La construcción del aprendizaje cultural: Análisis de las percepciones del profesorado de inglés

Today teaching and learning tend to be viewed in a constructivist and/or (social) constructivist perspective. Learning is regarded as a process of meaning construction in which the individual actively participates in interaction with the learning environment. From a constructivist perspective, culture learning is considered as an active process which allows the students the transformation of knowledge. The teacher’s role as mediator in this process requires the development of abilities to scaffold learning and guide learners towards autonomy and independent culture learning. In this paper we report a research project which investigated to what extent Spanish EFL teachers depart from their learners current level of familiarity with the target culture and to what extent teachers current approaches to the teaching of culture in secondary education can be characterised as constructivist. The results show that the foreign culture teaching approach adopted by these teachers can only in part be characterised as scaffolding the learning process towards learner autonomy

LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL APRENDIZAJE CULTURAL: ANÁLISIS DE LAS PERCEPCIONES DEL PROFESORADO DE INGLÉS

AbstractToday teaching and learning tend to be viewed in a constructivist and/or (social) constructivist perspective. Learning is regarded as a process of meaning construction in which the individual actively participates in interaction with the learning environment. From a constructivist perspective, culture learning is considered as an active process which allows the students the transformation of knowledge. The teacher’s role as mediator in this process requires the development of abilities to scaffold learning and guide learners towards autonomy and independent culture learning. In this paper we report a research project which investigated to what extent Spanish EFL teachers depart from their learners current level of familiarity with the target culture and to what extent teachers current approaches to the teaching of culture in secondary education can be characterised as constructivist. The results show that the foreign culture teaching approach adopted by these teachers can only in part be characterised as scaffolding the learning process towards learner autonomy

Uso de dramatização com gravação de vídeo para o desenvolvimento da competência da entrevista em estudantes de psicologia

The research is a teaching innovation experience through a simulation strategy, role play, little used in university teaching. The purpose was to verify if role play with video recording is an effective strategy for acquiring interviewing skills, and explore if it helps the development of meaningful learning in students. The method considered a mixed type investigation and a pre-experimental design of a single measurement at the end. The pedagogical intervention was conducted in the Work Psychology course for four months. The main strategy used was role-playing. Thirteen students participated; they were enrolled in this course. After the intervention, to estimate the impact of the experience, an evaluation was made through three instruments: a meaningful learning scale from Guirao-Goris et al. (2007), a questionnaire of didactic innovation from Bartlett y Morrow (2001), and a rubric to evaluate the achievement of the skill. Data were descriptively analyzed. The results show a favorable assessment from the students towards the strategy used to achieve effective learning, perception from the students of significant learning achievement, and an evaluation from the professor endorsing the achievement of learning the interviewing skill.La investigación es una experiencia de innovación docente a través de una estrategia de simulación, juego de roles, poco usada en la docencia universitaria. El propósito fue verificar si el juego de roles con grabación de video es una estrategia efectiva para la adquisición de la competencia de entrevistar y explorar si este favorece el desarrollo de aprendizaje significativo en el estudiantado. El método consideró una investigación de tipo mixta y un diseño pre-experimental de una sola medición al final. La intervención pedagógica fue realizada en una asignatura de Psicología Laboral durante un periodo de 4 meses. El juego de roles fue la estrategia protagonista. Participaron 13 estudiantes que conformaban el curso. Posterior a la intervención, se realizó una evaluación para estimar el impacto de la experiencia a través de tres instrumentos: Escala de aprendizaje significativo, de Guirao-Goris et al. (2007); Cuestionario de Innovación didáctica, de Bartlett y Morrow (2001), y una Rúbrica para evaluar el logro la competencia. Se analizaron descriptivamente los datos. Los resultados evidencian, en el estudiantado, una valoración favorable de la estrategia usada para lograr aprendizajes efectivos y una percepción de logro de aprendizaje significativo y, en el docente, una evaluación que avala el logro del aprendizaje de la competencia de entrevista.Esta pesquisa é uma experiência de ensino da inovação através de uma estratégia de simulação, dramatização pouco utilizada no ensino universitário. O objetivo foi verificar se a dramatização com gravação de vídeo é uma estratégia eficaz para adquirir a competência de entrevistar, e explorar se favorece o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem significativa nos alunos. O método considerou uma investigação de tipo misto e um projeto pré experimental de uma única medição no final. A intervenção pedagógica foi realizada em um tema de Psicologia do Trabalho durante um período de 4 meses. A dramatização foi a principal estratégia. Os 13 alunos que compõem o curso participaram. Após a intervenção, foi feita uma avaliação para estimar o impacto da experiência através de três instrumentos: Escala de aprendizagem significativa por Guirao-Goris et al. (2007); Questionário de Inovação didática de Bartlett y Morrow (2001) e uma Rubrica para avaliar a conquista da competição. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Os resultados mostram uma avaliação favorável por parte dos alunos da estratégia utilizada para alcançar uma aprendizagem efetiva; uma percepção nos alunos de uma aprendizagem significativa e uma avaliação do professor que endossa a aprendizagem por meio de entrevistas

