Partial mass concentration for fast-diffusions with non-local aggregation terms

We study well-posedness and long-time behaviour of aggregation-diffusion equations of the form $\frac{\partial \rho}{\partial t} = \Delta \rho^m + \nabla \cdot( \rho (\nabla V + \nabla W \ast \rho))$ in the fast-diffusion range, $0<m<1$, and $V$ and $W$ regular enough. We develop a well-posedness theory, first in the ball and then in $\mathbb R^d$, and characterise the long-time asymptotics in the space $W^{-1,1}$ for radial initial data. In the radial setting and for the mass equation, viscosity solutions are used to prove partial mass concentration asymptotically as $t \to \infty$, i.e. the limit as $t \to \infty$ is of the form $\alpha \delta_0 + \widehat \rho \, dx$ with $\alpha \geq 0$ and $\widehat \rho \in L^1$. Finally, we give instances of $W \ne 0$ showing that partial mass concentration does happen in infinite time, i.e. $\alpha > 0$

Utilización de la cestilla de Moss en el tratamiento de fracturas patológicas vertebrales

Las fracturas patológicas vertebrales pueden inducir radículo o mielopatía compresiva, inestabilidad y deformidad, de tal forma que el objetivo del tratamiento consistiría en restablecer lo más rápidamente posible la anatomía y función. En este sentido la utilización de una malla cilindrica de titanio como la «cestilla de Moss» consigue una estabilidad inmediata y permite la carga precoz. Presentamos un estudio retrospectivo de 6 pacientes afectos de fractura patológica vertebral intervenidos mediante abordaje anterior y estabilización instrumentada combinada con la «cestilla de Moss» rellena de injerto óseo o cemento acrílico. La valoración clínica se realiza subjetivamente por la presencia de dolor y neurológicamente según los grados de Frankel pre y postoperatorios. Radiológicamente se valora la corrección de la cifosis/lordosis/acuñamiento según el método de Cobb. La utilización de la «cestilla de Moss» en fracturas patológicas vertebrales consigue una estabilidad completa sin dependencia de la fusión ósea.Pathological spinal fractures could induce neurological deficit, instability and deformity. Therefore, the objective of the treatment consists of re-establishing the most quickly possible the anatomy and normal function. In this sense, the utilization of a cylindrical mesh of titanium, like the Moss's mesh, provide an immediate stability permiting early loading. We report a retrospective study of 6 patients with pathological spinal fracture operated by anterior decompression and spine stabilization using the Moss's mesh padded of bone graft acrylic cement. Clinical assessment was made subjectively for the presence of pain and neurologic ally according to pre and postoperatively Frankel's grades. The correction of the kyphosis, lordosis and vertebral collapse was assessed according to the Cobb's method. The utilization of the Moss's mesh in pathological spinal fractures provides a complete stability without dependence of the status of bone fusion

Plant Biomass and Bovine Live Weight Changes in Mono-Specific and Mixed Pastures during the Rainy Season in Dry Tropical Mexico

Dry tropics suffer long drought periods each year, negatively affecting the amount and digestibility of forage for cattle production. The aim of this study was evaluate different pasture types, grazed by cattle during the rainy season. Three hectares were prepared to compare: grass monoculture, Andropogon gayanus (G); a grass-legume mixture of A. gayanus and Clitoria ternatea (GL), and a grass-legume-tree mixture of A. gayanus, C. ternatea and Morus alba (GLT). Two grazing cycles (4 d grazing followed by 32 d resting; 72 d total) were completed. Three heifers (average initial weight 192 kg) grazed each experimental unit. The amounts of forage offered, remaining after grazing, and removed by animals differed significantly among the pasture treatments. Total forage offered by period was 2007, 4089, and 4192 DM kg/ha for G, GL, and GLT, respectively. Total residual forage was 1074, 1878 and 2613 DM kg/ha respectively, while total forage removed was 934, 2209, and 1579 DM kg/ha, respectively. Differences for offered forage were detected only for residual and consumed forage for GL prairies. Differences in available forage were mainly due to differences in the amount of stem and live material. Daily weight gain was 0.138, 0.504 and 0.501 kg per animal for G, GL, and GLT, respectively. Mixed pasture treatments yielded better live weight gain due to the better quality of available forage

