Recomendações Para O Tratamento Da Crise Migranosa - Um Consenso Brasileiro

In this article, a group of experts in headache management of the Brazilian Headache Society developed through a consensus strategic measurements to treat a migraine attack in both the child and the adult. Particular emphasis was laid on the treatment of migraine in women, including at pregnancy, lactation and perimenstrual period. © 2016, Associacao Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. All rights reserved.74326227

Distribuição de Biomphalaria straminea ao Sul da Região Neotropical, Brasil Distribution of Biomphalaria straminea in the Southern Neotropical Region of Brazil

Objetivou-se atualizar os conhecimentos sobre a área colonizada pela Biomphalaria straminea e de alguns dos determinantes envolvidos na dispersão dessa espécie hospedeira intermediária de Schistosoma mansoni. Foram examinados 10.616 exemplares de caramujos procedentes de 76 localidades do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), e realizado levantamento dos registros de ocorrência da espécie disponíveis na literatura especializada. Ficou demonstrada a expansão dos domínios territoriais de B. straminea na região, ressaltando que na parte superior da bacia hidrográfica do rio Paraná, a disseminação dos caramujos mostra estreita relação com o aproveitamento de longos trechos de rios para a navegação fluvial. Dados os riscos epidemiológicos associados à propagação desses transmissores da esquistossomose, ressalta-se a necessidade da manutenção do controle e vigilância da endemia na região.<br>A careful anatomical revision of 10,616 preserved specimens of snails from 76 localities of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, was made with a view better to determining the geographical distribution of Biomphalaria straminea in the Neotropical Region of Southern Brazil. The analysis has shown that previous determinations were correct. The study was then complemented with a survey of information from the literature about distribution of the species. The distribution pattern of the species has expanded greatly over the last few years, perhaps an account of the construction of new dams, and the navigation system in the upper Paraná Basin. Epidemiological data have shown that B. straminea is a good host to S. mansoni. Continuous schistosomiasis control must be exercised so as to prevent the further expansion of the disease

Brazilian Biologic Registry: Biobada Brasil Implementation Process And Preliminary Results

Objectives: The present study aimed at describing the implementation process of a national registry in a developing country (Brazil) and at reporting the main preliminary results of the BiobadaBrasil registry. Material and methods: Through a PANLAR agreement, the Biobadaser protocol was used as a model for implementing the new registry in our country. During the first two years of this effort, the original protocol was adapted, translated, and presented to all Brazilian rheumatologists. For ten months, data of 1,037 patients (750 subjects treated with biological drugs and 287 control subjects) from 15 centers were collected. Results: Most patients had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 723). Infliximab was the most frequently used anti-TNF agent, and the total exposure to biologic drugs was 2,101 patient-years. The most common reason for interrupting drug use was lack or loss of efficacy (50%), while 30% withdrew from the treatment arm due to adverse events. Three cases of tuberculosis were observed in the biologic group, with an incidence higher than that of the general Brazilian population. Infections were observed in 23% of the biologic group, and the upper respiratory tract was the most commonly affected site. Only one case of tuberculoid leprosy was observed. No deaths or malignancies attributed to drug effects were observed as of February 2010. Conclusions: The implementation of the BiobadaBrasil registry was successful, and, although recent, the registry has provided important data. ©Elsevier Editora Ltda.51214515

Levantamento malacológico da Bacia Hidrográfica do Lago Soledade, Ouro Branco, (Minas Gerais, Brasil) Malacological survey at the Soledade Lake, in Ouro Branco (Minas Gerais, Brazil)

