Evaluación catalítica de sistemas heteropoliácidos en la eterificación de glicerol

Existen diferentes rutas de valorización del glicerol y una de ellas es la eterificación directa con alcoholes en presencia de un catalizador preferentemente heterogéneo con características ácidas.El objetivo fue estudiar el desempeño de catalizadores a base de SiO2 funcionalizada con HPA (H3O40PW12·xH2O) en la eterificación de glicerol (Gly) con alcohol bencílico (BA)

Desarrollo de un sistema integrado para la potabilización de aguas contaminadas con NO3

La investigación y el desarrollo de tecnologías para remediar aguas contaminadas con exceso de NO3- están en constante aumento. Una alternativa económica y potencialmente efectiva se basa en la hidrogenación catalítica de NO3- al producto inocuo N2. En el presente trabajo, se diseñó un sistema integrado adsorción/catálisis en donde el NO3- fue primero adsorbido y concentrado sobre un adsorbente y luego reducido al producto de interés N2 en un reactor conteniendo catalizadores estructurados, de manera de minimizar el volumen a tratar y el costo consecuente del tratamiento

Mitigación de acidez de bio-oils debida a la presencia de ácidos orgánicos volátiles mediante catalizadores heterogéneos

Los bio-oils son potenciales combustibles y materias primas para obtener catalíticamente hidrocarburos. Para poder coprocesar un bio-oil en la refinería es necesario eliminar la alta acidez. Los ácidos orgánicos volátiles como el ácido acético (se encuentra en mayor concentración) y fórmico son los responsables de la acidez.&nbsp

Valorización conjunta de glicerol y furfural asistida por catalizadores ácidos para la obtención de bioaditivos

En la última década, los combustibles renovables han cobrado gran interés en las investigaciones en el campo de la energía, así como la producción de moléculas plataforma derivadas de desechos de biomasa en busca de soluciones sustentables a la crisis energética

PtSn/SiO2 catalysts prepared by surface controlled reactions for the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde

Tin-modified platinum catalysts were prepared by means of a controlled surface reaction, varying the Sn:Pt atomic ratio between 0 and 0.8. The addition of tin caused a noticeable change both in product distribution and the reaction rate. The selectivity to cinnamyl alcohol increases as a function of Sn content, reaching a value of 80% for a Sn:Pt ratio of 0.8. Reaction rate is also higher for bimetallic catalysts than for Pt/SiO2, with the highest value obtained for systems with Sn:Pt=0.2–0.4. These results are indicative of the formation of a new type of active sites, compared to those present in the monometallic catalyst. Bimetallic catalysts using a water-soluble tin precursor Bu3SnOH, were also prepared. An enhanced performance regarding the monometallic catalyst was also obtained with these materials proving to be an environmentally friendlier alternative to obtain PtSn catalysts. Fil: Casella, Monica Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Merlo, Andrea Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Machado, Bruno F.. Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de engenharia. Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais; PortugalFil: Vetere, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Faria, Joaquim L.. Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de engenharia. Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais; Portuga

Appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy for primary and secondary cardio- and cerebrovascular prevention in acutely hospitalized older people

Aims: Antiplatelet therapy is recommended for the secondary prevention of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease, but for primary prevention it is advised only in patients at very high risk. With this background, this study aims to assess the appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy in acutely hospitalized older people according to their risk profile. Methods: Data were obtained from the REPOSI register held in Italian and Spanish internal medicine and geriatric wards in 2012 and 2014. Hospitalized patients aged ≥65 assessable at discharge were selected. Appropriateness of the antiplatelet therapy was evaluated according to their primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention profiles. Results: Of 2535 enrolled patients, 2199 were assessable at discharge. Overall 959 (43.6%, 95% CI 41.5–45.7) were prescribed an antiplatelet drug, aspirin being the most frequently chosen. Among patients prescribed for primary prevention, just over half were inappropriately prescribed (52.1%), being mainly overprescribed (155/209 patients, 74.2%). On the other hand, there was also a high rate of inappropriate underprescription in the context of secondary prevention (222/726 patients, 30.6%, 95% CI 27.3–34.0%). Conclusions: This study carried out in acutely hospitalized older people shows a high degree of inappropriate prescription among patients prescribed with antiplatelets for primary prevention, mainly due to overprescription. Further, a large proportion of patients who had had overt cardio- or cerebrovascular disease were underprescribed, in spite of the established benefits of antiplatelet drugs in the context of secondary prevention

The Australian Reproductive Genetic Carrier Screening Project (Mackenzie’s Mission): Design and Implementation

Reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS) provides people with information about their chance of having children with autosomal recessive or X-linked genetic conditions, enabling informed reproductive decision-making. RGCS is recommended to be offered to all couples during preconception or in early pregnancy. However, cost and a lack of awareness may prevent access. To address this, the Australian Government funded Mackenzie’s Mission—the Australian Reproductive Genetic Carrier Screening Project. Mackenzie’s Mission aims to assess the acceptability and feasibility of an easily accessible RGCS program, provided free of charge to the participant. In study Phase 1, implementation needs were mapped, and key study elements were developed. In Phase 2, RGCS is being offered by healthcare providers educated by the study team. Reproductive couples who provide consent are screened for over 1200 genes associated with >750 serious, childhood-onset genetic conditions. Those with an increased chance result are provided comprehensive genetic counseling support. Reproductive couples, recruiting healthcare providers, and study team members are also invited to complete surveys and/or interviews. In Phase 3, a mixed-methods analysis will be undertaken to assess the program outcomes, psychosocial implications and implementation considerations alongside an ongoing bioethical analysis and a health economic evaluation. Findings will inform the implementation of an ethically robust RGCS program