Estudio clínico-radiológico de la osteosíntesis con clavo gamma en fracturas trocantéricas

Los autores realizan un estudio retrospectivo de 222 enfermos afectos de fractura del macizo trocantérico tratados con clavo gamma estándar. Se valoran los resultados desde el punto de vista clínico, teniendo en cuenta el resultado funcional y las complicaciones, y radioló- gico considerando el tipo de implante, la impresión de estabilidad, los defectos del montaje y el ángulo cervicodiafisario para estudiar sus repercusiones en la consolidación. Se realiza una comparación de esta serie con otras de la literatura con el mismo implante (clavo gamma) y con otras en las que se usaron otros sistemas de osteosíntesis como DHS y Ender. Concluimos que con una técnica depurada el clavo gamma estándar es un sistema de osteosíntesis ideal en las fracturas inestables del macizo trocantérico.Two hundred twenty two fractures of the trochanteric area treated with the gamma standard nail were evaluated retrospectively. The clinical outcome was assessed keeping in mind the functional result and complications. The type of implant, stability impression, anomalies of the assembly and valgus-varus angle were analyzed in order to study their repercussions in the consolidation. This series is compared with others in the literature with the same implant (gamma nail) and with others using other systems of osteosintesys, like DHS and Ender's nails. We conclued that with a purified technique the gamma standard nail is an ideal system for osteosinthesys of unstable fractures of the trochanteric area

Forage Biomass and Bovine Live Weight Changes within Monospecific and Mixed Prairies over the Dry Season in Tropical México

In the tropical systems of cattle grazing, the limited period of forage production and low forage protein content and digestibility of the same, are the main constraints to increasing live weight gain. Grass-legume pasture improves forage quantity and quality and sowing mixed swards in both the wet and dry tropics is now common practice. However, much less is known if inclusion of a fodder tree as a third component could further improve forage parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate three types of grasslands, grazed by cattle in the dry season of the dry tropics. Swards were established to compare: grass only (PP), grass-legume (PA) and silvo-pastoral (PSP) pastures on basis of forage on-offer, residual and disappeared and bullock’s daily live-weight gain. Species used were: Andropogon gayanus Kunth, Clitoria ternatea Linn and Morus alba Linn

“To be myself again”: Perceived benefits of group-based exercise for colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: To explore the perceived benefits of a group-based exercise program for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Methods: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with all participants (n = 25) at the end of the exercise program (patients, relatives and healthcare professionals). The exercise instructor in charge of the exercise program with CRC patients also collected observational field notes throughout a research diary. Results: Three main themes related to exercise as a coping strategy were obtained: (a) physical recovery; (b) psychosocial well-being, and (c) reconnection with their embodied selves and normal lives. Physical recovery included a perceived increase in fitness and a reduction in physical side-effects. Psychosocial well-being included perceived benefits in self-confidence, sense of control, reduced fear, feeling of being useful, sense of achievement, positive thinking and avoiding depression. All the physical and psychosocial benefits helped patients reconnect with their embodied selves, engage in activities practised before the diagnoses, improve their body image, avoid stigma, and increase their social life beyond cancer diagnoses. In this sense, some patients held on to their past selves, trying to keep or recover normality in their lives, while others acknowledged that they might not be the same person anymore, with exercise being part of this new identity. Conclusions: This study shows that exercise is a coping strategy that benefitted CRC patients in several ways related to their physical and psychosocial quality of life

Exploring the socio-ecological factors behind the (in)active lifestyles of Spanish post-bariatric surgery patients