Em estudo malacológico realizado na Bacia Hidrográfica do Lago Soledade, Ouro Branco, MG, no período de setembro de 1986 a março de 1991, foram coletados 46.579 moluscos, representados por 07 espécies de 05 famílias. Foram coletados 39.176 exemplares de Biomphalaria tenagophila, 1.296 de B. glabrata, sete exemplares de Drepanotrema cimex, 2.527 de Physa sp, 417 de Lymnaea sp, 92 de Pomacea haustrum e, a partir de março/1990, 3.064 exemplares de Melanoides tuberculata (Melanniidae = Thiaridae). Dos moluscos que apresentaram positividade para diversas larvas de trematódeos, quatro exemplares de B. tenagophila estavam positivos para S. mansoni.<br>A malacological survey was carried out at the Soledade Lake, in Ouro Branco, State of Minas Gerais, for the period 1986-1991. A total amount of 46,579 mollusks was collected, and among them seven species corresponding to five families could be found, as follows: 39,176 specimens of Biomphalaria tenagophila; 1,296 B. glabrata; 7 Drepanotrema cimex; 2,527 Physa sp; 417 Lymnaea sp; 92 Pomacea hastrum, and 3,064 specimens of Melanoides tuberculata (Melanniidae=Thiaridae) were collected from March/1990 onwards. Four specimens of B. tenagophila were found to be positive for Schistosoma mansoni

Abdominal ultrasound in the evaluation of fibrosis and portal hypertension in an area of schistosomiasis low endemicity Ultra-sonografia abdominal na avaliação de fibrose e hipertensão portal em área de baixa endemicidade de esquistossomose

This study was undertaken in the municipality of Bananal, São Paulo, an endemic area for schistosomiasis with a prevalence under 10% and low parasite load among infected individuals. Our objective was to identify the clinical forms of schistosomiasis among 109 patients in whom the disease had been diagnosed through direct fecal analysis and who had been medicated with oxamniquine at the time of the Plan for the Intensification of Schistosomiasis Control Actions (1998-2000). These patients were submitted to an abdominal ultrasonography and fecal analysis by Kato-Katz method, four years, on average, after the end of the Plan. Five patients, whose abdominal ultrasound images were compatible with either peripheral or central periportal fibrosis and portal hypertension, were identified. None of the 109 patients presented Schistosoma mansoni eggs at fecal analysis. Ultrasonography is a sensitive, noninvasive diagnostic method that allows a better identification of the extent of liver involvement in schistosomiasis cases.<br>Este estudo desenvolveu-se no município de Bananal, São Paulo, uma área endêmica para esquistossomose com prevalência menor que 10% e baixa carga parasitária nos infectados. Teve como objetivo a identificação de formas clínicas da esquistossomose mansoni através do exame ultra-sonográfico, em 109 pacientes diagnosticados parasitologicamente e medicados com oxamniquine, durante a realização do Plano de Intensificação das Ações de Controle da Esquistossomose mansônica (1998-2000). Foram utilizadas a ultra-sonografia abdominal e exames de fezes (Kato-Katz) realizados após o término do plano, quatro anos em média. Nesta casuística, foram identificados cinco pacientes com imagens ultra-sonográficas abdominais compatíveis com fibrose periportal periférica ou central e hipertensão portal, além da negatividade de todos os exames parasitológicos nos 109 pacientes. A ultra-sonografia, um método de diagnóstico sensível e não invasivo, possibilitou a identificação de casos com comprometimento hepático em uma área de baixa endemicidade para esquistossomose mansoni

Profile Of The Use Of Disease Modifying Drugs In The Brazilian Registry Of Spondyloarthritides [perfil Do Uso De Drogas Modificadoras De Doença No Registro Brasileiro De Espondiloartrites]

