Digestibility of crambe meal for broilers chickens

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.Ag?ncia financiadora para realiza??o desse trabalho: Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).Foi realizado um experimento na sala de ensaios metab?licos com o objetivo de avaliar o coeficiente de digestibilidade (CD) da mat?ria seca (MS), prote?na bruta (PB), mat?ria mineral (MM) e a energia metaboliz?vel aparente (EMA) do farelo de crambe para frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 140 pintos de corte da linhagem Cobb com 14 dias de idade, alimentados com uma ra??o refer?ncia (RR) e uma ra??o teste (RT) RR + 20% inclus?o do farelo de crambe, com sete repeti??es cada. Utilizou-se o m?todo de coleta total de excretas sendo cinco dias para adapta??o ?s gaiolas e ?s ra??es e cinco para coleta de excretas. Os valores CDMS, CDPB, CDMM e EMA do farelo de crambe foram: 69,14; 60,38; 58,86% e 2262 kcal na MS do alimento, respectivamente.An experiment was conducted in the metabolic rehearsal room in order to assess the digestibility coefficient (DC) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), mineral matter (MM) and the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) crambe meal for broilers. 140 broiler chicks were used in the lineage Cobb 14 days old, fed a basal diet (BD) and a test diet (DT) BD + 20% inclusion of crambe meal, with seven repetitions each. We used the total collection of excreta method with five days to adapt to the cages and feed and five for excreta collection. The DCDM values, DCCP, DCMM and AME crambe meal were: 69.14, 60.38, 58.86% and 2262 kcal in dry matter, respectively

Bat Influenza A(HL18NL11) Virus in Fruit Bats, Brazil

Screening of 533 bats for influenza A viruses showed subtype HL18NL11 in intestines of 2 great fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus). High concentrations suggested fecal shedding. Genomic characterizations revealed conservation of viral genes across different host species, countries, and sampling years, suggesting a conserved cellular receptor and wide-ranging occurrence of bat influenza A viruses

Resumos em andamento - Educação

Resumos em andamento - Educaçã

Resumos em andamento - Educação

Resumos em andamento - Educaçã

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field