Droit naturel comme fondement du droit international chez Hobbes

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

A review of a strategic roadmapping exercise to advance clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging: From current barriers to future adoption

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), also referred to as optoacoustic imaging, has shown promise in early-stage clinical trials in a range of applications from inflammatory diseases to cancer. While the first PAI systems have recently received regulatory approvals, successful adoption of PAI technology into healthcare systems for clinical decision making must still overcome a range of barriers, from education and training to data acquisition and interpretation. The International Photoacoustic Standardisation Consortium (IPASC) undertook an community exercise in 2022 to identify and understand these barriers, then develop a roadmap of strategic plans to address them. Here, we outline the nature and scope of the barriers that were identified, along with short-, medium- and longterm community efforts required to overcome them, both within and beyond the IPASC group

The notion of philosophical anthropology in the political thought of Eric Voegelin

Bibliography: p. 125-12

Association Between Genetic Variation in FOXO3 and Reductions in Inflammation and Disease Activity in Inflammatory Polyarthritis

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.39760${\bf Background:}$ Genetic variation in FOXO3 (tagged by rs12212067) has been associated with a milder course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and shown to limit monocyte-driven inflammation through a TGFβ1-dependent pathway. This genetic association, however, has not been consistently observed in other RA cohorts. We sought to clarify the contribution of FOXO3 to prognosis in RA by combining detailed analysis of non-radiographic disease severity measures with an in vivo model of arthritis. ${\bf Methods:}$ Collagen-induced arthritis, the most commonly used mouse model of RA, was used to assess how Foxo3 contributes to arthritis severity. Using clinical, serological and biochemical methods, the arthritis that developed in mice carrying a loss-of-function mutation in Foxo3 was compared with that which occurred in littermate controls. The association of rs12212067 with non-radiographic measures of RA severity, including CRP, Swollen Joint Count, Tender Joint Count, DAS28 and the HAQ score were modelled longitudinally in a large prospective cohort of early RA patients. ${\bf Results:}$ Loss of Foxo3 function resulted in more severe arthritis in vivo (both clinically and histologically) and was associated with higher titres of anti-collagen antibodies and IL-6 in blood. Similarly, rs12212067 (a SNP that increases FOXO3 transcription) was associated with reduced inflammation – both biochemically and clinically – and with lower RA activity scores. ${\bf Conclusions:}$ Consistent with its known role in restraining inflammatory responses, FOXO3 limits the severity of in vivo arthritis and, through genetic variation that increases its transcription, is associated with reduced inflammation and disease activity in RA patients – effects that would lead to lesser radiographic damage.Arthritis Research UK (Grant ID: 20385)National Institute for Health ResearchWellcome Trust (Grant ID: 105920/Z/14/Z

A review of a strategic roadmapping exercise to advance clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging: From current barriers to future adoption.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), also referred to as optoacoustic imaging, has shown promise in early-stage clinical trials in a range of applications from inflammatory diseases to cancer. While the first PAI systems have recently received regulatory approvals, successful adoption of PAI technology into healthcare systems for clinical decision making must still overcome a range of barriers, from education and training to data acquisition and interpretation. The International Photoacoustic Standardisation Consortium (IPASC) undertook an community exercise in 2022 to identify and understand these barriers, then develop a roadmap of strategic plans to address them. Here, we outline the nature and scope of the barriers that were identified, along with short-, medium- and long-term community efforts required to overcome them, both within and beyond the IPASC group

A simplified primary aldosteronism surgical outcome score is a useful prediction model when target organ damage is unknown – Retrospective cohort study

Background: Cure of hypertension after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism is no certainty and therefore preoperative patient counseling is essential. The Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) Score is a useful prediction model with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.839. The PASO Score includes ‘Target Organ Damage’ (TOD) (i.e., left ventricular hypertrophy and/or microalbuminuria), which is often unavailable during preoperative counseling and might therefore limit its use in clinical practice. We hypothesized that the PASO score would still be useful if TOD is unknown at time of counseling. Therefore, we aimed to examine the predictive performance of the simplified PASO Score, without taking TOD into account. Materials and methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy between 2010 and 2016 in 16 medical centers from North America, Europe and Australia were included. TOD was unknown in our database and therefore assigned as absent. Patients were classified as complete, partial or absent clinical success using the PASO consensus criteria. Results: A total of 380 (73.9%) patients were eligible for analysis. Complete, partial and absent clinical success were observed in 29.5%, 55.8% and 14.7% of patients, respectively. The simplified PASO Score had an AUC of 0.730 (95% confidence interval 0.674–0.785) in our total cohort. Conclusion: Without taking TOD into account, the simplified PASO Score had a lower predictive value as compared to the original derivation cohort. Ideally, the complete PASO Score should be used, but when data on TOD are not readily available, the simplified PASO Score is a useful and reasonable alternative