CRC 1114 - Report Membrane Deformation by N-BAR Proteins: Extraction of membrane geometry and protein diffusion characteristics from MD simulations

We describe simulations of Proteins and artificial pseudo-molecules interacting and shaping lipid bilayer membranes. We extract protein diffusion Parameters, membrane deformation profiles and the elastic properties of the used membrane models in preparation of calculations based on a large scale continuum model

Exciton-polaritons gas as a nonequilibrium coolant

Using angle-resolved Raman spectroscopy, we show that a resonantly excited ground-state exciton-polariton fluid behaves like a nonequilibrium coolant for its host solid-state semiconductor microcavity. With this optical technique, we obtain a detailed measurement of the thermal fluxes generated by the pumped polaritons. We thus find a maximum cooling power for a cryostat temperature of $50$K and below where optical cooling is usually suppressed, and we identify the participation of an ultrafast cooling mechanism. We also show that the nonequilibrium character of polaritons constitutes an unexpected resource: each scattering event can remove more heat from the solid than would be normally allowed using a thermal fluid with normal internal equilibration.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures + supplemental materia

The Open Graph Archive: A Community-Driven Effort

In order to evaluate, compare, and tune graph algorithms, experiments on well designed benchmark sets have to be performed. Together with the goal of reproducibility of experimental results, this creates a demand for a public archive to gather and store graph instances. Such an archive would ideally allow annotation of instances or sets of graphs with additional information like graph properties and references to the respective experiments and results. Here we examine the requirements, and introduce a new community project with the aim of producing an easily accessible library of graphs. Through successful community involvement, it is expected that the archive will contain a representative selection of both real-world and generated graph instances, covering significant application areas as well as interesting classes of graphs.Comment: 10 page

Experimental analysis of suction on step-induced boundary-layer transition

The influence of suction on step-induced boundary-layer transition has been experimentally investigated in the Cryogenic Ludwieg-Tube Goettingen at large chord Reynolds numbers (up to 16·106), Mach numbers from 0.35 to 0.77 and various streamwise pressure gradients by means of temperature-sensitive paint. Surface imperfections, implemented as combination of gap and forward-facing step, caused transition to occur at a location more upstream than in the case of a smooth surface (i.e. without gap and step). For this combination of imperfections, it was demonstrated for the first time in experiments that suction, achieved passively by exploiting the pressure difference between upper and lower side of the model, induced a movement of transition to a more downstream location than without suction, and in most cases even more downstream than on the smooth configuration at the same test conditions. Thus, the effect of suction was to even overcompensate the adverse effect of the combination of gap and forward-facing step on boundary-layer transition for the investigated test conditions

An Exact Solution to the Modified Winding Function for Eccentric Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

The Winding Function Approach has been used since 1965 to describe the inductance behavior of small air-gap electrical machines, and several works have contributed to its formulation in the presence of mechanical faults, such as eccentricity, leading to the Modified Winding Function Approach (MWFA). In order to use the MWFA, an integral over a full rotation period needs to be computed. Nevertheless, this typically requires the performance of numerical integration, and thus it is affected by integration error, requires relatively high computational effort and, at the same time, it does not easily allow for performance of the analysis of the inductance harmonics. In this work, an exact analytical solution to the MWFA equation is provided in a form that allows to highlight the harmonic content of the inductances. After a thorough mathematical derivation of the solution, a numerical investigation is proposed for verification purposes

A Call to Reflect on Evaluation Practices for Failure Detection in Image Classification

Reliable application of machine learning-based decision systems in the wild is one of the major challenges currently investigated by the field. A large portion of established approaches aims to detect erroneous predictions by means of assigning confidence scores. This confidence may be obtained by either quantifying the model's predictive uncertainty, learning explicit scoring functions, or assessing whether the input is in line with the training distribution. Curiously, while these approaches all state to address the same eventual goal of detecting failures of a classifier upon real-life application, they currently constitute largely separated research fields with individual evaluation protocols, which either exclude a substantial part of relevant methods or ignore large parts of relevant failure sources. In this work, we systematically reveal current pitfalls caused by these inconsistencies and derive requirements for a holistic and realistic evaluation of failure detection. To demonstrate the relevance of this unified perspective, we present a large-scale empirical study for the first time enabling benchmarking confidence scoring functions w.r.t all relevant methods and failure sources. The revelation of a simple softmax response baseline as the overall best performing method underlines the drastic shortcomings of current evaluation in the abundance of publicized research on confidence scoring. Code and trained models are at https://github.com/IML-DKFZ/fd-shifts