Determination of 234U and 238U Activities in Soil by Liquid Scintillation and High-Resolution Alpha Spectrometry

Uranium is a radioactive element with a special presence in the rocks, waters, sediments, soils, and plants at the state of Chihuahua. The activity ratio of 238U/234U is used to explain the uranium transport by surface water and its deposition in arid environments. In this work, the activity concentration of natural U isotopes is determined by PERALS liquid scintillation and high-resolution alpha spectrometry (AS, Canberra camera 7401VR) in the Environmental Radiological Surveillance Laboratory (LVRA) at CIMAV, Chihuahua. Uranium is extracted from soils through the scintillating liquid extractor URAEX for PERALS, with chemical recovery (CR) of 80 - 85 %, and through the ion exchange resin UTEVA + electrode position by the Hallstadius method, with CR of 85 - 90 %, for AS. The procedures of 234U and 238U activity concentration (AC) determination in soils were validated by their application to the certified reference material IAEA-375. The resulting values were in the reference range of the certified or informative values. Both procedures were applied to 6 representative soil samples, with AC of the same order of magnitude or greater, and similar CR and compatible results. Both procedures are satisfactory for the purposes of LVRA research and in general

A comparative study of electrochemical and optical properties of rhenium deposited on gold and platinum

Rhenium-containing films were grown on gold and platinum after different potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarizations in the - 0.20 V to 0.70 V range (vs rhe) in aqueous acid perrhenate. Experimental data were obtained using cyclic voltammetry and ellipsometry, from which the thickness and optical indices of the electrodeposited rhenium layer were calculated. Metallic rhenium deposition on gold takes place at potentials within the hydrogen evolution reaction. Rhenium oxide on platinum is formed in the hydrogen adatom potential domain, whereas metallic rhenium is deposited concurrently with the hydrogen adsorption and evolution reactions on the same metal.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

A comparative study of electrochemical and optical properties of rhenium deposited on gold and platinum

Rhenium-containing films were grown on gold and platinum after different potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarizations in the - 0.20 V to 0.70 V range (vs rhe) in aqueous acid perrhenate. Experimental data were obtained using cyclic voltammetry and ellipsometry, from which the thickness and optical indices of the electrodeposited rhenium layer were calculated. Metallic rhenium deposition on gold takes place at potentials within the hydrogen evolution reaction. Rhenium oxide on platinum is formed in the hydrogen adatom potential domain, whereas metallic rhenium is deposited concurrently with the hydrogen adsorption and evolution reactions on the same metal.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada

Diseño del proyecto curricular de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación con Especialidad en Gestión de la Educación Inicial a implementarse en el Departamento de Educación de la Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades a partir del año 2009

