Los Indicadores y la Planeación de la Educación Superior en América Latina

[EN] In this paper we analyze how the growth and development of higher education systems ( SES ) in Latin America were associated with the types of government and political system who experienced these countries. Are two moments in the development of the SES which corresponds to the period of authoritarian rule and that is associated with the advent of democracy. Information is required to conduct SES rational planning growth. In this sense , we reflect on the lack of information on national education systems , the difficulty to obtain and systematize trouble . In recent years there have been concerted efforts by international organizations to build systems of indicators , we review here the most representative. It reflects on the use and enhancement of the indicators as a basis for public policy development and management of institutions.[ES] En este trabajo se analiza cómo el crecimiento y desarrollo de los sistemas de educación superior (SES) en América Latina estuvieron asociados a los tipos de gobierno y de régimen político que vivieron estos países. Se observan dos momentos en el desarrollo de los SES: el que corresponde a la época de los gobiernos autoritarios y el que se asocia con el advenimiento de la democracia. Se requiere información de los SES para llevar a cabo una planificación racional de su crecimiento. En este sentido, reflexionamos sobre la falta de información sobre los sistemas de educación nacionales, la dificultad para obtenerla y los problemas para sistematizarla. En años recientes se han realizado esfuerzos coordinados por diversas organizaciones internacionales para la construcción de sistemas de indicadores, revisamos aquí los más representativos. Se reflexiona sobre el uso y la valorización de los indicadores como fundamento de la elaboración de las políticas públicas y de la gestión de las instituciones.Casillas Alvarado, MA.; Castro López, C.; Ortega Guerrero, JC. (2014). Los Indicadores y la Planeación de la Educación Superior en América Latina. En CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL INFOACES. UN SISTEMA DE INFORMACIÓN PARA LAS UNIVERSIDADES LATINOAMERICANAS. LIBRO DE ACTAS. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 37-40. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/91461OCS374

La identidad de los equipos de fútbol mexicanos a través de sus identificadores gráficos y su influencia en la cultura mexicana

In Mexico, soccer becomes a passion for many fans, and the culture surrounding this sport is represented by the expression of batons, attendance at stadiums and social gatherings with family and friends. It is the graphic identifiers of the teams and their identity in the shirts that project the essence of each team, causing a strong identification of the fans with their team, fostering a sense of intense belonging to them. This is a phenomenon that few companies can achieve so reliably in the mind of the consumer and even get to awaken an indescribable love. This document documents the evolution of the graphic identifiers of the five most representative teams of Mexican soccer according to the magazine Forbes, Mexico 2018 that include Guadalajara, Monterrey, América, Santos Laguna, and Tijuana, and some of the effects that they produce in their followers.En México, el fútbol se convierte en una pasión para muchos aficionados, y la cultura entorno a este deporte se representa con la expresión de las porras, asistencia a los estadios y reuniones sociales con los familiares y amigos. Son los identificadores gráficos de los equipos y su identidad en las playeras lo que proyecta la esencia de cada equipo, provocando una fuerte identificación de los aficionados con su equipo fomentando un sentido de pertenencia intenso hacia ellos. Este es un fenómeno que pocas empresas pueden lograr tan fehaciente en la mente del consumidor e incluso llegar a despertar un amor indescriptible. En este texto se documenta la evolución de los identificadores gráficos de los cinco equipos más representativos del fútbol mexicano de acuerdo a la revista Forbes, México 2018 que incluyen al Guadalajara, el Monterrey, el América, Santos Laguna, Tijuana, y algunos de los efectos que producen en sus seguidores.No México, o futebol se torna uma paixão para muitos fãs, e a cultura em torno deste esporte é representada pela expressão de cassetetes, participação em estádios e reuniões sociais com familiares e amigos. São os identificadores gráficos das equipes e sua identidade nas camisetas que projetam a essência de cada equipe, provocando uma forte identificação dos torcedores com sua equipe, fomentando uma sensação de intenso pertencimento a eles. Esse é um fenômeno que poucas empresas conseguem alcançar de maneira tão confiável na mente do consumidor e até conseguem despertar um amor indescritível. Este documento documenta a evolução dos identificadores gráficos das cinco equipes mais representativas do futebol mexicano, de acordo com a revista Forbes, México 2018, que inclui Guadalajara, Monterrey, América, Santos Laguna e Tijuana, e alguns dos efeitos que eles produzem em seus seguidores

Innovación y cambio en la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana en el futuro próximo.

The authors of this article propose a comparative exercise involving some initial features that characterized the original project of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana with its present characteristics. We review the academic organization cases, the multi-campus organization, the government and management systems, the traits of the academic personnel and the development of the academic career, and unionism. The authors propose to analyze these features since they characterize the UAM�s project, but also they are contributions that said institutional project incorporated into the Mexican system of higher education.Los autores proponen un ejercicio comparativo entre algunos rasgos iniciales que caracterizaron el proyecto original de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana con sus características actuales. Se revisan los casos de la organización académica, la organización multicampus, el sistema de gobierno y de gestión, los rasgos del personal académico y el desarrollo de la carrera académica, y el sindicalismo. Los autores se proponen analizar estos rasgos pues caracterizan el proyecto UAM, pero también constituyen aportaciones que ese proyecto institucional incorporó en el sistema de educación superior mexicano

Are Mechanical Vibrations an Effective Alternative to Accelerate Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Humans? A Systematic Review

The objective of this article was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to contrast the existing evidence on the effect of mechanical vibrations, either high or low frequency, as an alternative to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement in humans. A literature search from 2010 to June 2021 was conducted in the electronic databases: PubMed, NCBI, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Ovid, using the eligibility criteria to identify the studies. Only randomized clinical trials (RCT) were included. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool and the risk of bias (RoB) in individual studies was evaluated according to the Cochrane bias risk tool. Fifteen RTCs were included for final review. Overall, the RoB was classified as low (3), moderate (5), and high (7). Three articles with low RoB, four with moderate RoB, and four with high RoB found no significant effect in the use of vibrations on orthodontic movement. Only four articles, three of them with high RoB and one with moderate RoB, found that mechanical vibrations are effective at accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. The results seemed to indicate that there is no evidence that vibratory stimuli can increase the rate of dental movement or reduce neither the time of dental alignment nor canine retraction during orthodontic treatment. It is important to note that a greater number of high-quality randomized controlled trials are urgently needed