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is considered essential for the treatment of morbid obesity and the optimization of bariatric surgery outcomes. The objective of this article was to identify the facilitators and barriers that bariatric patients perceived to do PA one year after finishing a PA programme for the promotion of a long-term active lifestyle. This objective was addressed from a socio-ecological and qualitative perspective. Methods: Nine patients (eight women and one man), aged between 31 and 59 years, participated in semi-structured interviews directly following the PA programme and one year after it. A content analysis was carried out to analyze the qualitative data. Results: Weight loss, improvement of physical fitness, perceived competence, and enjoyment were the main facilitators of PA. Complexes related to skin folds, osteoarthritis, perceived unfavourable weather conditions, lack of social support and economic resources, long workdays, lack of specific PA programmes, and other passive leisure preferences were the main barriers to participate in PA. Conclusions: Results highlight the important interplay between personal, social environmental, and physical environmental factors to explain (in)active behaviours of bariatric patients. The findings of this article could be useful for future research and interventions aimed at promoting PA in bariatric patients

In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of microencapsulated extracts of Flourensia cernua, F. microphylla, and F. retinophylla

Recently, some species of the genus Flourensia have been identified by their potential health effects (e.g. anti-inflammatory and apoptotic). Encapsulation of plant extracts is a process that can allow an adequate dosage administration, as well as to protect bioactive compounds and improve their controlled release in the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Therefore, the aims of this work were: to microencapsulate the ethanol extracts of F. cernua, F. microphylla, and F. retinophylla; and to evaluate the controlled release of the microencapsuled extracts in an in vitro GI system. Leaves of Flourensia spp. were collected in wild sites of Coahuila State, and the ethanol extracts were obtained by the Soxhlet method. The encapsulation was performed by the gelation technique, using alginate. The microcapsules formed were characterized in terms of total phenol content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic) diammonium acid (ABTS), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal analysis, and in vitro GI digestion. The microcapsules were found to have spherical-shape and a micro-scale dimension in the range of 2.168.8??m. Also, the built of microcapsules was confirmed by the appearance of an exothermic peak centered at 600?°C in the DSC analysis. F. microphylla noted for its strong antioxidant activity, even in its encapsulated form. In the gastric system the extracts of fresh microcapsules were released from 7.7% to 14.5%, while values of 26.5% to 53.3% were observed for those dried. For the intestinal system, the higher release was observed for dried microcapsules (59.9% to 78.4%) than for those fresh (26.3% to 30.2%). Thus, it was demonstrated that the alginate microcapsule protected the extracts until they were delivered to the target site in the GI model, and this effect was better with the dried microcapsules of Flourensia spp. This study would set the guide for the application of Flourensia spp. extracts in order to take advantage of their benefits to human health.Author G.N. Puente Romero thanks Mexican Science and Technology Council (CONACYT, Mexico) for MSc fellowship support. Authors would like to thank to María Guadalupe Moreno Esquivel, Edith E. Chaires Colunga, Olga L. Solís Hernández, and M. Leticia Rodríguez González of the Phytochemistry Laboratory from Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, for their support in the lab experiments.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Biodegradable Polyester Films from Renewable Aleuritic Acid: Surface Modifications Induced by Melt-polycondensation in Air.

Good water barrier properties and biocompatibility of long-chain biopolyesters like cutin and suberin have inspired the design of synthetic mimetic materials. Most of these biopolymers are made from esterified mid-chain functionalized ω-long chain hydroxyacids. Aleuritic (9,10,16-trihydroxypalmitic) acid is such a polyhydroxylated fatty acid and is also the major constituent of natural lac resin, a relatively abundant and renewable resource. Insoluble and thermostable films have been prepared from aleuritic acid by meltcondensation polymerization in air without catalysts, an easy and attractive procedure for large scale production. Intended to be used as a protective coating, the barrier's performance is expected to be conditioned by physical and chemical modifications induced by oxygen on the air-exposed side. Hence, the chemical composition, texture, mechanical behavior, hydrophobicity, chemical resistance and biodegradation of the film surface have been studied by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanoindentation and water contact angle (WCA). It has been demonstrated that the occurrence of side oxidation reactions conditions the surface physical and chemical properties of these polyhydroxyester films. Additionally, the addition of palmitic acid to reduce the presence of hydrophilic free hydroxyl groups was found to have a strong influence on these parametersEspaña Mineco CTQ2011-24299Junta de Andalucia TEP-7418. JAH-GBIOPROTO FP