Desarrollo y aplicaciones de un modelo de crecimiento para plantaciones de Pinus radiata D. Don en El Bierzo (León)

A dynamic growth model for Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in El Bierzo (Spain) was developed with data from two inventories of permanent plots, of between 7 and 36 years old, established by the University of León. In this model, stand conditions at any point in time are defined by three state variables (stand basal area, number of trees per hectare and dominant height).Themodel includes three transition functions derived by the generalized algebraic difference approach to enable projection of the state variables at any particular time. Once they are known, the number of trees in each diameter class is estimated with a distribution function, by recovery of the parameters of theWeibull function by use of the moments method. Finally, a generalized height-diameter function and a taper function allow estimation of total or merchantable stand volume. The model provides satisfactory predictions for a time interval of three years. Simulation of the growth of four stands under two silvicultural regimes and two different sites confirm that the estimates provided by the overall model adequately represent the effects of both stand density and site quality. Other applications for the model are analysed and discussed.Se ha desarrollado un modelo dinámico de crecimiento para plantaciones de Pinus radiata D. Don en El Bierzo (León) a partir de datos de dos inventarios de parcelas permanentes, de entre 7 y 36 años de edad, establecidas por la Universidad de León. En este modelo, las condiciones del rodal en un instante dado están definidas por tres variables de estado (área basimétrica, número de pies por hectárea y altura dominante). El modelo incluye tres funciones de transición obtenidas mediante la metodología de ecuaciones en diferencias algebraicas generalizadas que permite la proyección de las variables de estado a un determinado instante en el tiempo. Una vez conocidas las variables de estado, una función de distribución estima el número de pies en cada clase diamétrica mediante la metodología de recuperación de los parámetros de la función deWeibull usando el método de los momentos. Finalmente, una función de altura-diámetro generalizada y una función de perfil de tronco permiten la estimación del volumen total o comercial del rodal. El modelo proporciona predicciones satisfactorias para un intervalo de proyección de tres años. La simulación del crecimiento de cuatro rodales bajo dos regímenes selvícolas distintos y dos calidades de estación diferentes corrobora que las estimaciones proporcionadas por el modelo global representan adecuadamente los efectos de la densidad de la masa y la calidad de la estación. Finalmente se analizan y discuten otras aplicaciones del modelo elaborado

A feasibility analysis towards the simulation of hysteresis with spin-lattice dynamics

We use spin-lattice dynamics simulations to study the possibility of modeling the magnetic hysteresis behavior of a ferromagnetic material. The temporal evolution of the magnetic and mechanical degrees of freedom is obtained through a set of two coupled Langevin equations. Hysteresis loops are calculated for different angles between the external field and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy axes. The influence of several relevant parameters is studied, including the field frequency, magnetic damping, magnetic anisotropy (magnitude and type), magnetic exchange, and system size. The role played by a moving lattice is also discussed. For a perfect bulk ferromagnetic system we find that, at low temperatures, the exchange and lattice dynamics barely affect the loops, while the field frequency and magnetic damping have a large effect on it. The influence of the anisotropy magnitude and symmetry are found to follow the expected behavior. We show that a careful choice of simulation parameters allows for an excellent agreement between the spin-lattice dynamics measurements and the paradigmatic Stoner-Wohlfarth model. Furthermore, we extend this analysis to intermediate and high temperatures for the perfect bulk system and for spherical nanoparticles, with and without defects, reaching values close to the Curie temperature. In this temperature range, we find that lattice dynamics has a greater role on the magnetic behavior, especially in the evolution of the defective samples. The present study opens the possibility for more accurate inclusion of lattice defects and thermal effects in hysteresis simulation

Dar clase con bibliotecas en las aulas

Ainda hoje, após várias décadas de conscientização sobre a importância de contar com bibliotecas nas classes e nas escolas, é surpreendente notar que a sempre defendida demanda de alfabetização universal não seja sistematicamente acompanhada por uma constante demanda de instalação de bibliotecas em todas as classes ou, ao menos, em todas as escolas da região. E, mais ainda, quando se conta com o acervo necessário, o que fica faltando são mais programas sistemáticos e constantes que, contra uma lógica de livros únicos e leituras únicas, abram a aula para o universo das inúmeras leituras na diversidade de gêneros que acumulamos através de séculos de cultura escrita.Aún hoy, después de varias décadas de concientización sobre la importancia de contar con bibliotecas en las aulas y en las escuelas, es llamativo advertir que la siempre sostenida demanda de alfabetización universal no sea sistemáticamente acompañada de una constante demanda de instalación de bibliotecas en todas las aulas o, al menos, en todas las escuelas de la región. Más aún, cuando se cuenta con el acervo necesario, hacen falta más programas sistemáticos y sostenidos que, contra una lógica de libros únicos y lecturas únicas, abra la clase al universo de las múltiples lecturas en la diversidad de géneros que hemos acumulado a través de siglos de cultura escrita.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Dar clase con bibliotecas en las aulas

