2,420 research outputs found
Alternating direction implicit time integrations for finite difference acoustic wave propagation: Parallelization and convergence
This work studies the parallelization and empirical convergence of two finite
difference acoustic wave propagation methods on 2-D rectangular grids, that use
the same alternating direction implicit (ADI) time integration. This ADI
integration is based on a second-order implicit Crank-Nicolson temporal
discretization that is factored out by a Peaceman-Rachford decomposition of the
time and space equation terms. In space, these methods highly diverge and apply
different fourth-order accurate differentiation techniques. The first method
uses compact finite differences (CFD) on nodal meshes that requires solving
tridiagonal linear systems along each grid line, while the second one employs
staggered-grid mimetic finite differences (MFD). For each method, we implement
three parallel versions: (i) a multithreaded code in Octave, (ii) a C++ code
that exploits OpenMP loop parallelization, and (iii) a CUDA kernel for a NVIDIA
GTX 960 Maxwell card. In these implementations, the main source of parallelism
is the simultaneous ADI updating of each wave field matrix, either column-wise
or row-wise, according to the differentiation direction. In our numerical
applications, the highest performances are displayed by the CFD and MFD CUDA
codes that achieve speedups of 7.21x and 15.81x, respectively, relative to
their C++ sequential counterparts with optimal compilation flags. Our test
cases also allow to assess the numerical convergence and accuracy of both
methods. In a problem with exact harmonic solution, both methods exhibit
convergence rates close to 4 and the MDF accuracy is practically higher.
Alternatively, both convergences decay to second order on smooth problems with
severe gradients at boundaries, and the MDF rates degrade in highly-resolved
grids leading to larger inaccuracies. This transition of empirical convergences
agrees with the nominal truncation errors in space and time.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
Improving randomness characterization through Bayesian model selection
Nowadays random number generation plays an essential role in technology with
important applications in areas ranging from cryptography, which lies at the
core of current communication protocols, to Monte Carlo methods, and other
probabilistic algorithms. In this context, a crucial scientific endeavour is to
develop effective methods that allow the characterization of random number
generators. However, commonly employed methods either lack formality (e.g. the
NIST test suite), or are inapplicable in principle (e.g. the characterization
derived from the Algorithmic Theory of Information (ATI)). In this letter we
present a novel method based on Bayesian model selection, which is both
rigorous and effective, for characterizing randomness in a bit sequence. We
derive analytic expressions for a model's likelihood which is then used to
compute its posterior probability distribution. Our method proves to be more
rigorous than NIST's suite and the Borel-Normality criterion and its
implementation is straightforward. We have applied our method to an
experimental device based on the process of spontaneous parametric
downconversion, implemented in our laboratory, to confirm that it behaves as a
genuine quantum random number generator (QRNG). As our approach relies on
Bayesian inference, which entails model generalizability, our scheme transcends
individual sequence analysis, leading to a characterization of the source of
the random sequences itself.Comment: 25 page
Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators: The Future of Chronic Pain Therapy?
