127 research outputs found
The initiator methionine tRNA drives cell migration and invasion leading to increased metastatic potential in melanoma
The cell's repertoire of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) has been linked to cancer. Recently, levels of the initiator methionine tRNA (tRNAiMet) in stromal fibroblasts have been shown to influence extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion to drive tumour growth and angiogenesis. Here we show that increased tRNAiMet within cancer cells does not influence tumour growth, but drives cell migration and invasion via a mechanism that is independent from ECM synthesis and dependent on α5β1 integrin and levels of the translation initiation ternary complex. In vivo and ex vivo migration (but not proliferation) of melanoblasts is significantly enhanced in transgenic mice which express additional copies of the tRNAiMet gene. We show that increased tRNAiMet in melanoma drives migratory, invasive behaviour and metastatic potential without affecting cell proliferation and primary tumour growth, and that expression of RNA polymerase III-associated genes (which drive tRNA expression) are elevated in metastases by comparison with primary tumours. Thus specific alterations to the cancer cell tRNA repertoire drive a migration/invasion programme that may lead to metastasis
The influence of maternal health factors including multimorbidity on child oral health:A scoping review and evidence gap map protocol
Read the latest article version by Faith Campbell, Scott McGregor, Louise Marryat, Ryan Stewart, Jan Clarkson, Heather Cassie at Wellcome Open Researc
The influence of maternal health factors including multimorbidity on child oral health:A scoping review and evidence gap map protocol
Read the latest article version by Faith Campbell, Scott McGregor, Louise Marryat, Ryan Stewart, Jan Clarkson, Heather Cassie at Wellcome Open Researc
The Grizzly, August 29, 2002
Three Professors Up for Tenure • New Meningitis Vaccine Law in PA • Phi Kappa Sigma: Leaders Commended for Talents • Best Buddies Gives Laptops to the Handicapped • Research Presented by 54 Students and Alumni • Opinions: Zack\u27s Closes the Equivalency Door on Snacks and Juices; New Hours for the Fitness Center Spell Big Problems for Students • Addresses and Phone Numbers to Places in Collegeville • SEPTA Bus Schedule for Collegeville • Ursinus Art & Lecture Series • Fall Sports Ready to Begin Playhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1516/thumbnail.jp
The initiator methionine tRNA drives secretion of type II collagen from stromal fibroblasts to promote tumor growth and angiogenesis
Summary:
Expression of the initiator methionine tRNA (tRNAi
Met)
is deregulated in cancer. Despite this fact, it is not
currently known how tRNAi
Met expression levels influence
tumor progression. We have found that tRNAi
Met
expression is increased in carcinoma-associated
fibroblasts, implicating deregulated expression of
tRNAi
Met in the tumor stroma as a possible contributor
to tumor progression. To investigate how elevated
stromal tRNAi
Met contributes to tumor progression,
we generated a mouse expressing additional copies
of the tRNAi
Met gene (2+tRNAi
Met mouse). Growth
and vascularization of subcutaneous tumor allografts
was enhanced in 2+tRNAi
Met mice compared with
wild-type littermate controls. Extracellular matrix
(ECM) deposited by fibroblasts from 2+tRNAi
Met
mice supported enhanced endothelial cell and fibroblast
migration. SILAC mass spectrometry indicated
that elevated expression of tRNAi
Met significantly
increased synthesis and secretion of certain types of
collagen, in particular type II collagen. Suppression
of type II collagen opposed the ability of tRNAi
Metoverexpressing
fibroblasts to deposit pro-migratory
ECM. We used the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor ethyl-
3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB) to determine whether
collagen synthesis contributes to the tRNAi
Met-driven
pro-tumorigenic stroma in vivo. DHB had no effect
on the growth of syngeneic allografts in wild-type
mice but opposed the ability of 2+tRNAi
Met mice to
support increased angiogenesis and tumor growth.