El vertiginoso desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología, producido fundamentalmente a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX y su asimilación inmediata en algunos países, ha favorecido la creación de condiciones para el tránsito de sociedades basadas en la producción tangible a sociedades donde el rasgo fundamental es la producción de conocimientos, cuyo valor en ocasiones sobrepasa los de la propia producción material. Este hecho instala la idea que estamos en presencia de un nuevo tipo de sociedad, “la sociedad basada en el conocimiento”. Si bien esto puede ser cierto para algunos pocos países, la mayor parte de la población mundial continúa sumida en el atraso económico y social y cada vez crece más la brecha entre los países desarrollados y el resto de países del planeta, acentuándose las inequidades tanto entre los propios países como dentro de las capas sociales de los países desarrollados. Sin embargo, esta es una realidad que países como El Salvador, no deben ignorar, si quiere aprovechar las oportunidades que brinda este nuevo paradigma, se debe primero, como gobierno y luego como ciudadanos, luchar por que se desarrollen políticas agresivas en el campo de la educación que garanticen las condiciones mínimas de ser partícipes de este nuevo orden social. El reto debe ser orientado y asumido desde los más bajos niveles dela formación educativa, pues si no son aprovechadas las competencias y las habilidades naturales para el estudio desde la más temprana edad, los influjos formativos de una sociedad virtual vigorosamente alimentada por los medios de comunicación en la vida cotidiana aprovecharán estas oportunidades y tornarán más tarde el proceso de reorientación del aprendizaje, un proceso más complejo. Pero para ello, la necesidad de un nuevo profesional se vislumbra: El educador del nivel inicial y parvulario, y el gestor de estos procesos, aunque a la fecha ya existe el especialista en educación infantil, los nuevos descubrimientos de la ciencia como los efectos del contexto cultural, denotan con claridad que la formación educativa inicia no a los 4 años, sino desde el preciso momento del alumbramiento

Ontogeny of the digestive enzyme activity of the Amazonian pimelodid catfish Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional ontogeny of the digestive system of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer through the analysis of the activity of the main intestinal (alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase N, maltase and leucine-alanine peptidase), pancreatic (trypsin, chymotrypsin, total alkaline proteases, bile-salt activated lipase and amylase) and gastric (pepsin) enzymes. Larvae were raised in triplicate in a recirculation system from 4 to 27 days post fertilization (dpf) at an initial density of 90 larvae L−1, 27.8 ± 0.7 °C and 0 L: 24D photoperiod. Larvae were fed from 4 to 17 dpf with Artemia nauplii and weaned onto an experimentally formulated feed (crude protein content ~ 45%; crude fat content ~ 10%; crude carbohydrate ~ 8%) within 3 days, then continued with the same diet until the end of the trial. P. punctifer showed an exponential growth pattern with two different growth rates: a slower one from hatching to 12 dpf followed by a faster one from 12 to 27 dpf. The specific and total activities of the pancreatic and intestinal enzymes were detected from hatching. The digestive system was functional at 12 dpf, indicating the transition from the larval to the juvenile stage (alkaline to acid digestion). Therefore individuals could be weaned from that day onwards. The variations observed in the enzymatic activity from 17 dpf reflected the adaptation of the enzymatic machinery to the new diet supplied. P. punctifer larvae showed a fast digestive system development with an enzymatic profile typical of a tropical and carnivorous species.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Beeswax multifunctional composites with thermal-healing capability and recyclability

Natural beeswax reinforced with conductive nanofillers allows solvent-free processing and presents remarkable functional response as piezoresistive and thermoresistive sensors with thermal healing capability. The low melting temperature of the composites, around 60 °C, allows additive manufacturing of conductive patterns with a high electrical conductivity of 50 S/m. Further, the graphene/beeswax composites show suitable deformation and temperature sensing characteristics based on the piezoresistive and thermoresistive sensitivities, around GF≈9 and S≈ 120 %/°C, respectively. Natural beeswax is a food and drug administration approved substance, and all graphene/beeswax composites present no cytotoxic behavior, demonstrating their potential use for biomedical applications. Proofs-of-concept demonstrate the conductive and thermal-healing properties of the screen-printed sensors developed both on paper and Kapton substrates, proving the applicability and multifunctionality of the developed materials. Finally, the multifunctional composites can be recycled and reused without losing their electrical and functional performances

A comparative study of electrochemical and optical properties of rhenium deposited on gold and platinum

Rhenium-containing films were grown on gold and platinum after different potentiostatic and potentiodynamic polarizations in the - 0.20 V to 0.70 V range (vs rhe) in aqueous acid perrhenate. Experimental data were obtained using cyclic voltammetry and ellipsometry, from which the thickness and optical indices of the electrodeposited rhenium layer were calculated. Metallic rhenium deposition on gold takes place at potentials within the hydrogen evolution reaction. Rhenium oxide on platinum is formed in the hydrogen adatom potential domain, whereas metallic rhenium is deposited concurrently with the hydrogen adsorption and evolution reactions on the same metal.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicada