5 research outputs found
Efecto de la dilución de chicha de maíz (Zea mays) y caudal de ingreso a un sistema de irradiación ultravioleta en el contenido de bacterias mesófilas
Se evaluó el efecto de la dilución y caudal de entrada de la chicha de maíz en la mortalidad de bacterias mesófilas viables. Se utilizó un equipo de irradiación ultravioleta UV, construida de tubo de PVC de 2 pulgadas con un fluorescente UV colocado concéntricamente al tubo de PVC. Se introdujo al equipo chicha sin diluir (1/0) y diluida con agua destilada al 50% (1/1), con dos caudales (83 y 166 mL/s). La experiencia se evaluó a través de 4 tratamientos con dos repeticiones (8 unidades experimentales), configurándose un diseño factorial incompleto, con 2 factores (k=2), 2 niveles para cada factor y 2 replicas para cada experimento. Con los caudales de entrada de chicha de maíz de 166 y 83 mL/s con diluciones (1/1) y (1/0), se produjo una disminución de 3.5 a 4.0 veces respectivamente en el contenido de bacterias mesófilas viables
Efecto de la dilución de chicha de maíz (Zea mays) y caudal de ingreso a un sistema de irradiación ultravioleta en el contenido de bacterias mesófilas
Se evaluó el efecto de la dilución y caudal de entrada de la chicha de maíz en la mortalidad de bacterias mesófilas viables. Se utilizó un equipo de irradiación ultravioleta UV, construida de tubo de PVC de 2 pulgadas con un fluorescente UV colocado concéntricamente al tubo de PVC. Se introdujo al equipo chicha sin diluir (1/0) y diluida con agua destilada al 50% (1/1), con dos caudales (83 y 166 mL/s). La experiencia se evaluó a través de 4 tratamientos con dos repeticiones (8 unidades experimentales), configurándose un diseño factorial incompleto, con 2 factores (k=2), 2 niveles para cada factor y 2 replicas para cada experimento. Con los caudales de entrada de chicha de maíz de 166 y 83 mL/s con diluciones (1/1) y (1/0), se produjo una disminución de 3.5 a 4.0 veces respectivamente en el contenido de bacterias mesófilas viables
Tide-induced fluctuations of salinity and groundwater level in unconfined aquifers – Field measurements and numerical model
Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study
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Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study
We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care