COVID-19 vaccine failure

COVID-19 affects the population unequally with a higher impact on aged and immunosuppressed people. Hence, we assessed the effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immune compromised patients (older adults and oncohematologic patients), compared with healthy counterparts. While the acquired humoral and cellular memory did not predict subsequent infection 18 months after full immunization, spectral and computational cytometry revealed several subsets within the CD8+ T-cells, B-cells, NK cells, monocytes and CD45RA+ CCR7- Tγδ cells differentially expressed in further infected and non-infected individuals not just following immunization, but also prior to that. Of note, up to 7 subsets were found within the CD45RA+ CCR7- Tγδ population with some of them being expanded and other decreased in subsequently infected individuals. Moreover, some of these subsets also predicted COVID-induced hospitalization in oncohematologic patients. Therefore, we hereby have identified several cellular subsets that, even before vaccination, strongly related to COVID-19 vulnerability as opposed to the acquisition of cellular and/or humoral memory following vaccination with SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccines.This study has been funded through Programa Estratégico Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM Junta de Castilla y León. Ref. CCVC8485), Junta de Castilla y León (Proyectos COVID 07.04.467B04.74011.0) and the European Commission – NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC's Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global; SGL21-03-026 and SGL2021-03-038)N

El ejercicio físico disminuye el estrés laboral y oxidativo en profesionales de Urgencias

[EN]: [Background]: Stressful conditions lead to the formation of excessive free radicals which represents the greatest threat to cellular homeostasis of aerobic organisms. Burnout is a syndrome of chronic occupational stress. [Objectives]: This work focuses on the determination of both oxidative stress and occupational stress in a medical emergency service staff, and to analyze the effect that performing physical exercise can have on oxidative and occupational stress in these professionals. [Material and methods]: The study sample consisted of 70 professionals working in a medical emergency service and a control group of 80 age-matched healthy individuals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined, as well as burnout with its components. [Results]: No significant variations were observed in SOD, CAT, MDA, or burnout levels as regards to gender. MDA levels increased with age in both the medical emergency service staff and the control group, with significant differences between the medical emergency service staff and the control group for all age groups. Marital status does not influence the variables analyzed. [Conclusions]: Lipid peroxidation and occupational stress (burnout levels) decrease with physical exercise, being lower levels for those who practice it daily. Playing sports regularly, especially when it is not exhausting, is a beneficial practice for preventing both oxidative stress and occupational stress.[ES]: [Fundamento]: Situaciones estresantes conducen a la formación de un exceso de radicales libres, que constituyen la mayor amenaza para la homeostasis celular de organismos aerobios. El burnout es un síndrome de estrés crónico laboral. [Objetivos]: 1. Determinar tanto el estrés oxidativo como el estrés laboral al que se encuentran sometidos profesionales sanitarios de un servicio de urgencias. 2. Analizar la influencia que la práctica de ejercicio físico puede ejercer tanto sobre el estrés oxidativo como sobre el estrés laboral de estos profesionales. [Material y métodos]: Se han analizado 70 profesionales de un servicio de urgencias hospitalarias y un grupo control de 80 individuos sanos y edades similares. En todos se determinó la actividad de superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y catalasa (CAT), los niveles de malondialdehído (MDA) y del burnout y sus componentes. [Resultados]: No se han observado diferencias significativas entre varones y mujeres ni en la actividad de SOD y CAT, ni en los niveles de MDA ni en los niveles del burnout. Los niveles de MDA aumentan con la edad en profesionales sanitarios y en el grupo control, con diferencias significativas entre distintos grupos de edad. El estado civil no influye en las variables analizadas. [Conclusiones]: La peroxidación lipídica y el estrés laboral (niveles de burnout) disminuyen con la práctica de ejercicio físico, siendo los niveles más bajos para los que hacen ejercicio diariamente. Hacer deporte habitualmente, sobre todo cuando no es agotador, resulta una práctica beneficiosa para la prevención tanto del estrés oxidativo como del estrés laboral

Burnout en profesionales de los servicios paliativos, intensivos y urgencias de un gran hospital

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Burnout in profesionals belonging to paliative, intensive care and emergency services in a general hospital [2] | Burnout en profesionales de los servicios paliativos, intensivos y urgencias de un gran hospital

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Determination of oxidative and occupational stress in palliative care workers

7 p.-4 tab.Background: In previous work, we demonstrated that some occupational workers in stressful conditions can have increases in several markers of oxidative stress when compared to other workers. We investigated two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, according to demographics, lifestyle and occupational parameters in palliative care unit workers, and analyzed the relationship with occupational burnout. Methods: Fifty-two palliative care unit workers and 50 gender- and aged matched healthy individuals as controls were surveyed. Spectrophotometric and high-pressure liquid chromatography methods were used for biochemical determinations. Results: No significant variation with respect to gender were detected with respect to SOD and CAT activities, MDA concentrations or occupational burnout. MDA concentrations increased with age in controls and palliative care unit workers, and we observed significant differences in MDA between controls and palliative care unit workers for all age groups. Significant variation in MDA concentrations were detected between unmarried (287.22±8.31 nmol/mg hemoglobin) and married individuals (317.18±6.24 nmol/mg hemoglobin), but not with respect to divorced individuals (288.41±5.64 nmol/mg hemoglobin). Significant differences were detected between smokers and non-smokers for SOD, CAT and MDA, but not for alcohol, coffee, tea or cola consumption. Significant differences were seen in MDA concentrations between those who frequently practice some kind of sport (280.59±7.62 nmol/mg hemoglobin) and those who never practice any kind of sport (299.12±8.09 nmol/mg hemoglobin), and between those who frequently ate fruit and greens (291.05±8.11 nmol/mg hemoglobin) and those who never eat fruit and greens (316.31±7.42 nmol/mg hemoglobin). SOD activity and MDA concentrations are higher in palliative care workers who work the evening and night shifts (p<0.01), and these workers also show significantly higher levels of stress. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that oxidative stress, occupational stress and occupational burnout levels are similar in men and women. Occupational stress increases oxidative stress levels probably as a response to increased generation of reactive oxygen species. Working during the evening and night shifts increases oxidative levels and burnout levels. © 2011 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York.Peer Reviewe