Finally, collagen II expression predicts poor prognosis
in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Taken
together, these data indicate that increased tRNAi
Met
levels contribute to tumor progression by enhancing
the ability of stromal fibroblasts to synthesize and
secrete a type II collagen-rich ECM that supports
endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis
The influence of maternal health factors including multimorbidity on child oral health : a scoping review and evidence gap map protocol
Objective The objective of this scoping review is to map the extent and type of evidence in relation to the association between maternal health conditions, including multimorbidity and child oral health. Introduction Child oral health research has historically focussed on toothbrushing, diet and neglect of care, including not taking children to dental appointments. Newer theories are emerging that detail the many factors that can influence child oral health at child, family and community levels 1 . More recently, the association between maternal general health and child oral health has been explored, with preliminary evidence suggesting a link between shared environmental factors and direct maternal-to-child transfer of bacteria and diet/substance use during pregnancy causing childhood caries 2,3 . Inclusion criteria This review will include all published studies that describe the relationship between maternal health (including multimorbidity) and child oral health. There will be no limitation on the date of publication due to the limited number of studies available from the initial search of PubMed. The review will exclude case studies, abstracts, and grey literature. Literature must be in English language. Methods The following databases will be searched; CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Maternity and Infant Care, Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. The search will include sources in English only and will be undertaken between April and July 2024. Studies to be included will be of any type of study design that describe a relationship between maternal health factors, including maternal oral health, and child oral health. Data extraction will be undertaken using tabulation of results by at least two independent reviewers. Narrative analysis of the evidence will be undertaken, and results will be presented in a narrative and tabular manner due to the heterogenous and limited evidence base found in the test search. This review has been registered prospectively on Open Science Framework, (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ECSWJ). The review will also inform an Evidence Gap Map (EGM) to illustrate the current evidence base regarding maternal health factors that influence child oral health
The Grizzly, February 27, 2003
An Appetite for New Ideas: Hunger Activist Visits Ursinus • Blizzard 2003 • Night on the Town Ursinus Style • Black History Month Ends • Opinion: What is the Big Deal About Turning 21? • DanceBOOM: A Unique & Unforgettable Cultural Experience • Erfle, Luciano Reach 1,000 • UC Wrestling Captures Centennial Conference Championship • Good News: Women\u27s Gymnastic Teamhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1530/thumbnail.jp
Clinical impairment in premanifest and early Huntington's disease is associated with regionally specific atrophy.
TRACK-HD is a multicentre longitudinal observational study investigating the use of clinical assessments and 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging as potential biomarkers for future therapeutic trials in Huntington's disease (HD). The cross-sectional data from this large well-characterized dataset provide the opportunity to improve our knowledge of how the underlying neuropathology of HD may contribute to the clinical manifestations of the disease across the spectrum of premanifest (PreHD) and early HD. Two hundred and thirty nine gene-positive subjects (120 PreHD and 119 early HD) from the TRACK-HD study were included. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), grey and white matter volumes were correlated with performance in four domains: quantitative motor (tongue force, metronome tapping, and gait); oculomotor [anti-saccade error rate (ASE)]; cognition (negative emotion recognition, spot the change and the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test) and neuropsychiatric measures (apathy, affect and irritability). After adjusting for estimated disease severity, regionally specific associations between structural loss and task performance were found (familywise error corrected, P < 0.05); impairment in tongue force, metronome tapping and ASE were all associated with striatal loss. Additionally, tongue force deficits and ASE were associated with volume reduction in the occipital lobe. Impaired recognition of negative emotions was associated with volumetric reductions in the precuneus and cuneus. Our study reveals specific associations between atrophy and decline in a range of clinical modalities, demonstrating the utility of VBM correlation analysis for investigating these relationships in HD
The Grizzly, October 3, 2002
Students Show Parents Their Second Home: Family Day 2002 • Students Voice Opinions in Campus Terrorism Talk • Memory of Fountain Trickles Away • Davis Professor to Deliver Lectures for Students and Faculty • New Technical Director Brings Different View Behind the Scenes • Read All About it: Newspapers in the Bookstore • Opinions: Eminem: Good or Bad • Four Doors: A Memorial • Fun Historic Event: The Heritage Festival Held on the Wentz Farmstead • Women\u27s Rugby Score First try in Ursinus History • Dougherty Sprints to Second Place • Renovate Your Room by Swappin\u27 Suites • Comparative Pricing: Comfort Foodhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1521/thumbnail.jp
The Grizzly, September 11, 2003
Unique Organizations Attract New Members at Activities Fair • To Party or Not to Party: How is the Question • Reflections on the Post-September 11th World • An Anniversary Like No Other • A Major Decision • A Day in the Life: Lounge Living • Student Spotlight: Locks for Love • Activities Coming to You • Family Day at UC • John Mayer & Counting Crows • Opinions: Please Read: E-mail Abuse is Annoying; A Continuing Story: Out of the Middle East; The [De] Stabilized Situation in Iraq • 9/11: Reliving the Tragedy • SIGI Plus to the Rescue • UC on File Sharing: Joining the Bandwagon • Party Etiquette 101 • Price Comparison: Popular CDs • The Wit and Wisdom of J. D. Salinger • Bears Knock Out Susquehanna, 24-17 • Volleyball Team Makes it Three in a Row • TCNJ Field Hockey Blanks Ursinus • Men\u27s Soccer Comes out Even • Ursinus Women Dominate Soccer Classic • The Kobe Bryant Sagahttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1540/thumbnail.jp
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