Ainda hoje, após várias décadas de conscientização sobre a importância de contar com bibliotecas nas classes e nas escolas, é surpreendente notar que a sempre defendida demanda de alfabetização universal não seja sistematicamente acompanhada por uma constante demanda de instalação de bibliotecas em todas as classes ou, ao menos, em todas as escolas da região. E, mais ainda, quando se conta com o acervo necessário, o que fica faltando são mais programas sistemáticos e constantes que, contra uma lógica de livros únicos e leituras únicas, abram a aula para o universo das inúmeras leituras na diversidade de gêneros que acumulamos através de séculos de cultura escrita.Aún hoy, después de varias décadas de concientización sobre la importancia de contar con bibliotecas en las aulas y en las escuelas, es llamativo advertir que la siempre sostenida demanda de alfabetización universal no sea sistemáticamente acompañada de una constante demanda de instalación de bibliotecas en todas las aulas o, al menos, en todas las escuelas de la región. Más aún, cuando se cuenta con el acervo necesario, hacen falta más programas sistemáticos y sostenidos que, contra una lógica de libros únicos y lecturas únicas, abra la clase al universo de las múltiples lecturas en la diversidad de géneros que hemos acumulado a través de siglos de cultura escrita.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Dar clase con bibliotecas en las aulas

Ainda hoje, após várias décadas de conscientização sobre a importância de contar com bibliotecas nas classes e nas escolas, é surpreendente notar que a sempre defendida demanda de alfabetização universal não seja sistematicamente acompanhada por uma constante demanda de instalação de bibliotecas em todas as classes ou, ao menos, em todas as escolas da região. E, mais ainda, quando se conta com o acervo necessário, o que fica faltando são mais programas sistemáticos e constantes que, contra uma lógica de livros únicos e leituras únicas, abram a aula para o universo das inúmeras leituras na diversidade de gêneros que acumulamos através de séculos de cultura escrita.Aún hoy, después de varias décadas de concientización sobre la importancia de contar con bibliotecas en las aulas y en las escuelas, es llamativo advertir que la siempre sostenida demanda de alfabetización universal no sea sistemáticamente acompañada de una constante demanda de instalación de bibliotecas en todas las aulas o, al menos, en todas las escuelas de la región. Más aún, cuando se cuenta con el acervo necesario, hacen falta más programas sistemáticos y sostenidos que, contra una lógica de libros únicos y lecturas únicas, abra la clase al universo de las múltiples lecturas en la diversidad de géneros que hemos acumulado a través de siglos de cultura escrita.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Reinforced Concrete Building with IED Detonation: Test and Simulation

There is growing concern about the possibility of a suicide bomber being immolated when the army forces or the law enforcement agencies discover the place where they prepare their material or simply find themselves inside a building. To study the possible effects that these improvised explosive devices (IEDs) would have on the structures, eight tests were carried out with various configurations of IEDs with vest bombs inside a reinforced concrete (including walls and roof) building constructed ad hoc for these tests. These vests were made with different explosives (black powder, ANFO, AN/AL, PG2). For the characterization of these tests, a high-speed camera and pressure and acceleration sensors were used. The structure behaved surprisingly well, as it withstood all the first seven detonations without apparent structural damage. In the last detonation, located on the ground and with a significant explosive charge, the structural integrity of the roof and some of the walls was compromised. The simulation of the building was carried out with the LS-DYNA software with a Lagrangian formulation for the walls, using the LBE (based on CONWEP) module for the application of the charge. Despite the difficulty of this simulation, the results obtained, in terms of applied pressures and measured accelerations, are acceptable with differences of about 20%

An automated fluorescence videomicroscopy assay for the detection of mitotic catastrophe

Mitotic catastrophe can be defined as a cell death mode that occurs during or shortly after a prolonged/aberrant mitosis, and can show apoptotic or necrotic features. However, conventional procedures for the detection of apoptosis or necrosis, including biochemical bulk assays and cytofluorometric techniques, cannot discriminate among pre-mitotic, mitotic and post-mitotic death, and hence are inappropriate to monitor mitotic catastrophe. To address this issue, we generated isogenic human colon carcinoma cell lines that differ in ploidy and p53 status, yet express similar amounts of fluorescent biosensors that allow for the visualization of chromatin (histone H2B coupled to green fluorescent protein (GFP)) and centrosomes (centrin coupled to the Discosoma striata red fluorescent protein (DsRed)). By combining high-resolution fluorescence videomicroscopy and automated image analysis, we established protocols and settings for the simultaneous assessment of ploidy, mitosis, centrosome number and cell death (which in our model system occurs mainly by apoptosis). Time-lapse videomicroscopy showed that this approach can be used for the high-throughput detection of mitotic catastrophe induced by three mechanistically distinct anti-mitotic agents (dimethylenastron (DIMEN), nocodazole (NDZ) and paclitaxel (PTX)), and – in this context – revealed an important role of p53 in the control of centrosome number

Criteria to predict carriers of a novel SCN5A mutation in a large Portuguese family affected by the Brugada syndrome

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a life-threatening arrhythmia disorder associated with autosomal-dominant mutations in the SCN5A gene. We aimed to characterize the diagnostic challenges and clinical manifestations of a novel SCN5A mutation associated with BrS.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Action on the social determinants for advancing health equity in the time of COVID-19: perspectives of actors engaged in a WHO Special Initiative

Since the 2008 publication of the reports of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health and its nine knowledge networks, substantial research has been undertaken to document and describe health inequities. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need for a deeper understanding of, and broader action on, the social determinants of health. Building on this unique and critical opportunity, the World Health Organization is steering a multi-country Initiative to reduce health inequities through an action-learning process in ‘Pathfinder’ countries. The Initiative aims to develop replicable and reliable models and practices that can be adopted by WHO offices and UN staff to address the social determinants of health to advance health equity. This paper provides an overview of the Initiative by describing its broad theory of change and work undertaken in three regions and six Pathfinder countries in its first year-and-a-half. Participants engaged in the Initiative describe results of early country dialogues and promising entry points for implementation that involve model, network and capacity building. The insights communicated through this note from the field will be of interest for others aiming to advance health equity through taking action on the social determinants of health, in particular as regards structural determinants