Chronic pain (CP) is a severe clinical entity with devastating physical and emotional consequences for patients, which can occur in a myriad of diseases. Often, conventional treatment approaches appear to be insufficient for its management. Moreover, considering the adverse effects of traditional analgesic treatments, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for CP. These include various bioactive molecules such as resolvins, maresins, and protectins, derived from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); and lipoxins, produced from ω-6 PUFAs. Indeed, SPMs have been demonstrated to play a central role in the regulation and resolution of the inflammation associated with CP. Furthermore, these molecules can modulate neuroinflammation and thus inhibit central and peripheral sensitizations, as well as long-term potentiation, via immunomodulation and regulation of nociceptor activity and neuronal pathways. In this context, preclinical and clinical studies have evidenced that the use of SPMs is beneficial in CP-related disorders, including rheumatic diseases, migraine, neuropathies, and others. This review integrates current preclinical and clinical knowledge on the role of SPMs as a potential therapeutic tool for the management of patients with CP
Estudio bioedafologico preliminar de la isla gorgona
Los suelos de la Isla Oorgona son Inceptisoles con buena a baja saturación de bases (Eutropepts y Dystropepts respectivamente). con tendencia a ser ácidos y buena capacidad de intercambio catíóníco, Domina en ellos la textura arcillosa; el contenido de materia orgánica es alto en los horizontesO y A. razón por la cual predominan. en la fauna edáfica las formas de hábitos fltófagos y saprófagos. Los más epresentativos de la fauna interna del suelo (O a 40 cm) son Insecta y Annelida e Insecta y Aracnida en la fauna superficial
Higth performance liquid chromatography technique design and validation for quantification of tolbutamide, acetamide and propianamide in solid dispersions
El estudio del tipo de interacción involucrada en la formación de dispersiones sólidas de tolbutamida con distintas
proporciones de acetamida y propianamida, ha requerido del diseño y validación de un método analítico por cromatografía
líquida de alta eficacia (CLAE) que permita cuantificar la proporción de los transportadores en mezclas físicas y en
dispersión sólida. El método resultó ser lineal, preciso y exacto en el intervalo de concentración de 100-1,56 μg/mL
para tolbutamida y 50-0,781 μg/mL para acetamida y propianamida.The interest to design and validate a high performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of tolbutamide,
acetamide and propianamide in solid dispersions, was to find a relation among the amount of carriers and the active
substance in solid dispersions, in order to further investigate the drug-carrier interaction pattern responsible of solid
dispersion formation. The method was lineal, precise and accurate in the concentration range between 100.0 - 1.56 μg/
mL for tolbutamide and 50.0 - 0.78 μg/mL for acetamide and propianamide
A novel East African monopartite begomovirus-betasatellite complex that infects Vernonia amygdalina
The complete genomes of a monopartite begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) and an associated betasatellite found infecting Vernonia amygdalina Delile (family Compositae) in Uganda were cloned and sequenced. Begomoviruses isolated from two samples showed the highest nucleotide sequence identity (73.1% and 73.2%) to an isolate of the monopartite begomovirus tomato leaf curl Vietnam virus, and betasatellites from the same samples exhibited the highest nucleotide sequence identity (67.1% and 68.2%) to vernonia yellow vein Fujian betasatellite. Following the current taxonomic criteria for begomovirus species demarcation, the isolates sequenced here represent a novel begomovirus species. Based on symptoms observed in the field, we propose the name vernonia crinkle virus (VeCrV) for this novel begomovirus and vernonia crinkle betasatellite (VeCrB) for the associated betasatellite. This is the first report of a monopartite begomovirus-betasatellite complex from Uganda
Aplicación de la metodología diagnostica riesgo-vivienda-salud para el cálculo del riesgo de la vivienda urbana en Paraguay, Cuba y Argentina
En este artículo se explica el desarrollo de una metodología Diagnostica de Estimación del Riesgo de la Vivienda Urbana para la Salud (DRVS), desde una perspectiva holística del Riesgo. También se describe el modelo computacional asociado (RVS) que implementa esta metodología y se describen los resultados de su aplicación en 3 países de Latinoamérica Paraguay, Cuba y Argentina, que fueron elegidos por ser partes de la red de vivienda saludable de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud. El dominio del problema del riesgo de la vivienda urbana se supone complejo y no lineal, y ha sido modelado empleando redes neuronales artificiales que emula una red conceptual de relación de factores sociales, económicos y demográficos que no se ajusta a los modelos clásicos. El cálculo de un índice de riesgo permitiría a las autoridades de salud dirigir más acertadamente los fondos disponibles, en base a una comparación objetiva entre diferentes asentamientos poblacionales. Se exponen los resultados del trabajo de campo, analizando los factores constituyentes y el índice de riesgo final obtenido en los distintos países donde se aplicó la DRVS.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ
Estudio bioedafológico preliminar de la isla gorgona
Los suelos de la Isla Gorgona son Inceptisoles con buena a baja saturación de bases (Eutropepts y Dystropepts respectivamente), con tendencia a ser ácidos y buena capacidad de intercambio catiónico. Domina en ellos la textura arcillosa: el contenido de materia orgánica es alto en los horizontes O y A, razón por la cual predominan, en la fauna edáfica las formas de hábitos fitófagos y saprófagos. Los más representativos de la fauna internadel suelo (0 a 40 ern) son Insecta y Annelida e Insecta y Aracnida en la faunasuperficial
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