAMA Y PRESUPUESTOS 10. PRODUCTOS A ENTREGAR 11. RESULTADOS E IMPACTOS ESPERADOS 12. ANEXOS 13. BIBLIOGRAFÍAEspecializaciónEspecialista en Gerencia de Obras Civile

Influence of the sintering temperature on ferroelectric properties of potassium-sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics

The effect of sintering condition on structure, microstructure, and ferroelectric properties of (K0.44Na0.52Li0.04) (Nb0.86Ta0.10Sb0.04)- O3 (KNL-NTS) has been investigated. Ceramic powders have been synthesized by the solid-state reaction method and sintered at different temperatures (1115°C, 1125°C, and 1140°C). Then, samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and impedance spectroscopy. Through XRD results, the perovskite structure and small peaks corresponding to a secondary phase were detected. Ceramics processed at the highest temperatures showed higher densities and good piezoelectric properties (d33, Kp, and Kt), particularly specimens sintered at 1125°C presented the highest piezoelectric performance.Fil: Cortés, J. A.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Camargo, Javier Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Rachia, M. F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Rubio Marcos, Fernando. Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio de Madrid; España. Universidad Nebrija; EspañaFil: Ramajo, Leandro Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Miriam Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez, M. A.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

Arquitectura de validación de diseños didácticos para la formación de profesores de matemáticas

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto “Desarrollo didáctico y tecnológico en escenarios didácticos para la formación de profesores que acogen la diversidad”. La investigación incorpora una perspectiva teórica del diseño universal y una posición ético-política de una educación matemática con todos. Se entrega como resultado de investigación una arquitectura para validar las hipótesis didácticas que fundamentan el diseño de un ambiente y tres objetos virtuales de aprendizaje. Los diseños didácticos son validados en un curso para formación de profesores de matemáticas de la educación básica, con diseño instruccional para la interacción cara a cara y en línea (virtual). La arquitectura como estructura de validación articula las metodologías provenientes de experimento de enseñanza, investigación en diseño y comunidades de práctica. Los resultados se centran en la validación de hipótesis sobre formación de profesores de matemáticas para acoger la diversidad de poblaciones, diseños didácticos accesibles y metodologías para la validación didáctica en comunidades de práctica

Arquitetura de validação de projetos didáticos para a formação de professores de matemáticas

This article presents the results of the project “Didactic and technological development in didactic scenarios for the training of teachers who embrace diversity”. From a theoretical perspective of the universal design and from a political-ethical position of a mathematical education with everyone, the research provides an architecture as a research result to validate the didactic hypotheses that serve as the basis for the design of an environment and three virtual objects of learning. The didactic designs are validated in a training course for elementary school mathematics teachers, with instructional design for both face-to-face and online interactions. Architecture as a validation structure articulates the methodologies resulting from teaching experiments, design research, and communities of practice. The results focus on the validation of hypotheses about training of pre-service math teachers to accommodate the diversity of populations, accessible didactic designs, and methodologies for didactic validation in communities of practiceEste artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto “Desarrollo didáctico y tecnológico en escenarios didácticos para la formación de profesores que acogen la diversidad”. La investigación incorpora una perspectiva teórica del diseño universal y una posición ético-política de una educación matemática con todos. Se entrega como resultado de investigación una arquitectura para validar las hipótesis didácticas que fundamentan el diseño de un ambiente y tres objetos virtuales de aprendizaje. Los diseños didácticos son validados en un curso para formación de profesores de matemáticas de la educación básica, con diseño instruccional para la interacción cara a cara y en línea (virtual). La arquitectura como estructura de validación articula las metodologías provenientes de experimento de enseñanza, investigación en diseño y comunidades de práctica. Los resultados se centran en la validación de hipótesis sobre formación de profesores de matemáticas para acoger la diversidad de poblaciones, diseños didácticos accesibles y metodologías para la validación didáctica en comunidades de práctica.Este artigo apresenta os resultados do projeto “Desenvolvimento didático e tecnológico em cenários didáticos para a formação de professores que adotam a diversidade”. A pesquisa incorpora uma perspectiva teórica do design universal e uma posição ético-política de uma educação matemática com todos. Como resultado de investigação, é apresentada uma arquitetura para validar as hipóteses didáticas que fundamentam o desenho de um ambiente e três objetivos virtuais de aprendizagem. Os projetos didáticos são validados em uma aula para formação de professores de matemáticas de educação básica, com design instrucional para a interação face a face e online. A arquitetura como estrutura de validação articula as metodologias provenientes de experimento de ensino, pesquisa em projeto e comunidades de prática. Os resultados centram-se na validação de hipóteses sobre formação de professores de matemáticas para adotar a diversidade de populações, projetos didáticos acessíveis e metodologias para a validação didática em comunidades de prática

Envejecimiento de la población

•Actividades básicas de la vida diaria en personas mayores y factores asociados •Asociación entre depresión y posesión de mascotas en personas mayores •Calidad de vida en adultos mayores de Santiago aplicando el instrumento WHOQOL-BREF •Calidad de vida en usuarios con enfermedad de Parkinson, demencia y sus cuidadores, comuna de Vitacura •Caracterización de egresos hospitalarios de adultos mayores en Puerto Natales (2007-2009) •Comportamiento de las patologías incluidas como GES para el adulto mayor atendido en un Cesfam •Contribución de vitaminas y minerales a las ingestas recomendadas diarias en ancianos institucionalizados de Madrid •Estado de salud oral del paciente inscrito en el Programa de Visita Domiciliaria •Evaluación del programa de discapacidad severa en Casablanca con la matriz de marco lógico •Factores asociados a satisfacción vital en una cohorte de adultos mayores de Santiago, Chile •Pauta instrumental para la identificación de riesgos para el adulto mayor autovalente, en su vivienda •Perfil farmacológico del paciente geriátrico institucionalizado y posibles consecuencias en el deterioro cognitivo •Programa de cuidados paliativos y alivio del dolor en Puerto Natales •Rehabilitación mandibular implantoprotésica: efecto en calidad de vida relacionada con salud bucal en adultos mayores •Salud bucodental en adultos mayores autovalentes de la Región de Valparaíso •Transición epidemiológica y el estudio de carga de enfermedad en Brasi

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p &lt; 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics