Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2_2 by Highly Efficient Homogeneous FeII^{II} Catalyst based on 2,6‐Bis(1’,2’,3’‐triazolyl‐methyl)pyridine - Comparison with Analogues

Fully earth-abundant and highly efficient systems for producing syngas CO/H$_2$ through photocatalytic reduction from CO$_2$ are essential to approach a sustainable way of closing the carbon cycle. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a new iron complex, Fe$^{II}$L(NCS)$_2$py, coordinated to an N,N,N-pincer ligand 2,6-bis(4’-phenyl-1’,2’,3’-triazol-1’-yl-methyl)pyridine (L), two isothiocyanate groups (NCS) and one pyridine is reported. Its catalytic activity in the photo-driven reduction of carbon dioxide has been investigated and compared with its Co$^{II}$ analogue (CoL(NCS)$_2$py) and their homoleptic complexes ML$_2$. In this work, the catalysts are used in combination with the heteroleptic complex [Cu$^I$(dmp)(DPEphos)], where dmp is 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and DPEPhos is bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether, to reach entirely earth-abundant systems. The new iron heteroleptic complex Fe$^{II}$L(NCS)$_2$py showed considerable activity with a TON$_{CO}$ of 576 obtained after 4 h (TOF=144 h$^{−1}$) through visible light (λ=420 nm) and a quantum yield of 7.1 %

Genome-wide analysis of the human Alu Yb-lineage.

The Alu Yb-lineage is a \u27young\u27 primarily human-specific group of short interspersed element (SINE) subfamilies that have integrated throughout the human genome. In this study, we have computationally screened the draft sequence of the human genome for Alu Yb-lineage subfamily members present on autosomal chromosomes. A total of 1,733 Yb Alu subfamily members have integrated into human autosomes. The average ages of Yb-lineage subfamilies, Yb7, Yb8 and Yb9, are estimated as 4.81, 2.39 and 2.32 million years, respectively. In order to determine the contribution of the Alu Yb-lineage to human genomic diversity, 1,202 loci were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays, which amplify the genomic regions containing individual Yb-lineage subfamily members. Approximately 20 percent of the Yb-lineage Alu elements are polymorphic for insertion presence/absence in the human genome. Fewer than 0.5 percent of the Yb loci also demonstrate insertions at orthologous positions in non-human primate genomes. Genomic sequencing of these unusual loci demonstrates that each of the orthologous loci from non-human primate genomes contains older Y, Sg and Sx Alu family members that have been altered, through various mechanisms, into Yb8 sequences. These data suggest that Alu Yb-lineage subfamily members are largely restricted to the human genome. The high copy number, level of insertion polymorphism and estimated age indicate that members of the Alu Yb elements will be useful in a wide range of genetic analyses

New Techniques for Analysing Axisymmetric Gravitational Systems. 1. Vacuum Fields

A new framework for analysing the gravitational fields in a stationary, axisymmetric configuration is introduced. The method is used to construct a complete set of field equations for the vacuum region outside a rotating source. These equations are under-determined. Restricting the Weyl tensor to type D produces a set of equations which can be solved, and a range of new techniques are introduced to simplify the problem. Imposing the further condition that the solution is asymptotically flat yields the Kerr solution uniquely. The implications of this result for the no-hair theorem are discussed. The techniques developed here have many other applications, which are described in the conclusions.Comment: 30 pages, no figure

Analysis of the human Alu Ya-lineage

The Alu Ya-lineage is a group of related, short interspersed elements (SINEs) found in primates. This lineage includes subfamilies Ya1-Ya5, Ya5a2 and others. Some of these subfamilies are still actively mobilizing in the human genome. We have analyzed 2482 elements that reside in the human genome draft sequence and focused our analyses on the 2318 human autosomal Ya Alu elements. A total of 1470 autosomal loci were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays that allow analysis of individual Ya-lineage Alu elements. About 22% (313/1452) of the Ya-lineage Alu elements were polymorphic for the insertion presence on human autosomes. Less than 0.01% (5/1452) of the Ya-lineage loci analyzed displayed insertions in orthologous loci in non-human primate genomes. DNA sequence analysis of the orthologous inserts showed that the orthologous loci contained older pre-existing Y, Sc or Sq Alu subfamily elements that were the result of parallel forward insertions or involved in gene conversion events in the human lineage. This study is the largest analysis of a group of young , evolutionarily related human subfamilies. The size, evolutionary age and variable allele insertion frequencies of several of these subfamilies makes members of the Ya-lineage useful tools for human population studies and primate phylogenetics. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Varying the dimensionality of Cu(II)-based coordination polymers through solvent influence

This work reports the synthesis and structure of a large porous zeotype network observed within compound (1) using {Cu2(piv)4} as the linking unit (piv = pivalate). The slow in-situ formation of the hmt ligand (hexamethylenetetramine) appears to be key in generating a µ4-briding mode of the hmt-node. Attempts to improve the low yield of compound (1) using different solvent layer diffusion methods resulted in the µ3-hmt complexes (2) and (3). Both compounds exhibit a 3D network of two intertwined chiral networks. Strong hydrogen bonding present in (3) leads to the formation of intertwined DNA-like double-helix structures. The use of bulky solvents in the synthesis of compound (4) leads to the structure crystallizing solvent-free. The packing of (4) is dominated by energy minimization which is achieved when the 1D-“cylinders” pack into the closest possible arrangement. This work highlights the potential for solvent controlled synthesis of extended copper-hmt systems

An integrated general practice and pharmacy-based intervention to promote the use of appropriate preventive medications among individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are responsible for significant morbidity, premature mortality, and economic burden. Despite established evidence that supports the use of preventive medications among patients at high CVD risk, treatment gaps remain. Building on prior evidence and a theoretical framework, a complex intervention has been designed to address these gaps among high-risk, under-treated patients in the Australian primary care setting. This intervention comprises a general practice quality improvement tool incorporating clinical decision support and audit/feedback capabilities; availability of a range of CVD polypills (fixed-dose combinations of two blood pressure lowering agents, a statin ± aspirin) for prescription when appropriate; and access to a pharmacy-based program to support long-term medication adherence and lifestyle modification. Methods: Following a systematic development process, the intervention will be evaluated in a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial including 70 general practices for a median period of 18 months. The 35 general practices in the intervention group will work with a nominated partner pharmacy, whereas those in the control group will provide usual care without access to the intervention tools. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients at high CVD risk who were inadequately treated at baseline who achieve target blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels at the study end. The outcomes will be analyzed using data from electronic medical records, utilizing a validated extraction tool. Detailed process and economic evaluations will also be performed. Discussion: The study intends to establish evidence about an intervention that combines technological innovation with team collaboration between patients, pharmacists, and general practitioners (GPs) for CVD prevention. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN1261600023342

Hypertension in Holmes County, Mississippi / CAC No. 138

Includes bibliographic references (p. 10-11)