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the profile of use of disease modifying drugs (DMD) in Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods: A common research protocol was applied prospectively in 1505 patients classified as SpA by criteria of the European Spondyloarthropathies Study Group (ESSG), followed at 29 referral centers in Rheumatology in Brazil. Demographic and clinical variables were obtained and evaluated, by analyzing their correlation with the use of DMDs methotrexate (MTX) and sulfasalazine (SSZ). Results: At least one DMD was used by 73.6 % of patients: MTX by 29.2 % and SSZ by 21.7%, while 22.7 % used both drugs. The use of MTX was significantly associated with peripheral involvement, and SSZ was associated with axial involvement, and the two drugs were more administered, separately or in combination, in the mixed involvement (p < 0.001). The use of a DMD was significantly associated with Caucasian ethnicity (MTX, p = 0.014), inflammatory back pain (SSZ, p = 0.002), buttock pain (SSZ, p = 0.030), neck pain (MTX, p = 0.042), arthritis of the lower limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), arthritis of the upper limbs (MTX, p < 0.001), enthesitis (p = 0.007), dactylitis (MTX, p < 0.001), inflammatory bowel disease (SSZ, p < 0.001) and nail involvement (MTX, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The use of at least one DMD was reported by more than 70% of patients in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA, with MTX use more associated with peripheral involvement and the use of SSZ more associated with axial involvement. © 2014 Elsevier Editora Ltda.5413337Sieper, J., Rudwaleit, M., Baraliakos, X., Brandt, J., Braun, J., Burgos-Vargas, R., The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: A guide to assess spondyloarthritis (2009) Ann Rheum Dis, 68 (SUPPL. II), pp. ii1-ii44Rudwaleit, M., van der Heijde, D., Landewé, R., Listing, J., Brandt, J., Braun, J., The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection (2009) Ann Rheum Dis, 68, pp. 770-776Rudwaleit, M., van der Heijde, D., Landewé, R., Akkoc, N., Brandt, J., Chou, C.T., The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis (2011) Ann Rheum Dis, 70, pp. 25-31Sampaio-Barros, P.D., Gonçalves, C.R., Braga da Silva, J.A., Ximenes, A.C., Azevedo, V.C., Bianchi, W.A., Registro Iberoamericano de Espondiloartritis (RESPONDIA): Brasil (2008) Reumatol. Clin., 4 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 30-35Benegas, M., Muñoz-Gomariz, E., Font, P., Burgos-Vargas, R., Chaves, J., Palleiro, D., Comparison of the clinical expression of patients with ankylosing spondylitis from Europe and Latin America (2012) J Rheumatol, 39, pp. 2315-2320Braun, J., van den Berg, R., Baraliakos, X., Boehm, H., Burgos-Vargas, R., Collantes-Estevez, E., 2010 Update of the ASAS/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondyltis (2011) Ann Rheum Dis, 70, pp. 896-904Sampaio-Barros, P.D., Pinheiro, M.M., Ximenes, A.C., Meirelles, E.S., Keiserman, M., Azevedo, V.F., Recomendações sobre o tratamento da espondilite anquilosante (2013) Rev Bras Reumatol, 53, pp. 242-257Gossec, L., Smolen, J.S., Gaujoux-Viala, C., Ash, Z., Marzo-Ortega, H., van der Heijde, D., European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies (2012) Ann Rheum Dis, 71, pp. 4-12Carneiro, S., Azevedo, V.F., Bonfiglioli, R., Ranza, R., Gonçalves, C.R., Keiserman, C.R., Recomendações sobre o tratamento da artrite psoriásica (2013) Rev Bras Reumatol, 53, pp. 227-241Dougados, M., van der Linden, S., Julin, R., Huitfeld, B., Amor, B., Calin, A., The European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondyloarthropathy (1991) Arthritis Rheum, 34, pp. 1218-1227van der Linden, S., Valkenburg, H.A., Cats, A., Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (1984) A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum, 27, pp. 361-368Moll, J.M.H., Wright, V., Psoriatic arthritis (1973) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 3, pp. 55-78Kingsley, G., Sieper, J., Third International Workshop on Reactive Arthritis, 23-26 September 1995, Berlin, Germany (1996) Ann Rheum Dis, 55, pp. 564-584Bodur, H., Ataman, S., Akbulut, L., Evcik, D., Kavuncu, V., Kaya, T., Characteristics and medical management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (2008) Clin Rheumatol, 27, pp. 1119-1125Altan, L., Bingöl, U., Karakoç, Y., Aydiner, S., Yurtkuran, M., Yurtkuran, M., Clinical