Política comunitaria y ordenación del territorio. Necesidad de una adaptación de la PA.C. al contexto mediterráneo.

Sin resume

The commitment of sheep and goat production systems in the agro-ecological transition:a collective participative approach in Corsica

OM 123The importance of environmental challenges in agriculture and livestock production requires an eco-logical transition of the production systems including the sheep and goat ones. In this context, establishing theconditions for agro – ecological changes and building innovative pathways of changes could favor this transi-tion. After a presentation of some theoretical concepts behind the idea of ecological transition and agro – ecol-ogy, the objective of this communication is to report the implementation of a participative approach involvingscientists, technicians, teachers and breeders in Corsica Island focusing on pastoral systems. This approachaims to design the performances of the systems from their triple social economic and environmental dimen-sions, how they are in line with the agro – ecological orientations and how to improve them. Inspired from pre-vious methodologies but innovating through a participative approach, an easy-to-implement method has beenadjusted to the characteristics of the local systems and agro-ecological criteria for sheep and goat herds andsystems, we designed 10 groups of indicators including societal dimensions integrated in an AgroecologicalLivestock Proximity Index (ALPI). The exchanges during the sessions have shown that agro-ecology is notonly an institutional injunction. It is also a collective methodological approach and pathway to design whichinnovations could support the sustainable development and changes in sheep and goat farming and special-ly, in pastoral systems. The utilization of this method and its further developments are evoked

Nécessité d’une politique agricole et environnementale adaptée aux zones méditerranéennes

A PAC actual tem efeitos muito negativos sobre a economia, o ambiente e a vida das sociedades rurais do Mediterrâneo. Importa interrogarmo-nos sobre a lógica de uma tal política e sobre os seus efeitos regionais. O autor apresenta uma reflexão sobre as linhas gerais de uma outra política agrícola, mais satisfatória para as populações rurais do Mediterrâne

Pâturer l’arganeraie : Le chevreau face à l’huile d’argan

Au Maroc, l’arganier est souvent qualifié d’« arbre à chèvres », car les animaux se nourrissent de ses feuilles et de ses fruits. L’arbre est également exploité pour la production d’huile d’argan dont le succès économique est grandissant depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix. En s’inscrivant chacune dans une démarche d’indication géographique (aboutie pour l’huile et en cours pour celle du chevreau), ces deux activités, hier réunies de façon organique, se retrouvent aujourd’hui concurrentes dans l’accès aux ressources de l’arganeraie, classée depuis 1998 patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. Pointé comme une menace pour cet écosystème remarquable, le pâturage aérien est au cœur de la controverse. Si le projet de labellisation du chevreau a participé à la publicisation de cette dernière, il a par ailleurs aussi permis aux éleveurs d’acquérir une capacité d’expression collective et de s’investir dans le renouvellement du sens conféré à leurs savoirs et cultures techniques.In Morocco, the argan tree is often referred to as a « goat tree » because these animals feed on its leaves and fruits. The tree is also used to produce argan oil whose economic success has continued to grow since the 1990s. By attributing a geographical indication to each one (already done for the oil and in progress for the kids), these two activities, which were organically linked together in the past, are now in competition for access to the resources of the argan forest, on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1998. Singled out as a threat to this extraordinary ecosystem, aerial grazing is at the core of the controversy. Although the labeling project for the kid contributed to publicizing this controversy, it also provided the opportunity for goat farmers to acquire the ability to express themselves as a group, enabling them to attribute a renewed meaning to their technical cultures