35,409 research outputs found
New solutions of the D-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation via mapping onto the nonrelativistic one-dimensional Morse potential
New exact analytical bound-state solutions of the D-dimensional Klein-Gordon
equation for a large set of couplings and potential functions are obtained via
mapping onto the nonrelativistic bound-state solutions of the one-dimensional
generalized Morse potential. The eigenfunctions are expressed in terms of
generalized Laguerre polynomials, and the eigenenergies are expressed in terms
of solutions of irrational equations at the worst. Several analytical results
found in the literature, including the so-called Klein-Gordon oscillator, are
obtained as particular cases of this unified approac
Wigner Oscillators, Twisted Hopf Algebras and Second Quantization
By correctly identifying the role of central extension in the centrally
extended Heisenberg algebra h, we show that it is indeed possible to construct
a Hopf algebraic structure on the corresponding enveloping algebra U(h) and
eventually deform it through Drinfeld twist. This Hopf algebraic structure and
its deformed version U^F(h) are shown to be induced from a more fundamental
Hopf algebra obtained from the Schroedinger field/oscillator algebra and its
deformed version, provided that the fields/oscillators are regarded as
odd-elements of the super-algebra osp(1|2n). We also discuss the possible
implications in the context of quantum statistics.Comment: 23 page
Spin and Pseudospin symmetries in the Dirac equation with central Coulomb potentials
We analyze in detail the analytical solutions of the Dirac equation with
scalar S and vector V Coulomb radial potentials near the limit of spin and
pseudospin symmetries, i.e., when those potentials have the same magnitude and
either the same sign or opposite signs, respectively. By performing an
expansion of the relevant coefficients we also assess the perturbative nature
of both symmetries and their relations the (pseudo)spin-orbit coupling. The
former analysis is made for both positive and negative energy solutions and we
reproduce the relations between spin and pseudospin symmetries found before for
nuclear mean-field potentials. We discuss the node structure of the radial
functions and the quantum numbers of the solutions when there is spin or
pseudospin symmetry, which we find to be similar to the well-known solutions of
hydrogenic atoms.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, uses revte
Hemisphere Mixing: a Fully Data-Driven Model of QCD Multijet Backgrounds for LHC Searches
A novel method is proposed here to precisely model the multi-dimensional
features of QCD multi-jet events in hadron collisions. The method relies on the
schematization of high-pT QCD processes as 2->2 reactions made complex by
sub-leading effects. The construction of libraries of hemispheres from
experimental data and the definition of a suitable nearest-neighbor-based
association map allow for the generation of artificial events that reproduce
with surprising accuracy the kinematics of the QCD component of original data,
while remaining insensitive to small signal contaminations. The method is
succinctly described and its performance is tested in the case of the search
for the hh->bbbb process at the LHC.Comment: 4 pages plus header, 1 figure, proceedings of EPS 2017 Venic
Hidden Ferronematic Order in Underdoped Cuprates
We study a model for low doped cuprates where holes aggregate into oriented
stripe segments which have a vortex and an antivortex fixed to the extremes. We
argue that due to the interaction between segments a state with macroscopic
polarization is stabilized, which we call a ferronematic. This state can be
characterized as a charge nematic which, due to the net polarization, breaks
inversion symmetry and also exhibits an incommensurate spin modulation. Our
calculation can reproduce the doping dependent spin structure factor of
lanthanum cuprates in excellent agreement with experiment and allows to
rationalize experiments in which the incommensurability has an order
parameter-like temperature dependence.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Dynamical Renormalization Group Study for a Class of Non-local Interface Equations
We provide a detailed Dynamic Renormalization Group study for a class of
stochastic equations that describe non-conserved interface growth mediated by
non-local interactions. We consider explicitly both the morphologically stable
case, and the less studied case in which pattern formation occurs, for which
flat surfaces are linearly unstable to periodic perturbations. We show that the
latter leads to non-trivial scaling behavior in an appropriate parameter range
when combined with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) non-linearity, that
nevertheless does not correspond to the KPZ universality class. This novel
asymptotic behavior is characterized by two scaling laws that fix the critical
exponents to dimension-independent values, that agree with previous reports
from numerical simulations and experimental systems. We show that the precise
form of the linear stabilizing terms does not modify the hydrodynamic behavior
of these equations. One of the scaling laws, usually associated with Galilean
invariance, is shown to derive from a vertex cancellation that occurs (at least
to one loop order) for any choice of linear terms in the equation of motion and
is independent on the morphological stability of the surface, hence
generalizing this well-known property of the KPZ equation. Moreover, the
argument carries over to other systems like the Lai-Das Sarma-Villain equation,
in which vertex cancellation is known {\em not to} imply an associated symmetry
of the equation.Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and
Experiments (in press
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Capacity of English NHS hospitals to monitor quality in infection prevention and control using a new European framework: a multilevel qualitative analysis
Objective:(1) To assess the extent to which current English national regulations/policies/guidelines and local hospital practices align with indicators suggested by a European review of effective strategies for infection prevention and control (IPC); (2) to examine the capacity of local hospitals to report on the indicators and current use of data to inform IPC management and practice.
Design
A national and local-level analysis of the 27 indicators was conducted. At the national level, documentary review of regulations/policies/guidelines was conducted. At the local level data collection comprised: (a) review of documentary sources from 14 hospitals, to determine the capacity to report performance against these indicators; (b) qualitative interviews with 3 senior managers from 5 hospitals and direct observation of hospital wards to find out if these indicators are used to improve IPC management and practice.
Setting
2 acute English National Health Service (NHS) trusts and 1 NHS foundation trust (14 hospitals).
Participants
3 senior managers from 5 hospitals for qualitative interviews.
Primary and secondary outcome measures
As primary outcome measures, a ‘Red-Amber-Green’ (RAG) rating was developed reflecting how well the indicators were included in national documents or their availability at the local organisational level. The current use of the indicators to inform IPC management and practice was also assessed. The main secondary outcome measure is any inconsistency between national and local RAG rating results.
Results
National regulations/policies/guidelines largely cover the suggested European indicators. The ability of individual hospitals to report some of the indicators at ward level varies across staff groups, which may mask required improvements. A reactive use of staffing-related indicators was observed rather than the suggested prospective strategic approach for IPC management.
Conclusions
For effective patient safety and infection prevention in English hospitals, routine and proactive approaches need to be developed. Our approach to evaluation can be extended to other country settings
Gauge invariance and finite width effects in radiative two-pion tau lepton decay
The contribution of the rho^{\pm} vector meson to the tau -> pi pi nu gamma
decay is considered as a potential source for the determination of the magnetic
dipole moment of this light vector meson. In order to keep gauge-invariance of
the whole decay amplitude, a procedure similar to the fermion loop-scheme for
charged gauge bosons is implemented to incorporate the finite width effects of
the rho^{\pm} vector meson. The absorptive pieces of the one-loop corrections
to the propagators and electromagnetic vertices of the rho^{\pm} meson and
W^{\pm} gauge boson have identical forms in the limit of massless particles in
the loops, suggesting this to be a universal feature of spin-one unstable
particles. Model-dependent contributions to the tau -> pi pi nu gamma decay are
suppressed by fixing the two-pion invariant mass distribution at the rho meson
mass value. The resulting photon energy and angular distribution is relatively
sensitive to the effects of the rho magnetic dipole moment.Comment: 22 pages, 4 postscript figures, references and comments on relevance
of perturbative treatment of rho electromagnetic vertex are added, accepted
for pub. in Phys. Rev.
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