Relationship between oxidative and occupational stress and aging in nurses of an intensive care unit

11 páginas, 4 tablas -- PAGS nros. 229-239Stressful conditions lead to formation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause oxidative stress and aging. The aim of this study was to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in nurses of a hospital intensive care unit according to demographic and occupational parameters, and to analyse the relationship with aging. Thirty-two nurses working in an intensive care unit and 35 aged-matched healthy individuals of both sexes as a control group were surveyed. No significant variations with respect to sex were detected in SOD, CAT, MDA and burnout levels. MDA levels increased with age in both the control group and the nurses, and we observed significant differences in MDA levels between the control group and nurses for all age groups. Significant variations in MDA levels were detected between single (286.12 ± 8.41) and married (318.82 ± 6.02), people, between those who frequently practice some kind of sport (281.41 ± 7.32) and those who never participate in sport (298.24 ± 8.11) ,and between those who frequently eat fruit and greens (289.75 ± 8.41) and those who never eat them (315.12 ± 7.21). Significant differences were detected between smokers and nonsmokers in SOD, CAT and MDA, but not for alcohol, coffee, tea or cola consumption. Higher SOD activity and MDA levels were detected in nurses on evening and night shifts (P < 0.01); these nurses also scored significantly higher on burnout subscales. These results suggest that: (1) occupational stress increases oxidative stress levels as a response to elevated ROS generation; (2) occupational stress increases MDA levels as a response to an elevation in free radical generation and can lead to aging; (3) working evening and night shifts increases oxidative and burnout levels. It is evident that preventive changes in job conditions and lifestyle are necessary to improve the quality of life of nurses who work in intensive care unitsPeer reviewe

Burnout y factores asociados en profesionales del hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid

OpiniónFundamento: Burnout, o síndrome de agotamiento profesional, está caracterizado por cansancio emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Es un estrés laboral frecuente entre trabajadores con profesiones asistenciales como asistencia sanitaria y enseñanza. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de factores sociodemográficos y laborales en la prevalencia del burnout del personal sanitario hospitalario. Métodos: Participaron 126 profesionales sanitarios de cuidados paliativos, intensivos y urgencias del hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid. Todos cumplimentaron un cuestionario de características sociodemográficas y laborales, y el "Maslach Burnout Inventory", en versión española validada para sanitarios, que valora el nivel de burnout. El análisis estadístico: "t" de Student, test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y ANOVA.N

Burnout y factores asociados en profesionales del Hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid

10 p.-6 fig.-1 tab.[EN]Background: The burnout syndrome is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decrease of the feeling of personal accomplishment. It is a type of occupational stress frequent in the helping professions and the most affected professions are healthcare professionals and teaching.Objective: To determine the influence of occupational and sociodemographic factors in the prevalence of burnout in hospital health workers.Methods: 126 healthcare professionals belonging to palliative, intensive and urgency services of Gregorio Marañón Hospital participate in the study. A general questionnaire and a Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. The statistical analysis included: the Student "t" test, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the ANOVA.Results: For services, the most high burnout levels were observed in urgency services in a row of intensive and palliative care units (differences were significant). For professions, the most high burnout levels were observed in nurses and significant differences were obtained with respect to physicians. For work shifts: higher burnout levels in evening shifts than in morning or night shifts. Significant differences were also observed with respect to sex, age and civil state, but not for professional antiquityConclusions: The level of burnout is different in the three services analyzed. We found a correlation between burnout and several sociodemographic and occupational conditions.[ES]Fundamento: Burnout, o síndrome de agotamiento profesional, está caracterizado por cansancio emocional,despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Es un estrés laboral frecuente entre trabajadores con profesiones asistenciales como asistencia sanitaria y enseñanza.Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de factores sociodemográficos y laborales en la prevalencia del burnout del personal sanitario hospitalario.Métodos: Participaron 126 profesionales sanitarios de cuidados paliativos, intensivos y urgencias del hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid. Todos cumplimentaron un cuestionario de características sociodemográficas y laborales, y el "Maslach Burnout Inventory", en versión española validada para sanitarios,que valora el nivel de burnout. El análisis estadístico: "t" de Student, test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y ANOVA.Resultados: Por servicios: los niveles más altos de burnout se observaron en urgencias, seguidos de intensivos y paliativos (diferencias significativas).Profesionales de enfermería presentaban niveles más altos de burnout, mostrando diferencias significativas con los obtenidos en médicos. Turno de trabajo:niveles más altos de burnout en turno de tarde, que en otros obteniéndose diferencias significativas. Se observaron diferencias significativas en burnout y componentes (CE, DP y FR) según sexo, edad y estado civil entre trabajadores de los tres servicios, pero no según antigüedad profesional.Conclusiones: El nivel de burnout varía en los tres servicios analizados. Encontramos relación entre burnout y determinadas variables sociodemográficas y laborales.Peer reviewe