investigation of methotrexate in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (2001) Scand J Rheumatol, 30, pp. 255-259Marshall, R.W., Kirwan, J.R., Methotrexate in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (2001) Scand J Rheumatol, 30, pp. 313-314Roychowdhury, B., Bintley-Bagot, S., Bulgen, D.Y., Thompson, R.N., Tunn, E.J., Moots, R.J., Is methotrexate effective in ankylosing spondylitis? (2002) Rheumatology (Oxford), 41, pp. 1330-1332Sampaio-Barros, P.D., Costallat, L.T., Bertolo, M.B., Marques-Neto, J.F., Samara, A.M., Methotrexate in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (2000) Scand J Rheumatol, 29, pp. 160-162Gonzalez-Lopez, L., Garcia-Gonzalez, A., Vazquez-Del-Mercado, M., Muñoz-Valle, J.F., Gomez-Nava, J.I., Efficacy of methotrexate in ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial (2004) J Rheumatol, 31, pp. 1568-1574Haibel, H., Brandt, H.C., Song, I.H., Brandt, A., Listing, J., Rudwaleit, M., Sieper, J., No efficacy of subcutaneous methotrexate in active ankylosing spondylitis: a 16-week open-label trial (2007) Ann Rheum Dis., 66, pp. 419-421Abu-Shakra, M., Gladman, D.D., Thorne, J.C., Long, J., Gough, J., Farewell, V.T., Long-term methotrexate therapy in psoriatic arthritis: clinical and radiological outcome (1995) J Rheumatol, 22, pp. 241-245Scarpa, R., Peluso, R., Atteno, M., Manguso, F., Spanò, A., Iervolino, S., The effectiveness of a traditional therapeutical approach in early psoriatic arthritis: Results of a pilot randomised 6-month trial with methotrexate (2008) Clin Rheumatol, 27, pp. 823-826Lie, E., van der Heijde, D., Uhlig, T., Heiberg, M.S., Koldingsnes, W., Rødevand, E., Effectiveness and retention rates of methotrexate in psoriatic arthritis in comparison with methotrexate-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2010) Ann Rheum Dis, 69, pp. 671-676Chandran, V., Raychaudhuri, S.P., Geoepidemiology and environmental factors of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (2010) J Autoimm, 34, pp. 314-321Skare, T.L., Bortoluzzo, A.B., Gonçalves, C.R., Braga da Silva, J.A., Ximenes, A.C., Bértolo, M.B., Ethnic influence in clinical and functional measures of Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis (2012) J. Rheumatol, 39, pp. 141-147Clegg, D.O., Reda, D.J., Weisman, M.H., Blackburn, W.D., Cush, J.J., Cannon, G.W., Comparison of sulfasalazine and placebo in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (1996) A Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. Arthritis Rheum, 39, pp. 2004-2012Chen, J., Liu, C., Is sulfasalazine effective in ankylosing spondylitis? (2006) A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Rheumatol, 33, pp. 722-731Gupta, A.K., Grober, J.S., Hamilton, T.A., Ellis, C.N., Siegel, M.T., Voorhees, J.J., Sulfasalazine therapy for psoriatic arthritis: a double blind, placebo controlled trial (1995) J Rheumatol, 22, pp. 894-898Combe, B., Goupille, P., Kuntz, J.L., Tebib, J., Lioté, F., Bregeon, C., Sulphasalazine in psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, multicentre, placebo-controlled study (1996) Br J Rheumatol, 35, pp. 664-668Clegg, D.O., Reda, D.J., Mejias, E., Cannon, G.W., Weisman, M.H., Taylor, T., Comparison of sulfasalazine and placebo in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis (1996) A Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. Arthritis Rheum, 39, pp. 2004-2012Clegg, D.O., Reda, D.J., Weisman, M.H., Cush, J.J., Vasey, F.B., Schumacher Jr., H.R., Comparison of sulfasalazine and placebo in the treatment of reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome) (1996) A Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. Arthritis Rheum, 39, pp. 2021-2027Consensus guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (2010) Arq Gastroenterol, 47, pp. 313-325. , Brazilian Study Group of Inflammatory Bowel DiseasesD'Haens, G.R., Panaccione, R., Higgins, P.D., Vermeire, S., Gassull, M., Chowers, Y., The London Position Statement of the World Congress of Gastroenterology on Biological Therapy for IBD with the European Crohn's and Colitis Organization: When to start, when to stop, which drug to choose, and how to predict response? (2011) Am J Gastroenterol, 106, pp. 199-212Carneiro, S., Bortoluzzo, A.B., Gonçalves, C.R., Braga da Silva, J.A., Ximenes, A.C., Bértolo, M.B., Impact of enthesitis in 1505 Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis (2013) J Rheumatol, 40, pp. 1719-172

Low Prevalence Of Renal, Cardiac, Pulmonary, And Neurological Extra-articular Clinical Manifestations In Spondyloarthritis: Analysis Of The Brazilian Registry Of Spondyloarthritis

Objective: To describe the extra-articular manifestations (cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological), usually not related to spondyloarthritis (SpA), in a large cohort of Brazilian patients. Materials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed 1,472 patients diagnosed with SpA and cared for at 29 health care centers distributed in the five major geographic regions in the country, participating in the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (BRS). All patients were assessed for the prevalence of major extra-articular manifestations (cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological), classify ed according to the diagnosis [ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA), and juvenile SpA], and according to the clinical presentation (axial, peripheral, mixed, and enthesitis). Results: Of the patients with SpA assessed, 963 had AS, 271 PsA, 49 ReA, 48 arthritis associated with IBD, 98 uSpA, and 43 juvenile SpA. Cardiac involvement was reported in 44 patients (3.0%), pulmonary involvement in 19 (1.3%), renal involvement in 17 (1.2%), and neurological involvement in 13 patients (0.9%). Most patients with visceral involvement had AS or PsA, and the mixed (axial + peripheral) and/or predominantly axial clinical form. Conclusion: Cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and neurological extra-articular manifestations are quite infrequent in SpA, ranging from 0.9% to 3% in this large Brazilian cohort, and affected predominantly patients with AS and PsA. © 2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.523375383Sieper, J., Rudwaleit, M., Baraliakos, X., Brandt, J., Braun, J., Burgos-Vargas, R., The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: A guide to assess spondyloarthritis (2009) Ann Rheum Dis, 68 (SUPPL 2), pp. ii1-44Mielants, H., van den Bosh, F., Extra-articular manifestations (2009) Clin Exp Rheumatol, 27 (4 SUPPL 55), pp. S56-S61van der Cruyssen, B., Ribbens, C., Boonen, A., Mielants, H., de Vlam, K., Lenaerts, J., The epidemiology of ankylosing spondylitis and the commencement of anti-TNF therapy in daily rheumatology practice (2007) Ann Rheum Dis, 66 (8), pp. 1072-1077van der Linden, S., Valkenburg, H.A., Cats, A., Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria (1984) Arthritis Rheum, 27 (4), pp. 361-368Moll, J.M.H., Wright, V., Psoriatic arthritis (1973) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 3 (1), pp. 55-78Kingsley, G., Sieper, J., Third International Workshop on Reactive Arthritis. 23-26 September 1995, Berlin, Germany. Report and abstracts (1996) Ann Rheum Dis, 55 (8), pp. 564-584Bergfeldt, L., HLA-B27-associated cardiac disease (1997) Ann Intern Med, 127 (8 PT 1), pp. 621-629Peeters, A.J., ten Wolde, S., Sedney, M.I., de Vries, R.R., Dijkmans, B.A., Heart conduction disturbance: An HLA-B27 associated disease (1991) Ann Rheum Dis, 50 (6), pp. 348-350Brunner, F., Kunz, A., Weber, U., Kissling, R., Ankylosing spondylitis and heart abnormalities: Do cardiac conduction disorders, valve regurgitation and diastolic dysfunction occur more often in male patients with diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis for over 15 years than in the normal population? (2006) Clin Rheumatol, 25 (1), pp. 24-29Palazzi, C., D'angelo, S., Lubrano, E., Olivieri, I., Aortic involvement in ankylosing spondylitis (2008) Clin Exp Rheumatol, 26 (3 SUPPL 49), pp. S131-S134Eder, L., Sadek, M., McDonald-Blumer, H., Gladman, D.D., Aortitis and spondyloarthritis - an unusual presentation: Case report and review of the literature (2010) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 39 (6), pp. 510-514Peters, M., van der Horst-Bruinsma, I.E., Dijkmans, B.A., Nurmohamed, M.T., Cardiovascular risk profile of patients with spondyloarthropathies, particularly ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis (2004) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 34 (3), pp. 585-592Heeneman, S., Daemen, M.J., Cardiovascular risks in spondyloarthritides (2007) Curr Opin Rheumatol, 19 (4), pp. 358-362Han, C., Robinson Jr., D.W., Hackett, M.V., Paramore, L.C., Fraeman, K.H., Bala, M.V., Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis (2006) J Rheumatol, 33 (11), pp. 2167-2172Rosenow, E., Strimlan, C.V., Muhm, J.R., Ferguson, R.H., Pleuropulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis (1977) Mayo Clin Proc, 52 (10), pp. 641-649Casserly, I.P., Fenlon, H.M., Breatnach, E., Sant, S.M., Lung findings on high-resolution computed tomography in idiopathic ankylosing spondylitis - correlation with clinical findings, pulmonary function testing and plain radiograph (1997) Br J Rheumatol, 36 (6), pp. 677-682El-Maghraoui, A., Chaouir, S., Abid, A., Bezza, A., Tabache, F., Achemlal, L., Lung findings on thoracic high-resolution computed tomography in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Correlations with disease duration, clinical findings and pulmonary function testing (2004) Clin Rheumatol, 23 (2), pp. 123-128Sampaio-Barros, P.D., Cerqueira, E.M., Rezende, S.M., Maeda, L., Conde, R.A., Zanardi, V.A., Pulmonary involvement in ankylosing spondylitis (2007) Clin Rheumatol, 26 (2), pp. 225-230Bruneau, C., Villiaumey, J., Avouac, B., Martigny, J., Laurent, J., Pichot, A., Seronegative spondyloarthropathies and IgA glomerulonephritis: A report of four cases and a review of the literature (1986) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 15 (3), pp. 179-184Strobel, E.S., Frithschka, E., Renal diseases in ankylosing spondylitis: Review of the literature illustrated by case reports (1998) Clin Rheumatol, 17 (6), pp. 524-530Vilar, M.J., Cury, S.E., Ferraz, M.B., Sesso, R., Atra, E., Renal abnormalities in ankylosing spondylitis (1997) Scand J Rheumatol, 26 (1), pp. 19-23Lange, U., Stapfer, G., Ditting, T., Geiger, H., Teichmann, J., Müller-Ladner, U., Pathologic alterations of the heart and the kidney in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (2007) Eur J Med Res, 12 (12), pp. 573-581Azevedo, D.C., Ferreira, G.A., Carvalho, M.A., Nefropatia por IgA em portadores de espondiloartrites acompanhados no Serviço de Reumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG (2011) Rev Bras Reumatol, 51 (5), pp. 412-422Gallinaro, A.L., Ventura, C., Barros, P.D., Gonçalves, C.R., Spondyloarthritis: Analysis of a Brazilian series compared with a large Ibero-American registry (RESPONDIA group) (2010) Rev Bras Reumatol, 50 (5), pp. 581-589Lehtinen, K., Mortality and causes of death in 398 patients admitted to hospital with ankylosing spondylitis (1993) Ann Rheum Dis, 52 (3), pp. 174-176Gratacos, J., Orellana, C., Sanmarti, R., Sole, M., Collado, A., Gomez-Casanovas, E., Secondary amyloidosis in ankylosing spondylitis. A systematic survey of 137 patients using abdominal fat aspiration (1997) J Rheumatol, 24 (5), pp. 912-915Hunter, T., The spinal complications of ankylosing spondylitis (1989) Semin Arthritis Rheum, 19 (3), pp. 172-182Ahn, N.U., Ahn, U.M., Nallamshetty, L., Springer, B.D., Buchowski, J.M., Funches, L., Cauda equina syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis (the CES-AS syndrome): Meta-analysis of outcomes after medical and surgical treatments (2001) J Spinal Disord, 14 (5), pp. 427-433Ramos-Remus, C., Gomez-Vargas, A., Hernandez-Chavez, A., Gamez-Nava, J.I., Gonzalez-Lopez, L., Russell, A.S., Two year followup of anterior and vertical atlantoaxial subluxation in ankylosing spondylitis (1997) J Rheumatol, 24 (3), pp. 507-510Westerveld, L.A., Verlaan, J.J., Oner, F.C., Spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorders: A systematic review of the literature on treatment, neurological status and complications (2009) Eur Spine J, 18 (2), pp. 145-15